The posterior surgical approach allows certain operations on the upper urinary tract to be performed more rapidly, with optimum exposure and with diminished morbidity. In particular, the lumbotomy incision was excellent for open renal biopsy, simple nephrectomy for benign disease, pyelolithotomy, nephropexy, pyeloplasty and upper third ureterolithotomy. Twenty four patients underwent pyelolithotomy or upper ureterolithotomy through the dorsovertical lumbotomy approach, and the intraoperative and postoperative course were compared to the patients operated upon using the standard flank incision. Our analysis established the superiority of the dorsovertical lumbotomy incision for all factors evaluated, especially postoperative analgesic use and ambulation, hospital stay.
Biopsy ; Calculi* ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Nephrectomy ; Urinary Calculi ; Urinary Tract* ; Walking

Adrenal cyst is a rare pathologic lesion in all patients which can pose difficult problems in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Most are small and found incidentally on autopsy. We report one case of a large adrenal cyst in a 54-year- old female with review of the literature.
Autopsy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans

A clinical study was made on 330 cases of transurethral prostatectomy that were performed at the Department of Urology. Seoul Eulji General Hospital. Seoul and Daejeon Eulji General Hospital, Daejeon during the period from August, 1984 to July, 1992. Transurethral prostatectomy was per- formed on 309 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia and 21 cases of prostatic cancer. 1. The mean age of all patients was 67.1 years(50-85 years) and the group of seventh decade was most common (40.5% in BPH and 55% in prostatic cancer). 2. The mean weight of resected prostatic tissue was 9.7 grams(3-45 grams) and the mean length of resection time was 68.6 minutes(30-125 minutes). The mean weight of resected tissue per minute was 0.23 grams. 3. The mean duration of postoperative urethral catheter indwelling was 6.3 days(2-14 days) and the mean period of postoperative hospitalization was 8.4 days(3-19 days). 4. Total complication rate was 15.5% and complications were as follows; failure to void(4.6%) bleeding(3.9%), incontinence(2.7%), urethral stricture(1.8%), secondary resection due to in- adequate resection(1.2%), extravasation(0.9%), epididymitis(0.3%), hyponatremia(0.3%), etc. One patient was dead due to deterioration of associated disease postoperatively. 5. We undertook follow-up assessment of voiding symptom with Boyarsky symptom score system on 148 cases of BPH group. The mean obstructive and irritative symptom scores decreased 84 % and 48%, respectively. We also evaluated the urinary flow rate in 102 cases of 148 cases and the mean peak flow rate improved 98%. The observed changes in symptom score and urinary flow rate was statistically and clinically significant(p<0.01).
Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Seoul ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urinary Catheters ; Urology

PURPOSE: A Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is one of common problems during first year of life. Though milk caused allergic problems, their parents didn't know it, and gave milk to their children. But the parents don't give milk to their children if they know it. Therefore it may cause problems of growth and development in children. The purpose of this study is to analyze those clinical features of milk allergy confirmed by oral provocation test. METHODS: We carried out the retrospective study on 21 patients who had been performed oral milk provocation test at Yonsei university children's allergic clinic. RESULTS: 9 out of 21cases (43%) showed positive milk oral provocation test. The most common clinical symptom & sign was urticaria, followed by respiratory symptoms and abdominal symptoms. The rate which past history and positive skin test corresponded to oral provocation test was very high (100%). CONCLUSION: The most valuable diagnosis of food allergy is oral provocation test. However, predictive value of allergy skin test and past history was very high in milk allergy.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Milk Hypersensitivity ; Milk* ; Parents ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Tests ; Urticaria

Recently we experienced a case of mucinous prostatic adenocarcinoma treated with radical prostatectomy. The needle biopsy of indurated both lateral lobes showed prostatic adenocarcinoma. But the radical prostatectomy specimen showing a prostatic adenocarcinoma of which 90% was mucinour component.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Mucins* ; Prostate* ; Prostatectomy

Recently we experienced a case of mucinous prostatic adenocarcinoma treated with radical prostatectomy. The needle biopsy of indurated both lateral lobes showed prostatic adenocarcinoma. But the radical prostatectomy specimen showing a prostatic adenocarcinoma of which 90% was mucinour component.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Mucins* ; Prostate* ; Prostatectomy

BACKGROUND: It has been established that hypertension is characterized by a dysfunctional endothelium. Among the endothelial factors that cause vasorelaxation, nitric oxide has been most widely known, which is synthesized by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase. This study was aimed to evaluate the role of the inducible nitric oxide synthase in chronic two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. METHODS: 2K1C hypertension was made by clipping the left renal artery and age- matched rats received a sham treatment served as control. In vitro experiments were preformed on intact and endothelium-denuded isolated thoracic aortic rings from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats, in the presence of aminoguanidine alone, considered to be a selective inhibitor of the inducible nitric oxide synthase and of aminoguanidine and the nonselective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA). RESULTS: LPS treatment induced a shift to the right of concentration-response curves to norepinephrine in aortic rings with or without endothelium from sham- clipped control rats, while it did not modify in 2K1C hypertensive rats. In aortic rings with endothelium, aminoguanidine caused a significant shift of the norepinephrine concentration-response curve to the left in LPS-treated control rats, but had no effect in hypertensive rats. L-NNA caused an additional shift of the concentration-response curve to norepinephrine in both control and hypertensive rats, although the magnitude was diminished in hypertensive rats. In the endothelium-denuded rings, norepinephrine-induced contractions were enhanced by aminoguanidine in LPS- treated control rats, whereas no significant changes were observed in hypertensive rats. LPS treatment inhibited the relaxation response to acetylcholine in aortic rings from control rats, while it was without effect in hypertensive rats. L-arginine caused a dose-dependent relaxation in endothelium-denuded rings from LPS-treated rats. The relaxation response to L-arginine was attenuated by aminoguanidine in control rats, but no significant changes were noted in hypertensive rats. CONCLUSION: These results provide indirect evidence for an impaired activity of the inducible nitric oxide synthase in 2K1C hypertension, although involvement of an altered activity of constitutive nitric oxide synthase in the endothelium cannot be excluded.
Acetylcholine ; Animals ; Arginine ; Endothelium ; Hypertension ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Norepinephrine ; Placebos ; Rats* ; Relaxation ; Renal Artery ; Vasodilation

BACKGROUND/AIMS: With the advance of antibiotics and the development of newer imaging techniques, marked changes in etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of liver abscess have been reported. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical data related to 94 patients with pyogenic liver abscess. RESULTS: Of the 94 patients in the study group, the male to female ratio was 1.4:1 and the peak incidence of liver abcess was in the 7th decade. About three quaters (74.5%) of the abcesses were of unknown origin. The predominant location was in the right lobe (70.3%). Single lesion was found in 80 patients and multiple lesions in 14 patients. Pathogens were identified in 67 patients, of which Klebsiella pneumoniae (65.7%) and E. coli (16.4%) were the most common. The modalities of treatment were percutaneous drainage with antibiotics (73.4%), percutaneous aspiration with antibiotics (16.0%), or antibiotics alone (8.5%). The case fatality rate, mainly from associated underlying diseases, was 9 cases (9.6%). Associated diseases were diabetes mellitus (14.9%) and malignancy (10.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed that the most common organism was Klebsiella pneumoniae and percutaneous needle aspiration and/or catheter drainage were safe and effective treatment modalities for pyogenic liver abscess. Prognosis was determined by the underlying condition.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; English Abstract ; Female ; Humans ; *Liver Abscess, Pyogenic/microbiology/pathology/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged