No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Adolescent ; Humans ; Personal Satisfaction ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Biomarkers*

The pillages of the Korean rural villages by force under the rule of Japanese imperialism resulted in the extreme impoverishment of the Korean agricultural communities. Especially this was accelerated due to starvation, ignorance and the poor sanitary conditions on the part of the Korean farmers. The research institute of agricultural community hygiene founded by a Korean doctor, Young Choon Lee was the beginning of the rural medical institute that contributed greatly to the disease prevention and health improvements of impoverished farmers.
Academies and Institutes/*history ; Agriculture/*history ; Colonialism/*history ; English Abstract ; History of Medicine, 20th Cent. ; Japan ; Korea ; Poverty/*history ; Public Health/*history ; Rural Health/*history ; War/*history

BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet B(UVB) light, which can cause severe damage like induction and promotion of cancer, cutaneous inflammation and immunosuppression, represents one of the most important environmental impacts for humans. Keratinocytes are natural target cells of UVB in humans. NF-kB plays a role in the cell of the immune system, where it controls the expression of various cytokines and the major histocompatibility complex gene. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of UVB on the NF-kB and AP-1 activity in cultured human keratinocytes and fibroblasts. METHODS: Keratinocyte and fibroblast cultures were produced with DMEM medium. Cells were irradiated for 100J/m, 200J/m, 300 J/m. and Nuclear proteins were extracted. AP-1 and NF-kB activities were measured by the gel shift mobility assay. RESULTS: Gel shift mobility assay. 1. The NFkB activity was increased upon UVB in a dose dependent manner in the keratinocyte. 2. Enhanced levels of AP-1 binding activity in the radiated extracts frorn human skin keratinocytes were detected. 3. The levels of GRE (glucocorticoid responsive element) binding activity were similar in both radiated and unradiated extracts from fibroblasts and keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS: The activities of NF-aB and AP-1 are increased following stimulation of a cell with UVB irradiation. Therefore, UV induced skin tumors, abnormal cell proliferation, cutaneous inflammation and immunosuppression, may be due to these transcriptional factors.
Cell Proliferation ; Cytokines ; Fibroblasts* ; Humans* ; Immune System ; Immunosuppression ; Inflammation ; Keratinocytes* ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; NF-kappa B* ; Nuclear Proteins ; Skin ; Transcription Factor AP-1*

Ota's nevus is a mongolian spot-like macular blue-black or gray-brown patchy pigmentation that most commonly occurs unilaterally in areas innervated by the first and second division of the trigeminal nerve. We report a case of Ota's nevus treated by combination therapy with cryosurgery and a Q-switched Alexandrite laser. A 48-year-old female had had a type III Ota's nevus from birth. Cryosurgery was tried at first using hard chalk dry ice on the lesion of the forehead and cheek. After that, The Q-switched Alexandrite laser was used three times at twelve week intervals at the site of the eyelid. Good therapeutic effects were gained and our patient was very satisfied. There were no complications or scarring. A Biopsy of the area treated revealed a similar histological pattern with significantly less melanin indicating melanin removal. Combination therapy with cryosurgery and an Alexandrite laser on the Ota's nevus may be cheaper, more effective and a safer method. It may also reduce the limitation of the two methods when used individually.
Biopsy ; Calcium Carbonate ; Cheek ; Cicatrix ; Cryosurgery* ; Dry Ice ; Eyelids ; Female ; Forehead ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Melanins ; Middle Aged ; Nevus of Ota* ; Parturition ; Pigmentation ; Trigeminal Nerve

Constrictive pericarditis is caused by fibrosis of the pericardium leading to decrease in ventricular compliance. The diagnosis is often delayed due to nonspecific signs and symptoms. The authors experienced eight cases of constrictive pericarditis detected on chest CT scan while being treated for considerable length of time under the clinical impressions of intrathoracic tumor, tuberculous pleural effusion, liver cirrhosis, etc. Constrictive hemodynamics of these patients were confirmed by echocardiogram and cardiac catheterization. Among them five cases were due to tuberculosis. In four cases with pathologically proven tuberculous granuloma, the pericardium was markedly thickened and intensely enhanced. Associated pericardial effusion (n=3), and mediastinal lymphadenitis (n=3) were present, but pericardial calcifications were not seen. On the other hand, the fibrosis group (n=3) displayed mild pericardial thickening. All the three patients showed pericardial calcifications, mild or absent enhancement of pericardium, but no mediastinal lymphadenitis. The cardiovascular changes such as inferior or superior vena caval distension, left ventricular deformity, interventricular septum angulation, and biatrial enlargements were more severe than those in patients with active granuloma. In patients with constrictive pericarditis with nonspecific signs and symptoms, CT scan is very helpful in making the diagnosis and can give informations about the evolution of the disease.
Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Compliance ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis* ; Fibrosis ; Granuloma ; Hand ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Lymphadenitis ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pericarditis, Constrictive* ; Pericardium ; Pleural Effusion ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis

Constrictive pericarditis is caused by fibrosis of the pericardium leading to decrease in ventricular compliance. The diagnosis is often delayed due to nonspecific signs and symptoms. The authors experienced eight cases of constrictive pericarditis detected on chest CT scan while being treated for considerable length of time under the clinical impressions of intrathoracic tumor, tuberculous pleural effusion, liver cirrhosis, etc. Constrictive hemodynamics of these patients were confirmed by echocardiogram and cardiac catheterization. Among them five cases were due to tuberculosis. In four cases with pathologically proven tuberculous granuloma, the pericardium was markedly thickened and intensely enhanced. Associated pericardial effusion (n=3), and mediastinal lymphadenitis (n=3) were present, but pericardial calcifications were not seen. On the other hand, the fibrosis group (n=3) displayed mild pericardial thickening. All the three patients showed pericardial calcifications, mild or absent enhancement of pericardium, but no mediastinal lymphadenitis. The cardiovascular changes such as inferior or superior vena caval distension, left ventricular deformity, interventricular septum angulation, and biatrial enlargements were more severe than those in patients with active granuloma. In patients with constrictive pericarditis with nonspecific signs and symptoms, CT scan is very helpful in making the diagnosis and can give informations about the evolution of the disease.
Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Compliance ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis* ; Fibrosis ; Granuloma ; Hand ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Lymphadenitis ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pericarditis, Constrictive* ; Pericardium ; Pleural Effusion ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis

The purpose of this investigation was to study the changes in the epiphyseal plate of growing mice by histological, histochemical and electron microscopic observation through the administration of radioactive isotope I which induced hypothyroidism. To confirm hypothyroidism induced, radioimmunoassay for triiodothyronine was carried out and the morphologic changes of thyroid gland were observed by a light microscope. Of the total of eighty ICR strain of mice, fifty received single intraperitoneal injection of 20ue/gm of radioactive isotope I which were dissolved in 0.2ml of saline. Thirty received single intraperitoneal injection of only 0.2ml of saline and these mice were used as control groups. At the end of first, second, third, fourth, sixth and eighth week after injection, both saline injected and I treated mice were sacrifised. The thyroid gland and epiphyseal plate being removed were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, alcian blue and with uranyl acetate lead citrate in each for histological, histochemical and electron microscopic studies, The results obtained are as follows: 1. The thickness of epiphyseal plate was narrowed in the I treated animals. In each zone of epiphyseal plate the cell size was reduced although the cell numbers of each cell column were not changed. This means that the reduction of thickness in the epiphyseal plate was due mainly to decreased cell size and scanty territorial matrix not to decreased cell number. 2. Alcianophility was markedly decreased ln proliferative zone, indicating that acid mucopolysaccharide diminished markedly or was absent in the proliferative zone. 3. In electron microscopic examination, the number of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum was decreased and their cisternae were narrowed. Decreasing tendency of dilatation and sacculation of cisternae, .reduced number of attached ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum, and atrophy of the Golgi apparatus with diminished number of its vesicles were noted, However glycogen particlea were accumulated. 4. The number and length of each trabeculae in the metaphysis just adjacent to the epiphyseal cartilage plate were reduced markedly, and occasionally chondrocytes which were not consumed by endochondral ossification were observed in the cartilage lattice.
Alcian Blue ; Animals ; Atrophy ; Cartilage ; Cell Count ; Cell Size ; Chondrocytes ; Citric Acid ; Dilatation ; Endoplasmic Reticulum ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Glycogen ; Golgi Apparatus ; Growth Plate ; Hematoxylin ; Hypothyroidism ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Mice ; Radioimmunoassay ; Ribosomes ; Thyroid Gland ; Tibia ; Triiodothyronine

Subluxation of hip is a disease commonly experienced in orthopaedic field, which is classified into primary subluxation and secondary subluxation. Generally, secondary subluxation of the hip in children who once suffered from infected hips, Legg-Calve-Perths disease and also as sequellae of incompletely treated congenital dislocation of the hip can be often seen in Korea. Especially in Korea, subluxation of the hip with some destruction of the affected femoral head frequently arose from late complication of the tuberculous or septic hip in children. But, no definite treatment for the condition was established and no satisfactory results were obtained with various operative methods. Authors experienced satisfactory result by combining the intertrochanteric varus osteotomy and administration of crystalline glucosamine sulphate (Viatril, Rotta pharmaceuticals, Italy) in subluxated burnt-out tuberculous hip of 6 years old male.
Child ; Crystallins ; Dislocations ; Glucosamine ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Osteotomy ; Tuberculosis