Tissue transplantation is a modern medical technology which develops rapidly and raises many ethical, legal, and political issues. In Korea, many tissue transplantations are performed and many tissue banks seem to be managed. However, there are no legal regulations and standards which control these behaviors. When we discuss tissue transplantations and tissue banking, the safety of tissues, the respect for donors' autonomy, the proper operation of the tissue bank, and the fair distribution of the tissues must be taken into account. And the autonomic regulation by medical professionals must be considered. An Act that controls tissue transplantation and tissue banking must be established, and must be enforced. The Act must be in harmony with the autonomic regulation by medical professionals. The practices that may pose severe risk to human body or threat to human life must be banned, and persons who perform this kind of practices must be punished. However, if the practices remain within the acceptable range, medical professionals can do their practices legally.
Human Body ; Humans ; Korea ; Social Control, Formal ; Tissue Banks* ; Tissue Transplantation ; Transplants

The purpose of this experiment is to examine if purified Korean red ginseng extracts could have an effect on leukocyte migration and to select the best chemotactic factor for leukocyte migration. When chemotactic factor such as TC-199 medium, milk and filtrate of E.coli culture for 48hrs at 37'C extracts was used and adquet incubation periods was 60 minutes at 37'C. The various purified Korean red ginseng extract was stimulated for the leukocytes migration in modified Boyden chamber, however fraction number 2 and 4 were shown most active migration through the filter. This mean was effect an enhancement of immunological activity to leukocyte migration in vivo.
Chemotaxis* ; Leukocytes ; Milk ; Panax*

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder characterized by recurrent cessation of breathing due to complete or partial upper airway occlusion during sleep. The incompetent tone of palatal, pharngeal, and glossal muscles which fail to maintain airway patency during sleep causes narrowing of the airway dimension and increased resistance of breathing. The identification of the sites of upper airway obstruction in patients with OSA is important in understanding the pathogenesis and deciding the treatment modality of snoring and/or OSA. Various upper airway imaging modalities have been used to assess upper airway size and precise localization of the sites of upper airway obstruction during sleep. Dynamic imaging modalities enabled assessment of dimensional changes in the upper airway during respiration and sleep. This article focused on reviews of various upper airway imaging modalities, especially dynamic upper airway imaging studies providing important information on the pathogenesis of OSA.
Airway Obstruction ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Humans ; Muscles ; Respiration ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Snoring

In order to study species of the Fascioloidae in Korea, a series of morphological and taxonomical studies were carried out and the following results were obtained. Among the species of the Fascioloidae in Pusan area, intermediate form (F. indica?) were 70 percent, F. gigantica 25 percent and F. hepatica, 5 percent. None experimental, natural infective rate of the Fasciolosis was 3.3-3.4 percent among the cattles (Bos taurus var. domesticus) in Pusan area.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Fascioloidae ; F. gigantica ; F. hepatica ; taxonomy

BACKGROUND: The relationship and differentiation among various dendritic cells of the dermis are unclear. Recently it has hecome possible to identify different subpopulat,ions of dermal dendritic cells using anti-CD34 and anti-factor XIIIa antibodies. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate which cell types the fibrous dermal turnors consist of we compared the staining patterns of these antibodies as well as of anti-Mac 387 antibody which are labeled as inflammatory cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage. METHODS: Tumors studied included dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP, n=2), dermato-fibroma(n=22), neurofibroma, n=27), acrochordon(n=15), keloid, hypertrophic scar(n=10), juvenile xanthogranuloma(n=1, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH, n=1). We performed immunoperoxidase staining(AUSC technique) with polyclonal anti FXIIIa antibody, monoclonal anti-CD34 antibody, and monoclonal anti-Mac 387 antibody on the formalin-fixed-paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of these fibrous tumors. The intensity of staining was graded as negative, weakly staining, or strongly stainiring. RESULTS: FXIIIa reactivity was strongly present in dendritic and spindle-shaped cells of all dermatofibromas and some nurofibromas(11 of 27 specimens), but absent from the other fibrous tumors. Among these tumors, one of the two DFSPs was uniquely expressed CD34. Dendritic and spindle-shaped cells within tiese tumors were MAC 387 negative. In inflammatory conditions, variable numbers of MAC 38 positive cells were observed, corresponding to histiocytes and mac-rophages, but the labeling of ipithelioid cells and multinucleated foreign body giant cells were variable. CONCLUSION: The findings of significant numbers of FXIIIa positive cells in dermal fibrous tumors studied suggest that thet may be diagnostic utility associated with the use of this antit)ody. In addition, CD 34 expression by the tumor cells can be an extremely useful marker in establishing a definitive diagnosis of IFSP.
Antibodies ; Dendritic Cells ; Dermatofibrosarcoma ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Factor XIIIa* ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; Keloid ; Langerhans Cells ; Neurofibroma

No abstract available.
Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

This study was carried out to clarify the effect of dietary calcium, casein, and suet on the accumulation of cadmium in mice. It was performed for 30 days, from April 11 to May 10 1988. 90 mice were divided into 4 experimental groups and control group with 6 mice each dietary group, and measured survival rate, body weight, and weight ratio of organ to body. The contents of cadmium in liver, kidney, spleen, muscle and skin with hair, and faces were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer after sacrifice by anesthesia. After 30 days, the survival rate of control group was 100%, but 66.7% in group IV(basal+Cd+Ca) with single dose of 100 microgram cadmium and with free-intake of water containing 50ppm cadmium, and group V(basal diet+Cd+suet) with free-intake of water containing 50ppm cadmium. The rate of weight gain in the case of single dose of 100 microgram cadmium was highest in group IV as 42.3% and lowest in group V as 26.0%, whereas in the cases of free intake group IV was highest as 24.0% and group II(basal diet+Cd) was lowest as 11.6%. The body weight, in the case of single dose of 100 microgram cadmium showed no increase until 5th day after acute poisoning. But in the case of free intake group, it showed very increase through all the breeding period. The weight ratio of organ to body were lowest in the liver of group II in both occasions. The most of cadmium administered were excreted through feces within 2 days after single dose of 100 microgram cadmium. The contents of cadmium in each group were significantly higher than those of control group. In the liver, kidney, spleen and muscle, group II showed the highest level in both occasions of 100 microgram single dose and free intake of water containing 50ppm cadmium. In the skin with hair, group II of the occasion with single dose of 100 microgram and group V with free intake showed the highest level. And the contents of cadmium in tissue were markedly higher in the occasion of free intake of water containing 50ppm cadmium. From the above results I would conclude that the addition of casein and calcium are effective in the inhibition of intension absorption of cadmium esp. by calcium.
Absorption ; Anesthesia ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Breeding ; Cadmium* ; Calcium ; Calcium, Dietary* ; Caseins* ; Feces ; Hair ; Kidney ; Liver ; Mice* ; Poisoning ; Skin ; Spleen ; Survival Rate ; Water ; Weight Gain

STUDY DESIGN: The authors analysed the recovery of clinical symptoms after percutaneous drainage and irrigation in pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis. OBJECTIVES: To determine the role of percutaneous drainage and irrigation in pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis is a relatively rare condition but its incidence is recently increasing due to common use of intravenous access devices and resultant nosocomial bacteremia. Management of the disease is not uniform and is controversial regarding the role of surgery and duration of use of antibiotics. At present, the role of percutaneous drainage of involved spines in treatment of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis is not well-known. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report 3 cases of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis which were treated by continuous drainage with automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy device(APLD device) and draining tube after they haute failed to conservative treatment. APLD device, fluoroscopic guide, contrast media and continuous percutaneous draining tubes were used for this procedure. The percutaneous draining tubes were maintained for 7 to 11 days and each case was followed up for 6 to 10 weeks under admission. RESULTS: Symptoms were relieved 3 to 5 weeks after this procedure. The patients were followed up to 12 to 39 months and experienced no recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous drainage and irrigation with APLD device brought prompt and marked clinical recovery. It is indicated as a supplementary method to conservative treatment or in case of high operative risk patient due to poor general conditions. It has minimal invasiveness, short clinical course and low recurrence rate.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteremia ; Contrast Media ; Diskectomy ; Drainage* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Osteomyelitis* ; Recurrence ; Spine

No abstract available.
Glutathione Transferase* ; Glutathione* ; Schistosoma japonicum* ; Schistosoma*

No abstract available.
Uterus*