No abstract available.
Animals ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Rats* ; Reperfusion Injury* ; Reperfusion*

Authors observed the 242 patients who were treated with hyperbaric oxygenation therapy from September, 1972 to May, 1978 at our department of B.N.U.H. The results were as follows. 1) Sex distribution was 106 male and 136 female, and the age group was between 10 and 39 year old, which occupied 71. l% of the total cases (172 cases). 2) With regard to distribution by month, 206 cases were in November to April, using coal briquette as the main fuel of heating systems. 3) The patients with CO intoxication were 232 cases(95. 9%) and the other 10 cases included Buergers disease, gas gangrene, sudden deafness and uncommon dermatologic disorder's such as scleroderma and pyoderma gangrenosum. 4) 188 cases(77. 7%) were treated by one time hyperbaric oxygenation therapy and 30 cases(12. 4%) twice, reflecting that most cases were able to be treated only once or twice by hyperbaric oxygenation therapy. Therapy 10 to 49 times was applied to Buerger's disease and sudden deafness, and over 50 times to 2 cases of dermatologic disorders. 5) We could not notice convulsion due to oxygen toxicity, a complication of hyperbaric oxygenation, but tinnitus and aspiration pneumonia were observed in 6 cases(2. 5%).
Clinical Study* ; Coal ; Female ; Gas Gangrene ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation* ; Male ; Oxygen ; Pneumonia, Aspiration ; Pyoderma Gangrenosum ; Seizures ; Sex Distribution ; Thromboangiitis Obliterans ; Tinnitus

We report a case of a patient with lung cancer, which invaded the left atrium and pericardium. Right middle and lower lobectomy was performed with the use of the extracorporeal circulation. Postoperative pathologic examination revealed the stage of IIIB (T4N1M0). Although the postoperative clinical course was complicated by acute localized right sided pulmonary edema and the bronchopleural fistula, the patient recovered smoothly after the procedure of omentopexy with pedicled graft of greater omentum in closing the BPF. As of August 2003, he has been followed up for 6 years and he is healthy without any evidence of recurrence. We could not find any report concerning lung cancer resection using cardiopulmonary bypass in Korean literature and believe this is the first report, especially with long-term survival.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Extracorporeal Circulation* ; Fistula ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Omentum ; Pericardium ; Pulmonary Edema ; Recurrence ; Transplants

The authors have experience with a convulsive and comatoae patient who had intravenous regional anesthesia with 15ml of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride (total 300 mg). These complications were developed after sudden deflation of a pneumatic tourniquet, at the completion of debridement and pin fixation for traumatic open fracture on the right middle and ring fingers in a local clinic. This patient was treated at the I.C.U. of Busan National University Hospital without any other sequela. The authors re-emphasize the dangerous risks such as convulsions or even cardiac arrest when using a high concentration of lidocaine hydrochloride in intravenous regional anesthesia, as performed frequently.
Anesthesia, Conduction* ; Busan ; Coma* ; Debridement ; Fingers ; Fractures, Open ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Lidocaine* ; Seizures ; Tourniquets

The authors analyzed 508 cases of geriatric anesthesia over 60 years of age out of 12, 153 cases of total anesthesia performed from January, 1970 to December, 1977 at our department of B.N.U.H. and the results were obtained as follows. 1) Of the total 12 153 cases508 cases (4. 2%) were over 60 years of age, and these were subdivided into 303 male(59.7%) and 205 female (40. 3%). 2) Among the 508 cases of geriatric patients, age distributions were 397 cases(78.2%) in the age group of 60-69,93(18.3%)in 70-79 and 18(3.5%) in over 80. 3) The techniques of anesthesia were 311 cases(61.0%) of general anesthesia, 188(37.2%) of spinal and 9(1.8%) of the combination of these two. 4) The anesthetics were halothane 182 cases(35. 8%), tetracaine 197(38. 8%), diethyl ether 78(15. 4%), nitrous oxide 34(6. 7%) and methoxyflurane 17(3. 3%). 5) In the section of surgery, 190 cases(37.4%) were General Surgery, 116(22.8) Urology, 53(10. 4%) OrthOpedic Sulgery, alld 42(8. 3%) Ophthalmology in order of numbers. 6) For the duration of anesthesia, 334 cases(65. 8%) were in 1 to 3 hours, 70(13. 8%) within 4 hours, 56(11. 0%) within 1 hour and 48(9. 4%) over 4 hours. 7) Operation on head-neck were 122 cases(24. 0%) chest-upper abdomen 150(29. 5%), lower abdomen 104(20.5%), perineum 81(15. 9%) and extremities 51(10.1%). 8) Elective operations(327 cases, 64.4%) versus emergency(181 cases, 35.6%) was about 1.8: 1.
Abdomen ; Age Distribution ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Clinical Study* ; Ether ; Extremities ; Female ; Halothane ; Humans ; Methoxyflurane ; Nitrous Oxide ; Ophthalmology ; Orthopedics ; Perineum ; Tetracaine ; Urology

PURPOSE: The purpose is to evaluate the CT or MRI findings to help in the differentiation between benign and malignant meningiomas. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The CT and MRI findings of 8 patients with surgically proven malignant meningioma were reviewed. Four cases of 8 malignant meningiomas and 18 cases of 27 benign lesions were studied with a 1.5T or 0.5T MRI. Radiologic analysis was focused on the heterogeneity of tumor, grade of peritumoral edema, presence of cystic degeneration and calcification, tumoral enhancement pattern, dural enhancement, and tumoral border. RESULT: Histologic types of malignant meningioma were meningotheliomatous (n=4), papillary(n=1), fibroblastic(n=l), angioblastic(n=l), and sarcomatous(n=l). Tumoral Heterogeneity was seen in 8 of 8 malignant lesions(100%) and 8 of 27 benign ones(30%). (p<0.01) Marked peritumoral edema was seen in 8 of 8 malignant lesions(100%) and 2 of 27 benign ones. (7.3%)(p<0.01) Most of malignant lesions(6 of 8 cases, 75%) showed ill defined border. Calcification was not present in malignant lesions in contrast with benign ones (14 of 27 cases, 52%). (p<0.05) No statistical significance was noted in cystic degeneration, dural tail like enhancement or tumoral enhancement pattern between malignant and benign meningiomas. MRI signal intensity of malignant meningiomas was homogeneously or heterogeneously hypointense on T1WI, heterogeneously isointense or hypointense on T2WI and heterogeneous or mixed on Gd-DTPA enhancement study. CONCLUSION: The CT or MRI findings such as heterogeneity, ill defined tumoral border, marked peritumoral edema, and absence of calcification may suggest the possibility of malignancy in meningioma.
Edema ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meningioma* ; Population Characteristics

No abstract available.
Neurons*

Hydrocephalus, which is one of the major complications following intracranial aneurysm operations, can prevent patients from improvement of consciousness, symptoms and signs that can be expected after operation. Whenever there is no evidence of appreciable improvement after intracranial aneurysm operation, follow-up brain CT scannings will reveal the development of hydrocephalus. And also radioisotope cisternography and clinical findings could be clarified as Glasgow coma scale(GCS) and Hunt & Hess classification, which will help clinicians making a decision on shunt operation. Among 183 patients of subarachnoiod hemorrhage admitted, 92 patients were operated on due to intracranial aneurysms. Nine patients(9.8%) of them were underwent shunt operations because of hydrocephalus following intracranial aneurysm operations. Eight patients showed improvement of clinical findings and 9 patients have been improved according to GCS score.
Aneurysm ; Brain ; Classification ; Coma ; Consciousness ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Cerebral autoregulation is the mainternance of a constant cerebral blood flow over a wide range of cerebral perfusion pressure. But irreversible hypoxic brain damage may occur as a consequence of such diverse conditions as lung and heart disease, shock, seizure or an episode of severe hypotension, and is potential hazard to any patient undergoing general anesthesia. The ultimate degree of neurological recovery may range from brain death and vegetative state to minor psychiatric disturbance and even normality, and is determined by the severity of the initial stress and wheather or not adequate resuscitation was commenced before irreversible brain damage. We performed an experiment to determine the protective effect of the calcium channel blocker nimodipine on the neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia in a rat model. The result were as follows: 1) Mean arterial pressure decreased more significantly in the nimodipine-treated group than the saline-treated group (p<0.01). 2) With respect to the degree of neuronal damage following cerebral ischemia, it decreased more significantly in the nimodipine-treated group than the saline-treated group (p<0.01).
Anesthesia, General ; Arterial Pressure ; Brain ; Brain Death ; Brain Ischemia* ; Calcium Channels ; Heart Diseases ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Hypoxia, Brain ; Lung ; Models, Animal ; Neurons* ; Nimodipine* ; Perfusion ; Persistent Vegetative State ; Resuscitation ; Seizures ; Shock

PURPOSE: Serum alkaline phosphatase (sALP) levels show great variation with age and sex in children and adolescents. We aimed to study pediatric age- and sex-specific reference ranges for sALP and how the pattern changed according to age . METHODS: Cross-sectional results from 1366 healthy Korean children and adolescents (10-19.9 years) from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. We constructed age- and sex-specific reference data for sALP with a Hitachi Automatic Analyzer 7600 using Pureauto S ALP. We assessed its peak both in relation to age. RESULTS: Reference values for sALP according to age were constructed. Peak sALP levels were found at 12-13 years in boys (P < 0.001). Total sALP levels decreased to the adult level at the age of 17 in boys and 15 in girls, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study provides reference values for sALP by age for Korean children and adolescents. This normative data that includes upper and lower limits will provide a basis from which to better evaluate sALP levels, especially for bone disorders such as rickets and vitamin D deficiency. However, caution should be made in interpreting sALP levels because different buffers might lead to different values in the same serum.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Buffers ; Child ; Humans ; Nutrition Surveys ; Reference Values ; Rickets ; Sex Characteristics ; Vitamin D Deficiency