No abstract available.

The radiological findings of various cervical spine fractures were analized on the basis of J.Harrisclassification. It appears to be important for the radiologist to be familiar with radiographic findings ofcervical spine fractures, particularly those of unstable fractures which can result in serious medical problems ifimproperly handled in the department of radiology. 68 cases of cervial spine fracures were analized. The resultsare as follows; 1. Stable and unstable fracures were about equal in incedence. 2. Anterior subluxation accountsfor 43.4% of stable fractures, 19% of all fractures. 3. Bilateral interfacetal dislocation accounts for 51.1% ofunstable fractures, 255 of all fractures. 4. Associated fracture were involved in skull, scapula, mandible andfemur. 5. About 80% of the patients is in third through fifth decade.
Dislocations ; Humans ; Mandible ; Scapula ; Skull ; Spine

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence, risk factors and prognosis of delirium in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures of femur. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 162 patients who underwent operation for intertrochanteric fracture of femur from July 2005 to January 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Delirium was diagnosed by using Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). Medical records were reviewed for the information of the patients, Gross motor function classification of Palisano et al. was used for the evaluation of ambulatory status. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were done to find out the risk factors. RESULTS: 2 cases out of 162 (1.2%) met the criteria of delirium at admission, and 39 cases (24.1%) after surgery. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis identified age, hematocrit, dementia, the duration of opiate use, and pulmonary complication as risk factors. Hospital stay was longer and postoperative ambulatory status was worse in the patients with delirium. CONCLUSION: Delirium is a frequent complication of intertrochanteric fractures of old age and associated with worse results. Cognitive function as well as physical status should be evaluated before and after surgery. Delirium needs more active prevention and treatment for better results.
Aged ; Delirium ; Dementia ; Femur ; Hematocrit ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Calcific tendinitis is most common seen within the rotator cuff of the shoulder, although it may develop around the hip, wrist, elbow, knee, forefoot, and neck. However, there has been no report in the medical literature regarding calcific tendinitis of the common extensor tendon. We present a case of a 26-year-old woman who had calcific tendinitis of the common extensor tendon. Intraoperatively, partial rupture and calcific deposit at the insertion of the common extensor tendon were seen. We were removed calcific deposit and ruptured tissue of common extensor tendon, and then ruptured common extensor tendon was sutured. The patient showed excellent result two years postoperatively with return to range in a degree of activity levels.
Adult ; Elbow ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Knee ; Neck ; Rotator Cuff ; Rupture ; Shoulder ; Tendinopathy ; Tendons ; Wrist

Patellofemoral joint problems refer to a spectrum of conditions affecting the patellofemoral joint, which is the joint between the patella and femur. These conditions can cause pain and instability in the knee and affect an individual’s ability to perform daily activities. Patellofemoral joint problems commonly cause knee pain, particularly among young athletes and physically active individuals. This review article discusses current patellofemoral joint problems, including their epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.Current Concepts: Patellofemoral joint problems are presented as clinical symptoms of pain and instability. Dividing the diagnostic criteria into anterior knee pain, patella instability, and patellofemoral arthritis is useful. Anterior knee pain is diagnosed after excluding possible causes. Patellar instability is classified into recurrent dislocation, habitual dislocation (extension and flexion types), and permanent dislocation. Moreover, patellar instability can progress to the final stage of patellofemoral arthritis. Thus, patellar instability should be treated according to the Dejour criterion, and patellofemoral arthritis treatment requires artificial joint replacement surgery.Discussion and Conclusion: The pathological mechanism of patellofemoral joint problems still needs to be properly established, and multifactorial causes make it difficult to treat patellofemoral joint problems. Accurate diagnosis is considered an essential factor for successful treatment.

PURPOSE: The authors evaluated the differences between K-wires and Bold screw for fixing the proximal metatarsal chevron osteotomy of moderate and severe hallux valgus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 59 patients (81 feet) who were moderate and severe degree hallux valgus according to the classification of Mann. They all got the proximal chevron osteotomy when correcting the deformity. All patients were followed up at least 6 months. We divided the patients into 2 groups, K-wires fixed group as A, Bold screw fixed group as B. Group A were 42 patients (63 feet) and Group B were 18 patients (19 feet). Among the Group B, 2 feet who were failed to fix the oetotomy site with Bold screw, were fixed with K-wires during operation. We measured the AOFAS score preoperatively, postoperatively and at final follow-up, VAS score at 2 weeks after the operation. Also preoperative, postoperative and follow-up hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA) were measured for each patients. RESULTS: Mean follow up period was 1.34 year (range: 6 months-6.16 years). Mean VAS score of group A was 3.21+/-1.7 and group B 1.76+/-1.0. Preoperative mean AOFAS score of group A was 45.61+/-8.3, group B 44.41+/-8.9, the final mean score of group A was 88.87+/-8.3 and group B 92.47+/-4.4. Preoperative mean HVA was 30.82+/-6.6 degrees in group A and 32.88+/-14.5 degrees in group B, the final mean angle of group A was 14.89+/-8.3 degrees and group B 17+/-4.4 degrees. The preoperative mean IMA of group A was 13.69+/-3.6 degrees and group B 12.35+/-5.2, the final mean angle of group A was 9.26+/-3.6 degrees and group B 12.35+/-5.8 degrees. CONCLUSION: There were no statistical differences in radiologic and clinical results (p>0.05) but, group B exceeded group A in VAS score (p=0.0007) and had no statistical significance in terms of reduction angle loss (p=0.06). Early returning to normal life activity may be possible for patients using Bold screws.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Hallux ; Hallux Valgus ; Humans ; Metatarsal Bones ; Osteotomy

In order to investigate the anti-proliferative effect of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme. A reductase inhibitor, we evaluated the effects of lovastatin on DNA replication and the proliferation of rat mesangial and aortic smooth muscle cells, both of which were mesenchymal origin cells. Proliferations were determined by measuring [3H]thymidine uptake, and counting the number of cells. Growth-arrested mesangial and aortic smooth muscle cells were exposed to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), endothelin (ET) and angiotensin II (Ang II) to stimulate mitogenesis. All agents exhibited dose-dependent stimulation of [3H] thymidine uptake. PDGF was more potent than the others. Ang II increased [3H] thymidine uptake without demonstrable mitogenic activity. Lovastatin inhibited PDGF (10 ng/ml in mesangial cell, 25 ng/ml in smooth muscle cell)-, ET (10(-7)M)- and Ang II (10(-7)M)-induced [3H] thymidine uptake significantly in a dose-dependent manner in both cells. The increase of cell number in response to PDGF and ET treatment were also inhibited at 10 microM of lovastatin. The inhibitory effect of lovastatin was largely overcome in the presence of exogenous mevalonate at 200 microM, with 75.5% restoration from lovastatin-induced inhibition on PDGF-induced [3H] thymidine uptake in mesangial cells (77.8% in aortic smooth muscle cells). However, the addition of cholesterol did not prevent inhibition by lovastatin. In conclusion, lovastatin had an inhibitory effect on mesangial and aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation, and mevalonate was essential for DNA replication in both types of cells. Lovastatin may reduce glomerular and atherosclerotic injury through an anti-proliferative effect on mesangial and vascular smooth muscle cells, in addition to lowering circulating lipids.
Angiotensin II/pharmacology ; Animal ; Aorta/cytology/drug effects ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelins/pharmacology ; Glomerular Mesangium/cytology/*drug effects ; Lovastatin/*pharmacology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology/*drug effects ; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Thymidine/metabolism

Primary chondrosarcoma of the heart and its metastasis to the brain is extremely rare. We describe the case ofa patient who underwent resection of cardiac chon-drosarcoma only to relapse with brain metastasis two yearslater. MR images showed that these metastatic tumors were slightly hypointense relative to the brain onT1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. The masses were highly enhanced. Peritumoraledema appeared less extens ive and the focal cystic portion was seen within the mass, corresponding to myxoid degeneration.
Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Chondrosarcoma* ; Heart ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the two prosthesis that used for total ankle arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Sept. 2003 to Jun 2006, 13 patients and 14 ankles that could be follow up more than 1 months. Semiconstrained type (Group I, 7 cases) and Unconstrained type (Group II, 7 cases) were used for total ankle arthroplasty. Mean age was 63.2 year-old, 12 ankles are men and 2 ankles were women. Mean follow up periods were 29 months. The criteria to compare the clinical result were postoperative range of motion, AOFAS score and residual bone stock of medial malleolus. RESULTS: Postoperative range of motion of group I was 43.6+/-9.4 degrees and of group II was 50.7+/-7.3 degrees (p=0.115). Postoperative AOFAS score of group I was 77.1+/-13.0 points and of group II was 86.0+/-5.7 points (p=0.094). Resected bone stock in medial malleolus of group I was 10.7+/-2.5 mm and of group II was 5.1+/-1.2 mm (p=0.003). Total number of complication in our study was 9 cases. 3 cases were a malleolar fracture, two occurred at intra-operation, the other at follow-up period. Re-operation was done in 6 cases, 3 cases were calcaneal corrective osteotomy, 2 cases were resection of a heterotopic bone and one case was pedicular flap operation for skin problem. CONCLUSION: In our hospital, mobile bearing type prosthesis shows good result than a semiconstrained type in respect of residual bone stock in medial malleolus. Postoperative range of motion and AOFAS score between two groups shows no significant difference. But small number of patients and short term follow up period is a defect in our study, afterward more population and long term follow up period are needed.
Ankle* ; Arthroplasty* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Male ; Mobile Health Units ; Osteotomy ; Prostheses and Implants ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Skin

STUDY DESIGN: Research using radiographic findings. OBJECTIVES: To compare spinopelvic parameters in detail between normal subjects and those who had bilateral gonarthrosis with or without spondylosis. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: The relationship between knee joint flexion contracture and hypolordosis in the lumbar spine has been well established. However, spinopelvic parameters in subjects with gonarthrosis without flexion contracture have not been well described in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven male subjects in their 60s with bilateral gonarthrosis over Kellgren-Lawrence grade III were included. They were subdivided into the KS group (with spinal osteoarthritis, n=32) and the KN group (without spinal osteoarthritis, n=25). Normal asymptomatic subjects without disease in their back or leg were analyzed as the control group (NN; n=84). The following spinopelvic parameters were measured and compared; C7 plumbline (C7PL), thoracic kyphosis (TK), thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), lumbar lordosis (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), and pelvic incidence (PI). RESULTS: In the KS group, the C7PL was significantly anteriorly displaced compared to the KN group (1.7±4.5 cm vs. −0.6±2.9 cm, p=0.031) and the NN group (1.7±4.5 cm vs. −0.5±2.9 cm, p=0.014). TK in the KN group was significantly smaller than in the NN group (25.4±8.8° vs. 30.1±8.3°, p=0.041). The KS group had the smallest value of LL, while the NN group had the largest value of LL (−23.2±48.7° vs. −44.9±33.8° vs. −57.3±8.5°, p<0.001). No significant difference was observed in PI, SS, or PT among the 3 groups. A strong correlation was found between LL and SS in the NN group (R=−0.776, p<0.01), while this correlation was moderate in the KN group (R=−0.355, p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Overall balance was maintained in the subjects who had gonarthrosis without spinal osteoarthritis. Subjects with gonarthrosis showed less LL, especially if they had spinal osteoarthritis. Further studies are needed to characterize the differences in these pelvic parameters, and to evaluate changes in individuals with knee joint flexion contracture.
Animals ; Contracture ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Kyphosis ; Leg ; Lordosis ; Male ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteoarthritis, Spine ; Spine ; Spondylosis