No abstract available.
Humans ; Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome* ; Survivors*

No abstract available.
Arthroplasty* ; Hip*

Paget's disease is a disorder of middle or older aged persons in which abnormal osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity spontaneously occurs within the affected portion of any particular bone or bones. This causes a gradual gross structural alteration through continuous remodeling. The occurance of Pagets disease is extremely rare in China, Japan, Middle East, and Africa. We have experienced one case of Paget's disease of bone affecting the spine and femur, which is reported in this paper with brief review of literature.
Africa ; China ; Femur ; Humans ; Incidence ; Japan ; Middle East ; Osteitis Deformans ; Osteoblasts ; Osteoclasts ; Spine

The head injuried patient with skeletal trauma is a challege to the orthopedic surgeon. The orthopedist initially may face the difficult management of fracture and dislocation in the patient associated with head injury. The management of the injuries to the head takes precedence over extremity injuries initially, but the orthopedist must be managed aggresively with assumption that full neurologic recovery will occur. This report analysed the treatment and results in 85 cases fracture and dislocation with head injury among the 59 patients at the Chungnam National University Hospital during the period ranging from March, 1980 to March, 1983. End result obtained are as follows: 1. The sex ratio between the male and female was 3.9: 1 and the prevalent age distribution was from 21 to 30 years of age. 2. The motorcycle accident was most common cause of the trauma and the next most frequent one was the automobile accident. 3. Type of head injury were contusion or concussion, intracranial hemorrhage, linear skull fracture, depressed skull fracture and open skull fracture. 4. Better result were obtained by operative treatment in femur fracture, especially spastic group. 5. The incidence of delayed diagnosis was 8 cases and the delay in diagnosis ranged from 15 to 95 days with an average of 38 days. 6. We, consulting with neurosurgeon, must assume that full neurologic recovery will take place and so open reduction and internal fixation should be carried out as quickly as possible.
Age Distribution ; Automobiles ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Clinical Study ; Contusions ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations ; Extremities ; Female ; Femur ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Male ; Motorcycles ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neurosurgeons ; Orthopedics ; Sex Ratio ; Skull Fracture, Depressed ; Skull Fractures

No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Head* ; Osteonecrosis*

The gene for tyrosinase has been mapped to the long arm of chromosome 11 at 11q14-21. The gene is at least 50Kb in length and its coding region is divided into five exons. Until now several mutations of the tyrosinase gene have been identifed in patient with typical oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) who are responsible for tyrosinase negative OCA. It may be possible to determine the types of OCA by measuring the hairbulb tyrosinase activity. Hairbulb tyrosinase activity was examined in a Korean albino to determine the type of OCA. And also tyrosinase assay was carried out in normally pigmented individuals and all members of a Korean albino's family to examine the tyrosinase activities. Five exons of tyrosinase gene from a Korean albino were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Each amplified exon segments were independently subcloned and DNA sequences of clones were determined. The results obtained were as follows : 1. A Korean albino had no measurable hairbulb tyrosinase activity and was identified as type IA (tyrosinase negative) oculocutaneous albinism. 2. Normally pigmented individuals had different ranges of hairbulb tyrosinase activity. 3. A Korean albino had two single base insertions within exon V (between 337bp and 338bp, 353bp and 354bp) of tyrosinase gene. These insertional mutations might disrupt tyrosinase function and were associated with a total lack of melanin biosynthesis.
Albinism* ; Albinism, Oculocutaneous ; Arm ; Base Sequence ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; Clinical Coding ; Clone Cells ; Exons ; Humans ; Melanins ; Monophenol Monooxygenase* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop a culturally sensitive instrument that addressed how individuals express and experience depression to detect this disorder in Koreans. We also assessed the validity, reliability, and diagnostic utility of this scale (Lee and Rhee Depression Scale; LRDS). METHODS: The sample consisted of 3,697 normal adults selected from 12 administrative districts (Do) and 448 Korean patients diagnosed with depression using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID-I). Reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. Construct validity, discriminant validity, and concurrent validity were also measured. Receiver-operator-characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to evaluate diagnostic efficiency. RESULTS: The LRDS was found to be a reliable instrument (Cronbach's alpha=0.95) consisting of six factors: negative thinking about the future, negative thinking about the self, worry and agitation, depressed mood, somatization, and loss of volition. Comparison of LRDS scores discriminated the group of patients with depression from the normal individuals in the control group. The measure showed good concurrent validity in that scores were significantly and strongly correlated with scores on established scales such as the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and the D scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-second edition (MMPI-2). Diagnostic efficiency was 77.7%, and the cut-off scores were 65 for males and 70 for females. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study to develop a depression-screening scale on the basis of Korean patients' complaints about the disorder. As a culturally sensitive tool, the LRDS will be useful in clinical and research settings in Korea.
Adult ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Depression ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Dihydroergotamine ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Minnesota ; Thinking ; Volition ; Weights and Measures

INTRODUCTION: In patients with mandibular prognathism, Bilateral Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy(BSSRO) combined with orthodontic treatment reduces oral volume and influences tongue and other surrounding tissues. Purpose of this study was to analyze post-operative tongue position and airway dimension, as well as mandibular changes in vertical, horizontal, and angular dimensions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Height of dorsum of tongue, width of airway, gonial angle and lower facial height of mandibular prognathic patients who visited Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital from Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2006 were anaylzed via pre-operative and post-operative cephalograms. T-test was used to compare pre-operative and post-operative measurements. Also, correlations among pre-operative measurements of the patients were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A significant correlation was shown between ANS-Xi-PM area and location of dorsum of tongue in pre-operative patients. A significant superior movement of tongue and decrease of airway width was observed in post-operative patients. Also the upper gonial angle decreased significantly.
Heart ; Humans ; Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus* ; Prognathism ; Tongue*

PURPOSE: Brain metastasis is infrequent in colorectal cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics including the survival, type of treatment, and metastatic patterns of brain metastasis in colorectal cancer. METHODS: Between January 1993 and September 2002, we analyzed 2,019 surgical patients with colorectal carcinoma operated at Korea Cancer Center Hospital. Among these patients, 13 patients were identified with metastatic colorectal cancer to the brain. The medical records of these patients were reviewed retrospectively and survival analysis was performed. RESULTS: During the study period, the incidence of brain metastasis of colorectal cancer was 0.6%. Male-to-female ratio was 1:1.6. Mean age was 55.2+/-9.7 years and median age was 56 years (34~67years). The most frequent primary tumor site was the rectum (11 cases, 84.6%). and the most frequent symptom of brain metastasis was headache. According to the TNM staging system, there were 1 case in stage II, 8 cases in stage III, and 4 cases in stage IV at the time of initial diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Brain metastases were often occurred concurrently with lung metastases (9 cases, 69.2%), otherwise solitary brain metastasis was found in 4 cases. Between the diagnosis of primary cancer and the diagnosis of brain metastasis, the mean interval was 25.9+/-6.9 months and the median interval was 16 months (5~97) in stage II and III patients. The mean survival time after the diagnosis of brain metastasis was 18.5 months for patients who underwent surgery and 3.3 months for patients who received non-surgical therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Brain metastasis of colorectal cancer is relatively uncommon and the incidence is significantly low, commonly more or less than 1%. It is often accompanied by pulmonary metastasis. The results of this study show that surgical resection may increase the survival of these patients. Though inability to the awareness of the possibility and early diagnosis of brain metastasis in colorectal cancer could affect the poor prognosis, aggressive treatment in suitable cases might enhance the survival for this group of patients.
Brain* ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Headache ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Rectum ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Increased levels of pancreatic enzymes have been reported in patients with renal insufficiency even in the absence of pancreatic diseases. Here, we analyzed serum amylase and lipase levels in chronic renal failure patients according to the degree of azotemia and the treatment modality. METHODS: Serum amylase and lipase levels were reviewed in 95 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, 105 patients on hemodialysis, 71 patients with renal transplantation, and 73 patients without treatment. Age and sex matched 344 normal healthy controls were selected among those who checked their serum amylase and lipase levels during the same study period. RESULTS: Mean value of amylase level in the patient group (93.7+/-76.5 U/L) was higher than healthy controls (63.8+/-21.4 U/L) (p<0.001) and lipase level in the patient group (212.3+/-195.0 U/L) was higher than healthy control (95.2+/-45.1 U/L) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in amylase and lipase levels according to the treatment modality in the patient group. The correlations between creatinine clearance and amylase (r=-0.148, p=0.012) or lipase (r=-0.119, p=0.042) were found to be inverse only when the creatinine clearance falls below 50 mL/min. CONCLUSIONS: Serum amylase and lipase levels are about 1.5 times and 2.2 times higher in chronic renal failure patients than healthy controls regardless of treatment modality. The elevations of amylase and lipase levels are inversely correlated with creatinine clearance when it falls below 50 mL/min.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Amylases/*blood ; Creatinine/blood ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/*enzymology/therapy ; Lipase/*blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Replacement Therapy