Patterns of branches and distribution of right coronary artery in Korean adult hearts were observed at the viewpoint of newly edited Nomina Anatomica, and the results were as follows. Generally the right aortic sinus had one orifice, but sometimes had two orifices which were related to conal branch. The right coronary artery had mural coronary in 17.5% of cases. In the most of the cases, right coronary artery was dominent, and type 4 was most frequent. Descending septal artery was observed in 17.5% of cases. The atrial branches can be grouped as anterior, posterior and left atrial, and each group was composed of one or two branches when present. In 97.5% of cases, intermediate atrial branch was observed. The sinuatrial nodal artery was originated mostly from right coronary artery. The atrioventriclar branch was observed in 7.5% of cases. The ventricular branches can be grouped as right anterior, right posterior and left posterior, and composed of 3-6, 0-2, and 0-4 branches respectively. Right marginal branch showed great variation, and other branch originated from superiorto to it was found to distribute the apex of the heart. Based on the results, the authors depicts typical arrangement of the rignt coronary artery in Korean.
Adult ; Arteries ; Coronary Vessels* ; Heart ; Humans ; Sinus of Valsalva

No abstract available.
Embryonic Structures* ; Head* ; Humans* ; Neck*

The odontoid process of the ninety axis were measured to observe the morphological features in Koreans. The results are as follows. 1. Height of the ordontoid of process of axis was 14.1±1.3mm, and the degree of the height of the odontoid process to the height of axis was frequency of 38.2±2.6%. 2. Transverse diameter of odontoid process of the most axis (87.8%) was thinner at the lower part than at the upper part. And the difference of the thickness of upper part and lower part was 1.2±0.7mm. In anteroposterior diameter, lower part was thinner than upper part in frequency of 55.6%, and the difference of upper part and lower part was 1.0±0.5mm in the transverse diameter, 0.6±0.5mm in the anteroposterior diameter, therefore the thickness of the anteroposterior diameter. 3. The articular surface of the odontoid process of the axis articulating with the anterior arch of atlas was 8.9±1.7mm in the maximal length and 7.1±1.6mm in the maximal breadth.
Odontoid Process*

No abstract available.
Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E*

The tricuspid valve is not a simple but a complex structure, tricuspid valve complex. This complex is composed of tricuspid orifice, annulus, valve leaflet, chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. There are flew articles about these structures. The authors studied tricuspid valve complex in 53 cases of normal korean adults, such as circumference of tricuspid annulus, the maximum diameter of the tricuspid orifice, height and breadth of the cusps, including commissures, the ratio of rough to clear zone, the number of scallops of posterior cusp, the number, length and pattern of arrangement of the several types of chordae, the number and morphological characteristics of papillary muscles.
Adult* ; Chordae Tendineae ; Heart* ; Humans ; Papillary Muscles ; Pectinidae ; Tricuspid Valve*

The Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome consists of the associated of indings of facial nerve paralysis, facial swelling and scrotal tongue. We report a case of MRS where a 20 year old female had diffuse swelling on her face and lips for 10 years. This was also accompaiined with difficulty of facial expression and fissured tongue. The improved with intralesional injection: of triamcinolon acetonide 40mg for 3 consecutive weeks and 2 every other week.
Facial Expression ; Facial Nerve ; Facial Paralysis ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Lip ; Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome ; Tongue, Fissured ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Hemorrhoids*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhoids*

Modified Mohs surgery is a procedure which eliminated chemical fixation step from Mohs chemosurgery. This technique is faster, less painful and more tissue conserving, allows for immediste repairs, yields higher quality histologic preparations and facilitates an interdisciplinary apporoach; it is the treatment of choice for recurrent or difficult skin cancers. A 58-year-old femele patient presented with a 2x 3cm sized dark brownish, ulcerated nodule on the left upper eyelid. Histopathologic findings revealed several small solid nest composed of basalioma cells in the dermis. We treated with modified Mohs surgery and obtained good result.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Dermis ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mohs Surgery* ; Skin Neoplasms ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: IL-4 is known as a potent stimulating factor and, TNF-α and IFN-γ suppress collagen synthesis of dermal fibroblasts. However, relatively little is known about interaction of these cytokines. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interactional effect of TNF-α and INF-r for the type I collagen gene expression and promoter activation produced by IL-4. METHODS: Using dermal fibroblasts from the normal skin cultured with three cytokines, IL-4, TNF-α and IFN-γ, we examined Northern blot analysis with each cDNA and assayed CAT activity with human pro a 2(l)collagen(COL1A2)/CAT reporter gene chimeric construct. RESULTS: Compared to the control, treating with IL-4 resulted in prominent elevation of both type I procollagen mRNA levels and prce 2(I) collagen promoter activity. IL-4 with TNF-α suppressed the IL-4 induced elevations, whereas IL-4 with IFN-γ did not reveal the obvious suppression of the elevations produced by IL-4. Fibroolasts treated with IL-4 together with IFN-γ and TNF-α completely abolished the type I procollagen gene expression and the activation of COL1A2 promoter gene elicited by IL-4. CONCLUSION: IL-4 induced enhancement of type I collagen gene expression was synergistically suppressed by TNF-α and IFN-γ on transcriptional level.
Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Cats ; Collagen ; Collagen Type I ; Cytokines ; DNA, Complementary ; Fibroblasts* ; Gene Expression ; Genes, Reporter ; Humans* ; Interleukin-4* ; Necrosis* ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin*