To knew the prevalence and nature of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in a community. we evaluated 13,678 cases(M; 12.198 cases, F; 1,480 cases) that visited to the Department of Health Service. Kang Nam General Hospital from April to October, 1992 for annual physical examination. For the detection of hematuria urine dipstick test was done. and then urine microscopy was done in cases with positive dipstick test (262 cases). Hematuria was defined as 3 or more RBCs/HPF on microscopic examination of the urinary sediment(189 cases). Repeated urinalysis was done in cases with 3-4 RBCs/HPF (30 cases). And in cases with 5 or more RBCs/HPF on urine microscopy, excretory urography(105 cases) was primarily checked and in addition, renal ultrasonography. cystoscopy. RGP. urine culture. urine cytology. serum IgA, C3. C4 were performed for investigation ofThe results were as follows: I. Prevalence of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria was 1.38% and significantly increased with age (p<0.01). 2. Urologic abnormalities associated with hematuria were identified in 23 cases (21.9 %)-6 cases of renal stone. 4 cases of BPH. 4 cases of UPJ stricture, 3 cases or cystitis, 2 cases of ureteral stone. 1 case or ureteral stricture. nephroptosis. renal cyst. renal tuberculosis. S. In 82 cases, urologic abnormalities could not be found and then serum IgA. C3 C4 checked in 36 cases among these. IgA was increased in 21 cases (58.3%). From the above result. the causes of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults could not be found in 78.1% and serious urologic diseases tumor and so on) were almost not found. We conclude that in order to obtain the detection of accurate prevalence and various urologic diseases. repeatedurine dipstick test and long-term followup in larger populations would be needed, and that screening test for the evaluation of hematuria would consist of performing excretory urography only in relative young adults and excretory urography with selective urine cytology after age 50 years.
Adult* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Cystitis ; Cystoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health Services ; Hematuria* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Mass Screening ; Microscopy ; Physical Examination ; Prevalence* ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ultrasonography ; Ureter ; Urinalysis ; Urography ; Urologic Diseases ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is a well known cause of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU). No other microorganism has been shown to cause any larger proportion of the remaining NGU cases. As a possible causative organism of NGU, we wanted to evaluate the detection rate of Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) and its role in NGU using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). MATERIALS AND METHDS: From June 1998 to July 2000, we examined a total of 116 men. Of these men 70 had symptoms and signs compatible with urethritis and 46 were for normal control. In the patient group, two urethral discharge or swab specimens were collected. One was used for Gram stain to detect Gram negative intracellular diplocci. The other was subjected to PCR for C. trachomatis and M. genitalium. In the control group, urethral swab specimen was used to detect C. trachomatis and M. genitalium by PCR based assay. RESULTS: Gonococcal urethritis (GU) was diagnosed in 14 cases (20.0%). Detection rates of M. genitalium and C. trachomatis in urethritis group were 8.6% (6/70), 18.6% (13/70). M. genitalium and C. trachomatis were detected in 7.1% (1/14), 14.3% (2/14) of GU and 8.9% (5/56), 19.6% (11/56) of NGU. Detection rate of M. genitalium in chlamydia-negative NGU was 11.1% (5/45). No patient positive for M. genitalium had a simultaneous chlamydia infection. In control group with no urethral symptom or sign, M. genitalium and C. trachomatis were not detected at all. Compared with chlamydia- positive NGU, M. genitalium-positive urethritis exhibited higher recurrence rate. CONCLUSIONS: M. genitalium was detected in 8.9% of NGU and 11.1% of non-chlamydia NGU. This study suggests that M. genitalium may be one of the causative organisms in NGU. Further studies will be necessary to define its role in NGU.
Chlamydia Infections ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Humans ; Male ; Mycoplasma genitalium* ; Mycoplasma* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recurrence ; Urethritis*

No abstract available.
Thorax* ; Ventilators, Mechanical*

True hermaphroditism is characterized by the coexistence of testicular and ovarian tissue. Authors experienced a case of true hermaphroditism which was confirmed an ovary in the left abdomen and testis in the right scrotum with a karyotype of 46, XX,47, XXY and report this case with the brief review of literatures.
Abdomen ; Female ; Karyotype* ; Ovary ; Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development* ; Scrotum ; Testis

Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate acid phosphatase (PAP) were measured in 106 patients including 9 patients with prostate cancer, 63 patients with BPH. and 34 normal control group free of prostate disorders. The mean PSA value was 61.14+/-43.87 ng/ml for prostate cancer, 6.07+/-5.57 ng/ml for BPH and 1.42+/-0.98 ng/ml for normal control group, and the mean PAP value was 9.81+/-10.16 ng/ml for prostate cancer, 1.58+/-2.36ng/ml for BPH and 1.00+/-0.17 ng/ml for normal control group. The positive rates of PSA were 78% for prostate cancer, 22% for BPH and 0% for normal control group, and those of PAP were 67% for prostate cancer, 6% for BPH and 0% for normal control group. The sensitivity and specificity for PSA were 78%, respectively. We conclude that PSA may be a useful tool for detection and therapeutic monitoring of the prostatic cancer.
Acid Phosphatase ; Adenocarcinoma* ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Between August 1993 and Apri1 1994, intrarenal arterial color duplex Doppler sonography was performed on 55 patients(110 kidneys) with acute ureteral obstruction and 12 patients(24 kidneys) with painless ureteral obstruction by unilateral ureteral stones to assess renal hemodynamic changes and its clinical applications. The mean resistive index(RI) of the doppler waveforms obtained on the acutely obstructed 55 kidneys(0.663+/-0.055) was significantly higher than that of the contralateral normal kidneys (0.613+/-0.052) (P<0.05). We found no RI difference between the contralateral normal 55 kidneys(mean: 0.613+/-0.052) in patients with acute ureteral obstruction and the painless obstructed 12 kidneys(mean: 0.595+/-0.029). In the acutely obstructed 55 kidneys, the mean RI of the upper pole(0.674+/-0.054) was significantly higher than that of the mid portion(0.661+/-0.064) or the lower pole(0.654+/-0.065,r<0.05). No difference of the RI was found between the hydronephrotic 31 kidneys(mean: 0.671+/-0.063) and nonhydronephrotic 24 kidneys(mean: 0.65+/-0.041) in the acutely obstructed 55 kidneys(P>0.05). There was no correlation between the levels of ureteral obstruction and intrarenal RI values(P>0.05). The RIs of 3 significantly obstructed kidneys decreased after relief of obstruction. We conclude that the RI is easily obtained and measured, and it would provide important physiological informations on renal vascular impedance in acute ureteral obstruction. Renal doppler findings could be the one of the criteria for assessing the upper urinary tract obstruction.
Electric Impedance ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Ultrasonography, Doppler ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction* ; Urinary Tract

Wegener's granulomatosis is a disease of unknown etiology that is characterized by the clinicopathologic complex of necrotixing granulomatous vasculitis of the upper and lower respiratory tract, glomerulonephritis, and variable degrees of small vessel vasculitis. Recently Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA) has been reported to be a highly specific test for the diagnosis of Wegener's granulomatosis. We have experienced a patient of Wegener's granulomatosis in a 11 year old girl who was admitted with complaints f arthralgia, hematuria, convulsion and associated with otitis media and sinusitis. Serologic test of C-ANCA was positive and histologic findings of the kidney showed crescentic glomerulonephritis with sclerosis and surrounding infiltration of multinucleated giant cells. Patient was treated with pulse methylprednisolone without improvement. The clinical course progressed rapidly and expired due to the renal failure, gastrointestinal bleeding and status epilepticus. A brief review of literatures was made.
Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic* ; Arthralgia ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Glomerulonephritis ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney ; Methylprednisolone ; Otitis Media ; Renal Insufficiency ; Respiratory System ; Sclerosis ; Seizures ; Serologic Tests ; Sinusitis ; Status Epilepticus ; Vasculitis ; Wegener Granulomatosis*

Urolithiasis is one of the most common urologic disease encountered in the emergency room and nearly all are associated with gross or microscopic hematuria, but sometimes without any evidence of blood in the urine. We retrospectively reviewed 149 patients who underwent intravenous urogram (IVU) among 226 patients who presented with flank pain to the Kang Nam General Hospital emergency department from January 1995 to June 1996. We then investigated the incidence and characteristics of negative hematuria (<3RBC/HPF) in patients with urinary tract stone diagnosed by IVU. 133 patients (89.3%) among the 149 patients were diagnosed as urinary stone, and the stone predictability based on hematuria positive and negative result of urinalysis was 89.8% (123/137) and 83.3% (10/12), respectively. Among the 133 urinary stone patients, 123 (92.5%) patients had positive urinalysis and 10 (7.5%) patients had negative urinalysis. The incidence of negative hematuria based on urinalysis alone was 7.5%. They were consisted of KUB positive in 10 cases (100%), upper and lower tract stone in 3 and 7 cases respectively, 5mm in average size of the stone, and severe obstruction in 8 cases (80%). The incidence of negative hematuria based on the combination of urinalysis and urine dip-stick test (UDT) was 5.3%. No statistically significant differences were observed in clinical factors of stone history, duration of pain, positive KUB, stone size and negative UDT result between negative and positive hematuria group. But we found a statistically significant difference in clinical factor of severe obstruction. The overall incidence of negative hematuria in patients with urinary stone presenting to the emergency room was relatively low (7.5% in urinalysis only, 5.3% combined with UDT), but hematuria negative group showed more significant severe obstruction rates than positive hematuria group. Moreover, there was no significant difference in stone predictability between two groups. Therefore, in patients with flank pain and hematuria negative at emergency room, IVU should carefully be proceeded by physician.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinalysis ; Urinary Calculi* ; Urolithiasis ; Urologic Diseases

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) were performed in three patients with atherosclerotic stenosis of subclavian arteries. The arteries were successfully dilated without complications during the procedure. All patients were asymptomatic during follow-up periods ranging from eight months to fifteen months after PTA.
Angioplasty* ; Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Subclavian Artery*

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. All patients with ulcers who are infected with H. pylori receive antimicrobial therapy. Therefore diagnosis of H. pylori infection is imperative for the treatment gastritis or ulcer patients. We evaluated the four diagnostic methods and three culture media for the isolation of H. pylori. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rapid urease test(CLO test), modified Gram stain, culture, and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed with 108 gastroscopic biopsy specimens from patients with peptic ulcer or chronic gastritis. Among them 40 specimens were inoculated onto each of 5% sheep blood agar, e99 Yolk emulsion (EYE) agar, and 7% horse blood agar containing antibiotics. RESULTS: The positive rates were the highest by the PCR(72%), 67% by modified Gram stain, 64% by CLO test, and 57% by culture. Among the three media the horse blood agar (selective medial) gave the highest isolation rate (48%), followed by sheep blood agar (45%), and EYE agar (38%). CONCLUSION: Though PCR was the most sensitive method for the detection H. pylori modified Gram stain was sensitive enough, simple, rapid, and economical as the routine diagnostic method of H. pylori. For the culture of H. pylori combination of sheep blood agar as nonselective media and horse blood agar as selective media would show the highest isolation rate.
Agar ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biopsy* ; Culture Media* ; Diagnosis ; Gastritis ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Horses ; Humans ; Peptic Ulcer ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sheep ; Ulcer ; Urease