PURPOSE: We designed this study to determine the potentiality of the conventional CT in the diagnosis of submandibular gland lesions, especially in solving the diagnostic difficulty between neoplasm and inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed retrospective study of 35 patients and 2 of them had bilateral lesion of chronic inflammation, hence we analysed 37 cases of submandibular gland lesions. There were 9 cases of tumor (including 1 basal cell carcinoma, and 8 pleomorphic adenomas), 22 cases of chronic inflammation, and 6 cases of acute inflammation. CT scans were evaluated for the degree of enlargement (graded as iso, mild or marked enlargement), pattern of contrast enhancement, contour deformity of the gland, and several other items. RESULTS: Neoplastic masses showed more marked enlargement of the gland (77%) than chronic inflammation (22%). Degree of enhancement showed no difference among the lesions. Enhancement pattern was more inhomogeneous in neoplasm (80%) than in chronic inflammation (5%). Deformity of the natural contour of the gland was more frequent in neoplasm (all of 9 cases) than in chronic inflammation (32%). Acute inflammation showed internal low attenuation probably by abscess formation (3/6 cases) and overlying soft tissue swelling (all of 6 cases), and the age of patients was characteristically younger than other diseases (mean, 9 years). Several findings were more specific to diseases, such as dystrophic calcifications to pleomorphic adenoma (37%) and calculi with or without ductal dilatation to chronic inflammation (45%). CONCLUSION: Pre and postcontrast enhanced CT scan can serve as a predictor of pathologic nature of the submandibular gland lesions.
Abscess ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Calculi ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Retrospective Studies ; Submandibular Gland* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Rhinoplasty*

No abstract available.
Hepatolenticular Degeneration*

The most common ocular finding of the idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) is superficial retinal hemorrhages in both eyes. But the descriptions of new vessel on the optic disc(NVD) associated with ITP are scarcely found in literatures. A 17-year-old girl who managed for ITP complained of visual distrubance of the right eye and floaters of the left eye. On fundoscopy the right eye was failed to examine due to thick vitreous hemorrhage and the left eye showed NVD and preretinal hemorrhage. After panretinal photocoagulation of the left eye, NVD was regressed.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor on in vitro development of 1-cell ICR mouse embryo. MATERIALS AND METHOD: ICR mice were superovulated with PMSG/hCG and 1-cell stage mouse embryos were recruited. 1-cell mouse embryo were cocultured on human oviductal cells in a CO2 incubator (coculture group) and were cultured on 0.4% BSA+HTF media (control group). And anti-hLIF Ab was added the cocultured group in a different concentration (1pg, 10pg, 100pg, 1ng) and developmental rate was compaired to the control group, and rhLIF was added to the preincubated 0.4% BSA+HTF media in a different concentration (2000U, 1000U, 100U, 10U) and its developmental rate was compaired to group which was cultured on 0.4% BSA+HTF media only. RESULT: 1. The cleavage rate of 2-cell mouse embryo co-cultured with human tubal epithelial cell was significantly higher than that of cultured with media alone (HTF with 0.4% BSA) (p<0.05). 2. When LIF antibody was added to the medium with human tubal epitherlial cell, the mouse embryo could not cleave more than 2-cell in 1 ng of LIF antibody, and less than 1 ng, the cleavage rate was lower than cultured without LIF antibody group(p<0.05). 3. Two cell blocked ICR mouse embryos were developed into four cells under LIF(p<0.05), but no further development was observed. CONCLUSIONS: These results shows that LIF enhances the development of preimplantation embryo, and when rhLIF is applicated in vitro, it has positive effects on the development of early mouse embryo and can help overcoming the two-cell block.
Animals ; Blastocyst* ; Coculture Techniques* ; Embryonic Structures ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Incubators ; Leukemia Inhibitory Factor* ; Leukemia* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Oviducts

Partial Trisomy of 3p (Trisomy of 3p2, dup (3) (p23-->pter)) is a characteristic syndrome of chromosomal duplication of distal part of 3p, but breakpoints seem to vary in location. This syndrome shows multiple congenital anomalies with severe mental retardation, characteristic craniofacial change and absence of other gross external abnormalities. The craniofacial dysmorphism includes frontal bossing and temporal indentation, square face, marked hypertelorism, thick and short nose, full lips and a large mouth with downturned corners. Congenital heart defect, most frequently ASD and VSD, are found in most patients. In the majority of patients, the 3p2 duplication is the unbalanced product of a parental autosomal translocation involving 3p2 and another chromosome. We report a case of female baby who has facial dysmorphism, ASD and hyptonia and was found to have 3p2 duplidation (46XX-9, +der(9)t (3:9)(p23:p24)) by chromosomal analysis. Also we found her father was a carrier of blanced translocation of 3p2 and chromosome 9p (46XY, t(3:9)(p23:p24)).
Chromosome Duplication ; Fathers ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Hypertelorism ; Intellectual Disability ; Lip ; Mouth ; Nose ; Parents ; Trisomy*

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is the major cause of heavy menstrual bleeding during reproductive years and impacts on women's health both medically and socially. The pathophysiology of DUB is largely unknown but occurs in both ovulatory and anovulatory menstrual cycles. Medical treatments include tranexamic acid, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, combined oral contraceptives, progesterone, danazol, and GnRH analogue. Surgical treatments include endometrial ablation and hysterectomy. Since none of the treatments for DUB is superior to one of the others, and since all treatments have their advantages and disadvantages, counselling and management of patients with DUB should incorporate medical approach, levonorgestrel releasing IUD, endometrial ablation and hysterectomy.
Contraceptives, Oral, Combined ; Danazol ; Endometrial Ablation Techniques ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Levonorgestrel ; Menstrual Cycle ; Metrorrhagia* ; Progesterone ; Tranexamic Acid ; Women's Health

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of chromosomal or genetic causes of primary amenorrhea, and was made to assess the etiology of disorders in those patients whose chromosome appeared normal. Sixty eight patients with primary amenorrhea were evaluated clinically and cytogenetically, which were refered to our Cytogenetic Laboratory in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University Hospital, from Aug. 1988 to Dec. 1996. The results were as follows. l. Out of 68 cases with primary amenorrhea, 40 cases (58.9%) had the normal chromosome constitutions and 28 cases (41.1%) had the abnormal chromosome constitutions including 46, XY. 2. Turner's syndrome was found in 25 cases (36.7%), consisting of 11 cases (16.1%) of 45, X, 3 cases (4.3%) of 46, X, i (Xq), 1 case (1.5%) of 46, X, inv (X), 1 case (1.5%) of 46, X, del (Xq), 1 case (1.5%) of 46, X, del (Xp), 1 case (1.5%) of 46, X, tel (Xq), 1 case (1.5%) of 45, X/46, XX, 1 case (1.5%) of 45, X/46, XY, 1 case (1.5%) of 45, X/47, XXX, 2 cases (2.9%) of 45, X/46, X, del (Xq), I case (1.5%) of 45, X/46, X, del (Xq), 1 case (1.5%) of 45, X/46, X, r (X). 3. 3 cases (4.3%) had the 46, XY chromosome constitution consisting of 2 cases (2.9%) of testicular feminization syndrome and 1 case (1.5%) of pure gonadal dysgenesis. 4. Among 40 patients whose chromosome are normal, the etiologies of amenorrhea were assumed to be caused by 11 cases (27.5%) of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (idiopathic), 10 cases (25.0%) of congenital absence of vagina, 5 cases (12.5%) of pure gonadal dysgenesis in order of frequency.
Amenorrhea* ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome ; Busan ; Constitution and Bylaws ; Cytogenetics* ; Female ; Gonadal Dysgenesis ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Male ; Obstetrics ; Turner Syndrome ; Vagina

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the isolation methods of inner cell mass from mouse blastocyst, types of feeder cells and treatment time of mitomycin C on the formation rate of ICM colony. METHODS: The inner cells were isolated by conventional immunosurgery, partial trophoblast dissection with syringe needles and whole blastocyst co-culture method. Commercially available STO and primary cultured mouse embryonic fibroblast (pMEF) feeder cells were used, and mitomycin C was treated for 1, 2 or 3 hours, respectively. The formation rate of ICM colony was observed after isolation of ICM and culture of ICM on the feeder cells for 7 days. RESULT: The ICM colony formation rate on STO were significantly higher in partial trophoblast dissection group (58%) than that in immunosurgery (12%) or whole blastocyst culture (16%) group (p<0.05). The formation rate on pMEF feeder layer was higher in partial trophoblast dissection (88%) and whole blastocyst culture (82%) group than that in immunosurgery (16%) group (p<0.05). When mitomycin C treated to pMEF for 2 hours, the formation rate of 88% was significantly higher than those of other conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Above results showed that the efficient isolation method of ICM from blastocyst was the partial trophoblast dissection and the appropriate treatment time of mitomycin C was 2 hours. However, the subculture of ICM colony and characterization of stem cells should be carried out to confirm the efficacy of the partial trophoblast dissection method.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Coculture Techniques ; Feeder Cells* ; Fibroblasts ; Mice* ; Mitomycin* ; Needles ; Stem Cells ; Syringes ; Trophoblasts