Congenital chylothorax is a rare disorder and can be diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography recently. Most cases of congenital chylothorax were characterized by different clinical courses of respiratory distress. We describe two female cases with congenital chylothorax observed by ultra- sonography prenatally. In the first case, left-sided pleural effusion was noted by prenatal ultrasonography taken at 34 weeks of gestation, and then pleural fluid was extracted by intrauterine thoracentesis under sonography guidance. After birth, this patient was managed by TPN(total parentral nutrition) and intermittent thoracentesis without surgical treatment. But, pleural fluid was accumulated recurrently and respiratory distress was aggravated. At 15th hospital day, shock state was developed and patient died. In the second case, bilateral pleural effusion and ascites were noted by prenatal ultrasonography, and then patient was delivered immediately without intrauterine thoracentesis. After birth, the second case received conservative therapy including mechanical ventilation, TPN, intermittent thoracentesis and paracentesis. The patient was discharged with complete regression of chylothorax. We report the two cases with brief review of related literatures.
Ascites ; Chylothorax* ; Female ; Humans ; Paracentesis ; Parturition ; Pleural Effusion ; Pregnancy ; Respiration, Artificial ; Shock ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal*

In Korea, the incidence and modality of gallstones have changed, since meal have become westernized and the socioeconomic state has improved. Choledocholithiasis, which has a high incidence rate in Koreans is difficulty to treat as a result of retained stones. This report deals with a clinical analysis of recent trends in gallstone disease and approaches to ideal method of treatment. A retrospective analysis was done on 192 gallstone patients who had undergone an operations at the Department of Surgery, Seoul Red Cross Hospital, from January 1992 to December 1996. The results are as follows: 1) The male to female ratio was 1:1.7, and the most common age group was the 6th and 7th decade (50.0%). 2) The most common symptom and physical finding were RUQ pain (83.9%) and RUQ tenderness (73.3%). 3) The most common positive laboratory finding was leukocytosis (40.4%). 4) Bile culture tests were done in 117 cases and were positive in 55 cases (47.0%). The most common bacteria was E.coli in 35 cases (29.9%). 5) The locations of stone were the GB in 146 cases (76.0%), the GB and CBD in 26 cases (13.5%), the GB and CBD and IHD in 14 cases (7.3%), the CBD only in 5 cases (2.6%), and the GB and IHD in 1 case (1.3%). 6) The incidence of retained stones was 15.1% (29 out of 192 cases) and the prevalent site was the CBD in 11 out of 29 cases (37.9%). 7) A complete choledochoscopic stone removal of retained stones was possible in 19 out of 25 cases, showing a 76.0% success rate. 8) The most common postoperative complication was wound infection (13.5%), and the postoperative mortality rate was 1.0%.
Bacteria ; Bile ; Biliary Tract* ; Choledocholithiasis ; Female ; Gallbladder* ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Meals ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Red Cross ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections* ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses*

Masson's hemangioma is a rare benign vascualr condition with a papillary intravascular endothelial proliferation which may appear either as aprimary form or as a secondary form in a pre-existing vascular process.CT and angiographic features of 2 cases with Masson's hemangioma were presented. Both of them were locatedextra-axially in the posterior fossa. CT findings were not specific in both cases: One showed homogeneously enhancing mass, simulating meningioma. And the other demonstrated a multiolocular rim enhancing mass. However, the angiographic features were rather characteristic; Both cases showed persistent vascular poolings of contrast mediawhich were supplied form the meningeal vessels. Angiographic differential diagnosis of similar lesions in theposterior fossa is discussed.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Hemangioma ; Meningioma

Papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC), the commonest thyroid malignancy, has a good prognosis and low incidence of distant metastasis. Brain metastasis from PTC are extremely rare. The frequency of it reported as 0.1% to 5% in several reported series. A 24 year-old man noted a mass in his neck at 19 years of age. The diagnosis of PTC was made by the biopsy of the mass. Total thyroidectomy, postoperative internal radiation and daily 400w thyroxine therapy was done. The tonic contraction of the right leg evolving to secondary generalized seizure was noted at the age of 24 years old. A brain MRI showed Ix1cm enhancing mass in the left frontal lobe without perilesional edema. The brain mass was removed by the CRW-guided stereotactic surgery. The brain metastasis of PTC was confirmed histopathologically.
Biopsy ; Brain* ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leg ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prognosis ; Seizures ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms* ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyroxine ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND: It is well known that atrial fibrillation is common cardiac arrythmia in old age and poses a definitive risk factor of cerebral infarction. Therefore, effective treatment of atrial fibrillation is very important in the prevention of cerebral infarction. However, oral anticoagulant medication for the prevention of embolic ischemic stroke may be dangerous due to cerebral hemorrhage side effects. METHODS: This is a controlled case study designed to identify the risk factors in a large numbers of stroke and atrial fibrillation patients and to assess those patients with atrial fibrillation as a high risk group for cerebral infarction. All patient discharged from Chonnam National University Hospital were identified over a 42 month period who met our case standards of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke (n=62), and compared them with the control groups who were discharged with atrial fibrillation without stroke(n=68). We excluded the atrial fibrillation due to valvular heart disease, ischemic heart disease and congestive heart failure during the selection of subjects. RESULTS: Subjects and the controls were characteristically similar with common past medical histories of diabets, smoking, and hyperlipidemia. Sex, familial history, left ventricular hypertrophy in 2D-echocardiogram were also similar in both groups, however differences did exist. Subjects were significantly older than controls(68.9 : 63.9, p<0.001) and more likely to have a history of hypertension(56.5% : 23.5%, p<0.001) and left atrial enlargement(>40mm)(52.6% : 29.0%, p<0.001). Each of these 3 factors were assinged a measure of 1 point as a risk score, ischemic embolic stroke was found in 4 out of 28 patients(14.3%) with a risk score of 0, in 16 out of 39 patients(41.0%) with a risk score of 1, in 29 out of 41 patients(70.7%) with a risk score of 2, in 8 out of 11 patients(72.7%) with a risk score of 3. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the above results, a subject having more than two risk factors should be regarded as a high risk group for cerebral infarction and the long term anticoagulant therapy for the prevention of stroke may also be necessary even though some complications are present.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrial Fibrillation* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Heart Failure ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Jeollanam-do ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Patient Selection ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stroke

This erratum is being published to correct the printing error on page 286 of the article entitled 'Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive Staphylococcus aureus isolated from blood in Korea' by Kim JS, Park JS, Song W, Kim HS, Cho HC, Lee KM, Kim EC in Korean J Lab Med 2007;27:286-91. DOI 10.3343/kjlm. 2007.27.4.286 as follows. The heading of the right column of the Table 1 was misprinted as methicillin-resistant, so it should be corrected to methicillin-susceptible.
Adult ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Brain Neoplasms/radiotherapy/surgery ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis/radiotherapy/surgery ; Female ; *Genetic Counseling ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; *Germ-Line Mutation ; Humans ; Li-Fraumeni Syndrome/*diagnosis/genetics/therapy ; Mutation, Missense ; Pedigree ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/*genetics

No abstract available.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Female ; Ovary* ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: If early middle cerebral artery signs (EMCAS) are present, prognoses are known to be poor, even if interventional therapy is performed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effect of a superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion in cerebral infarction patients presenting EMCAS. METHODS: We conducted prospective longitudinal clinical trial and observed patients (n-22) with middle cerebral artery infarctions who manifested EMCAS in precontrast brain CT scans between January 1996 and April 1997. The patients were divided into two groups, one group (n-11) underwent superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion; and the other (n-11) was treated with classic osmotherapy and heparinization. We evaluated the clinical outcome for each patient using the Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS) and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on admission (pre-treatment state) and on, the 3rd, 7th, and 30th days. RESULTS: The two patients groups had an even distribution of risk factors, EMCAS, age and the interval from the ictus to the initiation of treatment. The outcome at the 30th day after stroke therapy improved for all patients compared to their status on admission (p<0.01), and there was a significant interaction between the group and the time (p<0.01). This means that the group which underwent superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion had better clinical outcomes. Hemorrhagic transformation occurred in 5 cases (22.7%), 2 from the superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion group and 3 from the heparinization group. However, this did not influence the clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to previous reports suggesting the poor prognostic value of EMCAS, even when all patients having these signs, this study showed that the clinical outcomes in the thrombolyic therapy group were better than in the conservatively treated one. Therefore, more aggressive interventional therapies such as superselective intra-arterial urokinase infusion may be considered option.
Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Heparin ; Humans ; Infarction ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; Thrombolytic Therapy* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

An age-dependent cellular change of DNA contents in the testis of Sprague-Dawley rats was investigated by flow-cytometric method. Testicular cell suspensions at the age of 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 16 and 26 weeks were prepared and stained with propidium iodide. The relative proportions in the number of mature and immature haploid (1n), diploid (2n), S-phase and tetraploid (4n) cells were calculated. The proportion in the number of mature haploid cells was sharply increased to the age of 10 weeks (about 38%), thereafter increased slightly to the level of 42% at the age of 26 weeks. The proportion of immature haploid cells was dramatically increased to the age of 6 weeks, then maintained at the level of 20 to 30% thereafter. The proportion of diploid cells was 64% at the age of 4 weeks, then decreased gradually through the age of 26 weeks. The proportion of S-phase cells was increased to the age of 4 weeks, then maintained at a plateau level to the age of 26 weeks. The proportion of tetraploid cells were about 26% at the age of 4 weeks, then decreased gradually to the age of 26 weeks. These results suggest that the proportions of testicular cells may depend on the age of the rat and that the flow cytometric method may be useful in the evaluation of the spermatogenic status with regard to accuracy and sensitivity.
Animals ; DNA/*analysis/genetics ; Diploidy ; Flow Cytometry/methods/veterinary ; Haploidy ; Male ; Rats ; Spermatogenesis ; Testis/chemistry/*growth & development