In order to study host-parasite relationship in trematode, the susceptibility in rabbits of Clonorchis sinensis were examined. A certain number of metacercariae of C. sinensis were administered orally to rabbits, and rats and dogs were used to compare with rabbits. the results were summerized as follows: The rabbits were successfully infected with metacercariae of C. sinensis in all case of the groups given 10 to 500 each. But the highest recovery rate of the worm was 33.0 percent in the case given 100 metacercariae. In the early stage of infection, the worms were hardly found, but 10 days after the infection, the number of worms were detected easily. Three months after the infection, the recovery rate of worms was 31.3 percent in the rabbits given 300 metacercariae. The recovery rates of the worms in two months after the infection were 27.4 percent in rabbits, 51.0 percent in rats and 54.6 percent in dogs. Morphologically the body length and the body width markedly increased in the period until 10 days after the infection, and after that the genital organs began to get mature gradually while the growth of the body showed down. The measurement of adult C. sinensis recovered from the animals two months after the infection was the largest in rabbits followed by rats and the worms from dogs showed the smallest measurement.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Clonorchis sinensis ; rabbit ; biology

Usually egg count technique has been employed to know the intensity of infestation of human intestinal helminths and to elucidate the effects of anthelmintics. Comparing the three egg count methods - Stoll's egg dilution method, Beaver's direct smear method and FHK counting board method - the authors reached the following results: As the result of application of the three methods to 75 Ascaris egg positives and 95 Trichocephalus egg positives, in the case of Ascaris eggs, the egg detection rate was 99 per cent by Stoll's method, 97 per cent by Beaver's method and was lowest by FHK method at 79 percent. Meanwhile, in Trichocephalus eggs, Stoll's method revealed 92 percent, Beaver's method 95 percent, and FHK method 95 percent, there being no noticeable differences. With regard to EPG, in counting Ascaris eggs, Stoll's method showed a value closest to the actual number of eggs, and the value revealed by FHK method was smaller than the actual number. As the result of comparing the coefficiencies of variation of the three egg counting methods, both in Ascaris eggs and Trichocephalus eggs, the FHK method showed the smallest, followed by Stoll's method and Beaver's method.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Trichuris trichiura ; diagnosis

We retrospectively reviewed magnetic resonance image findings of primary CNS lymphomas in six patients. All patients showed parenchymal masses (n=8), a solitary mass in 4 and multiple in the other two. One patients showed leptomeningeal lesion. Parenchymal masses were located in forntal lobe (n=4), cerebellum (n=2), basal ganglia (n=1), and parietal lobe (n=1), These masses showed hypointensity on T1-weighted images (WI). On T2 WI, the signal intensity of mass was isointense to the brain parenchyma in 5 and hyperintese in 3. After Gadlinium-DTPA injection, seven lesions were enhanced homogeneously, and the margin of the mass was smooth in 5 and irregular in 3. Peritumoral edema was moderate in 4, absent in 3, and severi in 1. These characteristics may be useful in the diagnosis of primary CNS lymphoma.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Parietal Lobe ; Retrospective Studies

Forty seven patients with locally recurrent uterine cerival cancer after surgery were treated with radiation during the 6 year period from 1979 through 1984 at the Department of Therapeutic Radiology of Seoul National University Hospital. In 30 out of the 47 patients, recurrence was diagnosed within 2 years after surgery. Site of recurrence was vagina in 19 patients, vagina and parametrium in 21 patients and parametrium only in 7 patients. Complete tumor control was achieved in 35 patients (74.5%) ; the complete response rates were 94.7% (18/19( in vaginal recurrences, 57.1% (12/21) in combined vaginal and parametrial recurrences and 71.4% (5/7) in parametrial recurrences. Overall and disease free survival rates at 4 years were 55.2 and 50.1 percent, respectively, for entire group. Overall 4 year survival rates were 77.0% for vaginal recurrences, 44.1% for vaginal and parametrial recurrences and 42.9% for parametrial recurrences. When the disease extent was classified in the same way as the staging system of FIGO, the 4 year survival was 80.4, 73.0, 25.0 and 0 percent for stage lla, llb and IVa, respectively.
Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Radiation Oncology ; Radiotherapy* ; Recurrence ; Seoul ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* ; Vagina

PURPOSE: The first Korean national population- based cancer registry using nationwide hospital-based recording system and the regional cancer registries provided the source to obtain national cancer incidences for the period 1999~2001. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The incidence of cancer in Korea was calculated based on the Korea Central Cancer Registry database, data from additional medical record review survey, the Regional Cancer Registry databases, site-specific cancer registry databases, and cancer mortality data from the Korea National Statistical Office. Crude and age-standardized rates were calculated by sex for 18 age groups. RESULTS: The overall crude incidence rates (CR) were 247.3 and 188.3 per 100, 000 for men and women and the overall age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were 281.2 and 160.3 per 100, 000, respectively. Among men, five leading primary cancer sites were stomach (CR 58.6, ASR 65.6), lung (CR 42.1, ASR 50.9), liver (CR 41.9, ASR 44.9), colon and rectum (CR 24.2, ASR 27.3) and bladder (CR 7.7, ASR 9.2). Among women, the most common cancers were stomach (CR 30.8, ASR 25.8), breast (CR 25.7, ASR 21.7), colon and rectum (CR 19.6, ASR 16.7), uterine cervix (CR 18.4, ASR 15.5), and lung cancer (CR 15.1, ASR 12.4). In 0~14 age group, leukemia was most common for both sexes. For men, stomach cancer was most common in 15~64 age group, but lung cancer was more frequent for over 65 age group. For women, thyroid cancer in 15~34 age group, breast cancer in 35~64 age group, and stomach cancer in over 65 age group were most common for each age group. The proportions of death certificate only were 7.5% for men and 7.4% for women. CONCLUSION: This is the first attempt to determine the national cancer incidence and this data will be useful to plan for research and national cancer control in Korea.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cervix Uteri ; Colon ; Death Certificates ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Korea* ; Leukemia ; Liver ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Rectum ; Registries ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: To produce the nationwide 5-year survival rates of Korean cancer patients by primary cancer site. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study subjects were cancer patients diagnosed in 1995, as documented by the Korea Central Cancer Registry (KCCR) Program. This data was collected in 120 (93%) of 129 nationwide intern- and resident-training hospitals and 75 (94%) of the 80 Korean university hospitals. Follow-up was performed by obtaining information upon vital status (i.e., whether living or dead) from the government administered whole population files. Cumulative observed survival rate (OSR) was calculated by using the life table method and the relative survival rate (RSR) was computed using the life-time table for the years 1995, 1997, and 1999. RESULTS: Of the 55,042 study subjects, the OSR for all Korean cancer patients was 61.4% at 1 year and 38.1% at 5 years. The RSR for all cancers was 62.5% at 1 year and 41.4% at 5 years, and the 5-year RSRs for all cancers in men and women were 32.6% and 53.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This is the first nationwide report upon 5-year cancer survival by primary site in Korea. Men showed a lower survival rate than women in most malignancies. Pancreatic and thyroid cancer had the lowest and highest 5-year survival rates, respectively.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Tables ; Male ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Neoplasms

PURPOSE: Since the revised Cancer Act of October 2006, cancer registration was reactivated, based on the Statistics Law. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The incidence of cancer during 2002 was calculated on the basis of the information available from the National Cancer Incidence Database. Crude and age-standardized rates were calculated by gender for 18 age groups (0~4, 5~9, 10~14, every five years, 85 years and over). RESULTS: The overall crude incidence rates (CRs) were 269.2 and 212.8 per 100,000 for males and females, and the overall age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) were 287.8 and 172.9 per 100,000, respectively. Among males, the five leading primary cancer sites were stomach (CR 62.4, ASR 65.7), lung (CR 45.4, ASR 51.0), liver (CR 43.2, ASR 43.7), colon and rectum (CR 30.7, ASR 32.7), and prostate (CR 8.0, ASR 9.6). Among females, the most common cancer sites were breast (CR 33.1, ASR 26.9), followed by stomach (CR 32.8, ASR 26.0), colon and rectum (CR 23.1, ASR 18.5), thyroid (CR 19.1, ASR 15.7), and uterine cervix (CR 18.2, ASR 14.7). In the 0~14 age group, leukemia was the most common cancer for both genders. For males, stomach cancer was the most common cancer in the 15~64 age-group, but lung cancer was more frequent in men 65 or older. For females, thyroid cancer among the 15~34 age-group, breast cancer among 35~64 age-group and stomach cancer in women 65 years or older were the most common forms of cancer for each age group. The quality indices for the percentage of deaths, by death certificate only, were 4.7% for males and 4.5% for females. CONCLUSIONS: Since the National Cancer Incidence Database was started, the annual percent change of cancer cases increased by 4.8% (4.1% for males, 5.7% for females) during 1999~2002. This value reflects the increase in prostate cancer for males and breast and thyroid cancer in females during 2002. The timely reporting of improved quality of cancer registration is needed for evidence-based decisions regarding cancer control in Korea.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cervix Uteri ; Colon ; Death Certificates ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Jurisprudence ; Korea* ; Leukemia ; Liver ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Rectum ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

PURPOSE: We estimated the incidence of cancer in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The indicence of cancer was estimated using national mortality data, and the incidence data from four frontier regional cancer registries, including Kangwha, Seoul, Busan and Deagu. These four registries served a population about seventeen million, which is almost 38% of entire population in Korea. RESULTS: The overall age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were 287.0 and 163.1 per 100,000 for males and females, respectively. Among males, stomach cancer was the most frequent (ASR 69.6), followed by lung cancers, including bronchus cancer (ASR 54.5), liver cancer (ASR 47.0) and colo-rectal cancer (ASR 25.2). The most frequent sites of cancer in females, by rank order, were stomach (ASR 26.8), breast (ASR 20.1), uterine cervix (ASR 18.0), colo-rectum (ASR 15.9), lung (ASR 13.0) and liver (ASR 12.0). CONCLUSION: It is hoped that these results will provide valuable leads for cancer research and cancer control in Korea.
Breast ; Bronchi ; Busan ; Cervix Uteri ; Daegu ; Female ; Hope ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Korea* ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Mortality ; Registries ; Seoul ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms

PURPOSE: To estimate the current cancer burden in Korea, newly diagnosed cancer cases and cancer incidence rates were calculated for the years 2003~2005. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cancer incidence cases and rates were calculated from the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database. Crude and age-standardized incidence rates were calculated by gender for specified cancer sites in 5-year age groups. RESULTS: From 2003 to 2005, 398,824 cases of cancer were newly diagnosed in Korea (218,856 in men and 179,968 in women). For all sites combined, the crude incidence rate (CR) was 300.0 and 248.2 for men and women and the age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) was 297.0 and 191.2 per 100,000, respectively. Among men, five leading cancers were stomach (CR 66.0, ASR 64.2), lung (CR 48.5, ASR 50.3), liver (CR 44.9, ASR 42.1), colon and rectum (CR 37.9, ASR 37.2), and prostate cancer (CR 12.7, ASR 13.8). Among women, five leading cancers were breast (CR 37.3, ASR 29.0), thyroid (CR 36.2, ASR 28.8), stomach (CR 34.1, ASR 25.4), colon and rectum (CR 28.0, ASR 21.1), and lung cancer (CR 17.9, ASR 12.8). In the 0~14-year-old group, leukemia was the most common in both sexes; in the 15~34 group, the most common cancer was stomach cancer for men and thyroid cancer for women; in the 35~64 group, stomach cancer for men and breast cancer for women; among those 65 and over, lung cancer for men and stomach cancer, for women, respectively. CONCLUSION: The cancer incidence rates have increased in recent years, and more cancers are expected to develop as Korea is quickly becoming an aged society. The cancer incidence statistics in this report can be used as an important source to effectively plan and evaluate the cancer control program in Korea.
Aged ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Colon ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Leukemia ; Liver ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Rectum ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms