No abstract available.
Child* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Lipoproteins*

Polycoria is a rare congenital anomaly of iris. In a wider sense polycoria is including iris dehiscence and iris diastasis as well as true polycoria. A case of binocular iris dehiscence accompanied with congenital anomalies of teeth was reported and literatures were reviewed.
Iris ; Telescopes* ; Tooth

Polydactyly is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the foot, but there are few papers on polydactyly of the foot reported in Korea. Forty-six supernummerary toes in thirty-semen patients were operated at Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, from May 1985 to May 1995. A clinical review was performed on these cases and the results were as follows : 1. Of the 37 patients, the proportion of unilateral involvement to bilateral was 28(76%) to 9 (24%). 2. Of the 46 toes, postaxial type was a majority involving 35 toes(76%) followed by the preaxial type 7 (15%) and central type 4(9%). 3. In anatomical pattern, Wassel's type IV and Stelling and Turek's type II were the most common ones in 7 toes of preaxial type and 39 toes of central and postaxial types. 4. The excellent results could be made by individualized reconstructive methods performed before walking age.
Classification ; Foot* ; Humans ; Korea ; Plastics ; Polydactyly* ; Toes ; Walking

Kawasaki disease is an acute vasculitis of infancy and early childhood characterized by high fever, rash, mucositis, lymphadenopathy and coronary artery damage. The failure to indentify a causative organism using convetional culture and serological techniques, and the lack of response to antibiotics indicate that the disorder is probably not due to any known bacterial or viral pathogens. During the acute phase of the disease, the alterations of T and B cell functions, changes of cytokine and immunoglobulin levels have been reported. This study was performed to investigate the changes of immunoglobulins levels in patients with Kawasaki disease. IgG, IgA, IgM and IgG subclasses were measured using immunoprecipitation and EIA in the sera of patients with Kawasaki disease. The results were as follows: 1) Acute phase reactants such as CRP and ESR were significantly increased in Kawasaki patients compared to those in control patients(p<0.01). 2) Serum IgG levels in Kawasaki disease were markedly increased than those in control patients, while serum IgA and IgM levels showed no significant changes (P: No Significance). 3) IgG1 and IgG4 were predominantly increased increased in the sera of Kawasaki patients, while IgG2 and IgG3 were not significantly increased (P: No Significance). With these results, unidentified infectious organism with abnormal immune response could be suggested as an etiologic factor of Kawasaki disease.
Acute-Phase Proteins ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child* ; Coronary Vessels ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunoprecipitation ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Mucositis ; Vasculitis

The injured tendon is thought to be healed by, extrinsic healing from tendon sheath and adjacent connective tissue, and intrinsic healing from epitenon and endotenon. About the factors influencing the healing of injured tendon, many authors reported the effects of mobilization, electricity, ultrasound and various druge. Especially, active or passive mobilization had been known to promote the healing process and to reduce adhesion. To investigate the influences of active limited mobilization, intrinsic and extrinsic healing process, right Achilles tendons of 30 New Zealand white rabbits were grouped according to the types of treatments (Group I; tenotomy of Achilles tendon only, Group II; Tenotomy and long leg cast, Group III; surgical repair after tenotomy and long leg cast). The tendon sheath was repaired in all the groups, and the left Achilles tendons were used as control. At six weeks after operation, the tendons were removed and analysed biomechanically using Instron 1000, and histologically. The following results were obtained: 1. There were significant decreased of break strength, in order of Group III, Group I and Group II(p < 0.05). But, no difference was found between control group and Group III. 2. Extension length to the rupture, was decreased significantly in the experimental groups than control group. But there was no difference among the experimental groups. 3. Histologically, dense proliferation of fibroblasts and hypertrophy of tendon was observed in Group I; and matured fibricytic tendon tissues in Group II and III. In Group II, the amount of matured tendon tissues and degree of maturity were less than in Group III. In summary, suture and active limited motion were considered as promoting factors on the tendon healing.
Achilles Tendon ; Connective Tissue ; Electricity ; Fibroblasts ; Hypertrophy ; Leg ; Rabbits ; Rupture ; Sutures ; Tendons ; Tenotomy ; Ultrasonography

The authors ana lysed statistically seventy-five cases of the eye injuries in childhood under the age of 20 years old during a full year of 1972. 1. Incidence of eye injuries under 20 years old was about 1.1% of total out-patients and 39.9% of total eye injuries. 2. The most common objects to the injury were iron pieces or iron made materials (24%) such as needle, nail, flying iron piece, toy, wire and bar etc. 3. The most common nature of eye injuries was traumatic cataract (14.2%) 4. Seasonally the high peak of injuries was in summer (33.3%) and winter vacation (30.7%) 5. Blindness(under20/200 of corrected VA) was occured finally in 10.8% of total 75 cases.
Cataract ; Diptera ; Eye Injuries* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iron ; Needles ; Outpatients ; Play and Playthings ; Seasons ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: Platinum (Pt) based drugs including cisplatin and carboplatin are widely used as anticancer drugs in various human cancers. Many studies have shown that chemotherapeutic agents synergistically enhance cell death induced by death ligands. However it has been recently reported that cisplatin may inhibit tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced cell death through inactivation of caspases. Thus, we investigated whether carboplatin also inhibits TRAIL-induced cell death. METHODS: HeLa cells were treated with TRAIL in the presence of cisplatin or carboplatin, and cell death was analyzed using the crystal violet staining method. Caspase activation was checked through detection of Bid cleavage by Western blotting using anti-Bid antibody. RESULTS: Cisplatin inhibits TRAIL-induced cell death in HeLa cells; however, carboplatin enhanced TRAIL-induced cell death. Whereas cisplatin inhibited caspase-8-mediated Bid cleavage, carboplatin had no effect on caspase-8 activity. CONCLUSION: Although cisplatin and carboplatin are platinum-containing cancer therapeutic agents, they have the opposite effects on TRAIL-induced cell death.
Blotting, Western ; Carboplatin ; Caspase 8 ; Caspases ; Cell Death ; Cisplatin ; Gentian Violet ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Ligands ; Necrosis ; Platinum

Authors have recently experienced a rare case of avulsion of the left eye ball due to ocular injury in 7 years old Korean girl. The eye ball was completely exposed out of the lid margin. In this case authors supposed that the dynamic inertia was played a major role in the mechanism of avulsion of this eye ball. A breief review of other literatures has also been described.
Child ; Female ; Humans

In an effort to reduce the false-negative rate of PAP smear, several new technologic screening methods have recently evolved. Cervicography is one of these methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the screening use of cervicography as an adjunctive method and the clinical effectiveness of cervicography in korean reports, compared with other countries. And we estimated the specificity and sensitivity of cervicography in cervical cancer screening in several korean reports. The results were : 1. The sensitivity of cervicography and pap smear was 89.2% and 85.7%. 2. The false negative rate of cervicography and pap smear was 3.8% and 22.4%. 3. When cervicography and Pap smear were used conjointly, the sensitivity was higher than for cervicography or pap smear used alone(95.7% vs 89.2%, 95.7% vs 85.7%) Cervicography is one of the useful screening method for detect cervical cancer, However when cervicography are used in conjunction with Pap smear, the detection rate of cervical cancer will be increased.
Mass Screening* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

OBJECTIVE: Terson's syndrome, a complication of visual function, has occasionally been reported in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), however the factors responsible for Terson's syndrome in aneurysmal SAH patients have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we report on potential risk factors for prediction and diagnosis of Terson's syndrome in the earlier stage of the disease course in patients with aneurysmal SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed the data of 322 consecutive patients who suffered from aneurysmal SAH in a single institution between Jan. 2007 and Dec. 2013. Medical records including demographics, neurologic examination, and radiologic images were collected to clarify the risk factors of Terson's syndrome. Patients with visual problem were consulted to the Department of Ophthalmology. RESULTS: Among 332 patients with aneurysmal SAH, 34 patients were diagnosed as Terson's syndrome. Four individual factors, including World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade at admission, aneurysm size, method of operation, and Glasgow outcome scale showed statistically significant association with occurrence of Terson's syndrome. Of these, WFNS grade at admission, aneurysm size, and method of operation showed strong association with Terson's syndrome in multivariate analysis. Terson's syndrome accompanied by papilledema due to increased intracranial pressure led to permanent visual complication. CONCLUSION: In patients with aneurysmal SAH, the patients' WFNS grade at admission, the size of the aneurysms, particularly the diameter of the aneurysm dome, and the method of operation might influence development of Terson's syndrome.
Aneurysm* ; Demography ; Diagnosis ; Glasgow Outcome Scale ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neurologic Examination ; Ophthalmology ; Papilledema ; Retrospective Studies* ; Risk Factors* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage