Mucoepidermoid carcinoma occurs commonly in salivary gland, but rarely in lacrimal gland. In literature about ten or more cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal gland have been described. A 73-year-old woman had noted upper lid swelling and lacrimation of the left eye for 2 months. Computed tomographic scan demonstrated a large homogenous mass on superotemporal portion of the left orbit. The mass extended into the left temporal fossa, middle cranial fossa, and ethmoidal sinus with bone destruction. Histopathologically, the mass was proved to be a intermediate grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lacrimal gland.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid* ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; Female ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Orbit ; Salivary Glands

PURPOSE: It is important to diagnose paragonimiasis in early active stage because it can be dured by chemotherapy. However, it is difficult to make a correct diagnosis of cerebral paragonimiasis in the early active stage, and the radiographic findings of cerebral paragonimiasis have been rarely reported. Thus, this experimental study was designed to produce early active cerebral paragonimiasis and to demonstrate radiologic-pathologic correlations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 8 cats, 7-8 metacercariae of Paragonimus westerrnani were directly introduced into the brain parenchyma of each cat's after trephination of the skull. In anogher 16 cats, the juvenile worms and the adult worms that had developed for varying periods (2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks) in the lunges of another cats were introduced into the brain parenchyma of each cat's with the same procedures described above. Follw-up MR images and chest radiographs were obtained at 2 days, 1 weeks, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks after innoculation. The autopsies and histopathological examinations of the cat's brain were undertaken in 22 cats. In 9 cats that were suspected with pulmonary lesions on chest radiograph, the soft tissue radiographs of inflated-fixed lungs were obtained. RESULTS: In one cat with innoculation of adult worm, acute suppurative inflammation of the brain parenchyma was demonstrated. But the other cats with innoculction of adult worm or juvenile worm and the cats with innoulation of metacercaris did not reveal any evidence of acute cerebral paragonimiasis. More than half of the introduced metacercariae(5 out of 8 cats) were found in the lung parenchyma, while only 25%(4 out of 16 cats) of the adult worm innoculated cats were. CONCLUSION: Acute suppurative inflammation suggesting acute stage cerebral paragonimiasis was obtained in one case of adult worm innoculated cat. Most of the innoculated metacercariae and some of the juvenile worms or adult worms were migrated to the lungs.
Adult ; Animals ; Autopsy ; Brain ; Cats* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Metacercariae ; Paragonimiasis* ; Paragonimus ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Skull ; Trephining

No abstract available.
Population Characteristics* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis*

We experienced a case of aeute cerebral infaretion after operation. A 74 year old female patient slipped down and received left femoral neck fracture. Preoperatively, orthopedist, internist and anesthesiologist visited and evaluated her but could not find any suspicious symptoms related to cerebral infarction. She have suffered from hypertension and diabetes mellitus for 1Q yrs. She underwent bipolar endoprosthesis under general anesthesia. Postoperatively, she became deep drowsy and revealed respiratory depression, abnormal neurological sign and was diagnosed as acute cerebral infartion on cranial computed tomography and ultimately expired.
Aged ; Anesthesia, General* ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Respiratory Insufficiency

BACKGROUNDS: As the elderly population in-creases the health problem, especially dementia, becomes the clinically important problem. So in the part of primary care medicine it becomes so important that family physician make a focus on the detection, evaluation, and management of demented patient. Until nowadays there is few cohort study about the dementia and few nursing home in Korea. So author performed the MMSE-K in the elderly who are over 65 to get the cognitive function for early diagnosis, management and rehabilitation of psychosocial problem. METHODS: One hundred three persons who included in community society in Seoul and nursing home of Kyunggido were tested. The survey was done twice on september 1997 and September 1998. Author used the MMSE-K to the elderly by same doctors. The analysis was done by SAS 6.12 and t-test, one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA with linear trend test. RESULTS: The mean of first MMSE-K score in the community is 26.1 and in the nursing home is 24.4. And the mean of second MMSE-K score in the community is 25.5 and in the nursing home is 22.0. The MMSE-K score is elevated with male and longer duration of education and is decreased with the advanced age in two groups. According to the classification by MMSE-K score the number of people who have normal cognitive function is 45(43.7%), mild impaired cognitive function is 45(43.7%), moderately impaired cognitive function is 13(12.6%) and none has severely impaired cognitive function in both groups. The follow up MMSE-K score shows that the difference of two MMSE-K scores increases as the age increases. CONCLUSION: Until todays there is few study that designed in the form of cohort study about the elderly cognitive function in Korea. So family physicians must perform the prospective cohort study with the consistent concern and effort to get the research data about the dementia for earthy detection, management and rehabilitation for elderly.
Aged* ; Classification ; Cohort Studies ; Dementia ; Early Diagnosis ; Education ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Nursing Homes ; Physicians, Family ; Primary Health Care ; Rehabilitation ; Seoul

PURPOSE: We tried to evaluate the effect of oxalate on the growth of distal renal tubular epithelial cells MATERIALS AND METHODS: Madin-Darby canine kidney(MDCK) cell line, derived from canine distal renal tubular epithelial cell, supplied from American Type Culture Collection was used in this study. RPMI 1640 containing 10mM HEPES-buffer, 100IU/ microliterpenicillin, 100 microgram/ microliterstreptomycin, 300 microgram/ microliterglutamine, and with or without 10% fetal bovine serum(FBS) was used as the culture media. And the cell survivals under various concentrations of ammonium oxalate were assessed by MTT assay. RESULTS: Exposure of MDCK cells to oxalate resulted in a concentration dependent suppression of the cell growth in both 10% FBS supplied media and FBS deprived media. CONCLUSIONS: From these observations we could conclude that oxalate is not a mere constituent of calcium oxalate stone, but oxalate might offer a good environment for calcium oxalate stone formation in the urinary tract via MDCK cellular damage.
Calcium Oxalate ; Cell Line ; Culture Media ; Epithelial Cells* ; Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ; Oxalic Acid ; Urinary Tract

PURPOSE: Most studies have shown considerable overlap between benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and cancer, using a prostate specific antigen(PSA) cut-off point of 4.0ng/ml. Because of lack of sensitivity and specificity, the value of PSA measurement in the diagnosis of prostate cancer has been questioned. The concept of PSA density(PSAD) was introduced to enhance the specificity of serum PSA. To determine the value of PSAD in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, we investigated whether PSAD-based clinical guidelines could help in the diagnosis of prostate cancer and assist in avoiding a significant number of biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective data were analysed from a selected population of 130 patients(mean age 66 years, range 42-86), 54 with histopathologically diagnosed prostate cancer and 76 with BPH. DRE(digital rectal examination) and TRUS(transrectal ultrasonography) were performed and PSA and PSAD were determined for each patient. RESULTS: The median PSA level was 7.0ng/ml(range 0.6-87ng/m1) in the patients with a benign diagnosis and 25.5ng/ml(range 2.2-736ng/m1) in those with malignancies. Also, the median PSAD was 0.18ng/m1/cm3(range 0.02-2.56ng/ml/cm3) in the benign group and 0.75ng/m1/cm3(range 0.06-22.3ng/m1/cm3) in the malignant group. Both PSA and PSAD discriminated BPH from cancer in a whole range of PSA level and were statistically significant. Of the 130 patients, 49(377 %) had a PSA level in the intermediate range(4.0-10.0ng/ml). In these patients, the median PSA was 6.5ng/ml(range 4.2-10ng/m1) In the benign group and 5.2ng/ml(range 4.1-9.8ng/ml) in the malignant group. Also, the median PSAD was 0.16ng/m1/cm3(range 0.07-0.39ng/m1/cm3) in the benign group and 0.17ng/m1/cm3 (range 0.08-0.27ng/m1/cm3) in the malignant group Both PSA and PSAD had no discriminating ability between BPH arid cancer in the Intermediate PSA range(4.0-10.0ng/ml). CONCLUSIONS: PSAD was of no additional value over serum PSA measurement in discriminating BPH from cancer for the population with intermediate PSA levels.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid* ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage* ; Humans ; Lung*

BACKGROUND: since congenital nevi may not always be identified clirically, it remains a challange for histologists to separate an acquired from a congehital nevus. The camparative histologic feature of congenital and acquired lesions have been described by several authors. OBJECTIVE: In an attempt to establish reliable microscopic recognition of congenital nevi, the histologic features of 52 congenital melanocytic nevi were studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS: By reviewing HMB slides, histologic paterns were observed depending on the extent of nevus cell infiltration. An immunohistochemical study wi h anti S-100 protein and HMB-45 antibody was also performed. RESULTS: Diffuse infiltratien of upper and lower dermis with nevu. cells was observed in 21 cases (40.0%). Nevus cell infiltration of appendages and neurovascular structures was observed in 29 cases (55.8%). Indian filing of dermal nevus cells was observed in 33 casesl(64.7%). Epidermis showed elongation of rete ridges in 36 ca.es(69.2%). Immunohistochemical staining with HMB 45 showed a positive raction in 9 cases out of 51 having dermal nevus cells, and epidemal melanocytes showed positive reaction in 20 cases. CONCLUSION: Congenital melanocytie nevi can be classified by histolcgic appearance into several patterns. Nevus cells had a trend to infiltrate into the deeper dermis as the clinieal size increrased. Nevus cell infiltration of appendages and neurovascular structure was a common finding in congenital melanocytic nevi.
Dermis ; Epidermis ; Melanocytes ; Nevus ; Nevus, Pigmented* ; S100 Proteins

Tyrosinemia type 1 is an autosomal recessive inborn error of tyrosine metabolism that caused a mutation in the gene coding for the enzyme fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase(FAH). As a result, maleylacetoacetate(MAA) and fumarylacetoacetate(FAA) are formed. The accumulated FAA is converted into succinylacetone(SA) and succinylacetoacetate(SAA) which are excreted in urine. The first report with typical clinical and biochemical findings was presented by Sakai in 1957. Clinically, the disorder is characterized by progressive liver damage with liver failure, a high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and renal tubular dysfunction hypophosphataemic rickets. Some patients have porphyria-like episodes. Liver transplantation has been the ultimate treatment of tyrosinemia. However pharmacological therapy with 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl) -1,3-cyclohexanedione(NTBC) has offered a new therapeutic option in addition to dietary restriction of tyrosine and phenylalanine. We experienced a case of tyrosinemia type 1 with cytomegalovirus infection in a 4-month-old male who improved by dietary restriction of tyrosine and phenylalanine.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Clinical Coding ; Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver ; Liver Failure ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Metabolism ; Phenylalanine ; Rickets ; Tyrosine ; Tyrosinemias*