A 4-year-old girl developed acute motor, sensory impairment, lower abdominal pain and urinary dysfunction after URI. In acute stage of disease, MRI showed diffuse spinal cord swelling and high signal intensity on T2WI below T2 body level. The patient did not improved and one month later, follow-up MRI showed diffuse spinal cord atrophy and syrinx formation as sequelae of ATM on T1WI below T9 level. To our knowledge, this is the first case showing the sequelae of acute transverse myelitis seen in Korea.
Abdominal Pain ; Atrophy* ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myelitis, Transverse* ; Spinal Cord*

Esthetics ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle ; Mandibular Reconstruction ; Mouth ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Transplants

PURPOSE: Chemokines are structurally related, small polypeptide signaling molecules that bind to and activate a family of transmembrane G proteincoupled receptors, the chemokine receptors. Recently, interaction between the chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1 or CXCL12), has been found to play an important role in tumorigenicity, proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis in many cancers such as lung cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, glioblastoma, pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma. Hence, the goal of this study is to identify the correlation of clinicopathological factors and the up-regulation of SDF-1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied the immunohistochemical staining of SDF-1, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) of SDF-1 gene in 20 specimens of 20 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS: 1. In the immunohistochemical study of poor differentiated and invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma, the high level staining of SDF-1 was observed. And the correlation between immunohistochemical SDF-1 expression and tumor nodes metastases (TNM) classification of specimens was significant.(chi-square test, P < 0.05) 2. In the SDF-1 gene qRT-PCR analysis, SDF-1 expression was more in tumor tissue than in carcinoma in situ tissue. Paired-samples analysis determined the difference of SDF-1 mRNA expression level between the cancer tissue and the carcinoma in situ tissue.(Student's t-test, P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that up-regulation of the SDF-1 may play a role in progression and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; Chemokines ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Glioblastoma ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Receptors, Chemokine ; RNA, Messenger ; Up-Regulation

Uterine torsion is defined as the mtation of more than 45 degrees around the long axis of the uterus or a rotation which is severe enough to produce symptoms. Torsion of the human pregnant uterus is a very rare complication. The diagnosis is problematic and is often made during a cesrean section due to inhibited labor. Torsion of the human pregnant uterus can be caused by myoma or other uterine abnormalities, ovarian cysts, adhesions, abnormal fetal presentations, or fetal abnormalities ( though no cause can be found in about 20% of cases ). Uterine torsion produces symptoms of varying severity depending on the degree of rotation, and duration of the pregnancy. High mortality rates for both mother and infant have been reported. We experienced one case of the torsion of term pregnant uterus and report this case with a brief review of the concerned literature.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetus* ; Humans ; Infant ; Mortality ; Mothers ; Myoma ; Ovarian Cysts ; Pregnancy ; Uterus*

No abstract available.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Female ; Ovary* ; Pregnancy

Neurofibromatosis(Von Recklinghausen's disease) is an autosomal dominant disease that affects one in 2,500-3,000 births. The clinical presentation is characterized by multiple pigmented lesions of the skin, known as cafe-au-lait spots, and neurofibromas of the skin. The criteria for diagnosis are at least six cafe-au-lait spots, each greater than 1.5cm in diameter and positive family history and biopsy of a neurofibroma. Management of benign neurofibromatosis must be individualized for each patient and ranges from incisional biopsy to wide local excision. Genetic counseling is advised for all patients with this disease, since no cure is available. We report the case of multiple neurofibromatosis with oral, parapharyngeal space and whole body lesions that was treated with surgical excision.
Biopsy ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Diagnosis ; Genetic Counseling ; Humans ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Parturition ; Skin

Many treatment approaches of Cl III malocclusion have been introduced and the choice of treatment should be a function of the individual problem, not of the clinician(personal preference, experience and success rate of the operator). Therefore a function of the individual problem should be analysed exactly. Much has been written in the orthodontic literature concerning the nature of Cl III malocclusion. It has been reported by many investigators that a Cl III malocclusion occurs in a variety of skeletal and dental configurations by differences of race and age. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 125 individuals were studied for the presence and distribution of four horizontal components and one vertical component in a manner similar to McNamara. The results were as follows 1. Cl III malocclusion is not a single clinical entity. It can result from numerous combinations of skeletal and dental components. 2. Maxillary skeletal retrusion was the most common single characteristic of the Cl III sample. 3 Only a small percentage or the cases in this cases in this study exhibited maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion. 4. Only a small percentage of the cases in this study exhibited mandibular dentoalveolar dentoalveolar retrusion. 5. Mandible was usually well-positioned, but a wide variation was observed. 6. A large percentage of the cases in this study exhibited excessive vertical development. Thus, it appears that in designing the ideal treatment regime, those approaches which might restrict vertical development and promote maxillary horizontal growth could be more appropriate in many cases.
Child* ; Continental Population Groups ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Mandible ; Research Personnel

Acidosis ; Airway Obstruction ; Blood Volume ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intubation ; Perfusion ; Respiration ; Shock ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; Tracheostomy ; Vital Signs ; Wounds and Injuries

Transformation and progression of breast cancer are thought to be caused by an accumulation of complex genetic alterations, but little is known about specific changes. In this study, the author has undertaken a genome-wide screening to detect genetic changes in 20 cases of breast cancer among Koreans, including 16 infiltrating ductal carcinomas, 2 medullary carcinomas, 1 invasive lobular carcinoma, and 1 borderline phyllodes tumor. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to screen for DNA sequence gains and losses across all human chromosomes. Simultaneous immunohistochemical staining for c-erbB-2 (Her-2/neu), c-myc, cyclin D1, and p53 protein was done to make comparisons with nuclear grade and that with CGH results. Biotin-labeled tumor DNA and digoxigenin-labeled normal DNA were hybridized to normal metaphase cells. The fluorescence signals were captured by fluorescence microscope after detection by avidin-FITC and anti-digoxigenin rhodamine. Then, the ratio of fluorescence was calculated by an image analyzer. The immunohistochemical staining was done in paraffin-embedded tissue with an LSAB kit and avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method. The CGH results showed gains on chromosomes 8q (40%), 1q (30%), 17q (15%), 20q (15%), 18q (15%), 5p (15%), and 13q (15%). Deletions were on chromosomes 17p (45%) and 22q (20%). High-level amplifications (green/red ratio >1.5) were noted on chromosomes 1p31, 1q, 3q25-qter, 5p, 7q31-qter, 8q, 9p22-qter, 10p, 11p, 11q22-qter, 12p, 12q24, 14q21-qter, 15q23-qter, 17q, 18p, 18q12-qter, 20p, and 20q. By comparison with infiltrating ductal carcinoma, the two medullary carcinomas showed high-level amplification on chromosomes 1p31, 1q, 8q, 10p, 11p and 12p. c-erbB-2, c-myc, cyclin D1, and p53 protein expression was immunohistochemically detected in 9 of 20 (45%), 8 of 20 (40%), 10 of 20 (50%), and 13 of 20 (65%), respectively. The results indicate that the amplification on chromosome 8q, 1q and the deletions on chromosomes 17p and 22q are the most frequent genetic alterations in breast cancers among Koreans. The results reveal a different pattern of genetic alteration from previous studies. The CGH results were not correlated with the immunohistochemical profiles. The amplification pattern of medullary carcinomas was quite different from the pattern of infiltrating ductal carcinomas. The CGH was thought to be very useful in the screening of genetic alterations of solid tumors.
Base Sequence ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; Chromosomes, Human ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization* ; Cyclin D1 ; DNA ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Metaphase ; Phyllodes Tumor ; Rhodamines

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the expression and localization of Nrf2 mRNA in rats according to the changes of K-diet. METHODS: Nrf2 gene was isolated using DNA chip microassay. Northern and Western blot analysis and in situ hybridization (ISH) were performed. RESULTS: Northern analysis of normal rat demonstrated that Nrf2 mRNA was abundantly expressed in stomach, moderately in testis, kidney, distal colon, duodenum, and adrenal gland, and weakly in brain, heart, spleen, salivary gland, liver, and lung. In the kidney of K-restricted groups, Nrf2 mRNA and protein expressions were gradually increased in K-restricted kidney. By ISH, hybridization signal for Nrf2 gene of normal group was prominent in the S3 segment of proximal tubule, distal tubule, and cortical collecting duct, and weak in outer and inner medullary collecting duct. In K-restricted groups, the localization of hybridization signal was the same as in normal group. Signal intensity of K-restricted groups was markedly increased in outer and inner medullary collecting ducts compared with normal group. But, that of the distal tubule and cortical collecting duct was decreased. mRNA for Nrf2 gene of normal group was detected in the cells of the basal portion of intestinal gland of distal colon and stomach, spermatogonia and spermatocytes of seminiferous tubule of testis, small lymphocytes of germinal center of spleen, and adrenal medulla cells of adrenal gland. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that expression of Nrf2 is different in various tissues and increased expression of Nrf2 gene in outer and inner medullary collecting ducts of hypokalemic kidney could regulate the ion transporter genes by these segments.
Adrenal Glands ; Adrenal Medulla ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Brain ; Chimera ; Colon ; Duodenum ; Germinal Center ; Heart ; Hypokalemia ; In Situ Hybridization ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Ion Transport ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymphocytes ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Potassium ; Rats ; RNA, Messenger ; Salivary Glands ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Spermatocytes ; Spermatogonia ; Spleen ; Stomach ; Testis ; Transcription Factors