OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to identify 3 to 5 years of future management issues in hospital information systems (HIS). METHODS: Two rounds of interview surveys were conducted based on the sample survey of 50 managers from 28 hospital information centers utilizing the Delphi method. RESULTS: From the survey, management issues in HIS were identified in the following order: 'top management support', 'close relationship with users', 'PACS', 'disaster recovery', improving IS strategic planning'. Compared with the 1999 survey, the issues that rank within the top 10 management issues were as follows: 'top management support', 'security and control', 'close relationship with users'. Recently surfaced issues are 'disaster recovery' and 'standardization'. The issues that dropped out of the top 10 ranks were 'network management', 'recruiting and developing IS human resource'which were very fundamental issues in the initial state of the introduction of the hospital information system. CONCLUSION: The two main significance of this study involves predicting future management issues based on the comparison of the current issues with the 1999 issues and recommendingmanagement strategies based on the classification of issues by importance and persistence.
Classification ; Hospital Information Systems* ; Humans ; Information Centers

BACKGROUND: Obesity is known to influence on physical, mental, functional health problems but there have been no study of relationship between body mass index (BMI) and quality of life (QOL) in Korean elderly. METHODS: A total of 216 elderly who had been attending two geriatric welfare facilities in Seoul answered the Korean version of obesity-related quality of life (KOQOL) questionnaire. Height, weight, waist circumference were measured. Body fat (%) was measured with HTM20 by impedance technique. Sociodemographic and medical factors were interviewed. QOL was assessed using KOQOL (ver.1) after excluding two sexual life related questions and one work related question. The total score is 48 points. The higher is the score, the poorer is the QOL. RESULTS: In multivariable analysis, BMI, age, history of diabetes mellitus, history of osteoarthritis were associated with KOQOL score. Especially, BMI was significantly associated with KOQOL score after adjusting for waist circumference, body fat (%) (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: The more BMI increases, the worse the obesity related QOL is in Korean ambulatory elderly.
Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Electric Impedance ; Humans ; Obesity ; Osteoarthritis ; Quality of Life ; Waist Circumference ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Hyperprolactinemia*

The eye is a relatively isolated organ and tends to retain or accumulate compounds within itself. Unless the eye possesses a mechanism for detoxifying drugs and chemicals that are carried to ocular tissues via the circulating blood, the compounds may cause visual impairment. The purposes of this experiment was judged by drug metabolizing action by cytochrome P-450 system, distribution and effect of metabolism of arachidonic acid and distribution of lipid peroxide formation and phospholipids in the lens, cornea and choroid-retina of pig ocular tissues. The results were as follows: 1. The activities of mixed-function oxidase, cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome C reductase were the highest in the choroid-retina compared to the lens and cornea. 2. The activities of drug metabolizing enzymes, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, 7-ethoxycoumarin-o-deethy lase and benzphetamine-N-demethy lase, heme oxygenase activity, and the activity of arachidonic acid metabolizing enzyme, cyclooxygenase were the highest in the choroid-retina compared to the lens and cornea. 3. Lipid peroxide formation was the highest in the cornea compared to the lens and choroid retina. 4. In distribution of phospholipids, sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine were the highest in the choroid-retina compared to the lens and cornea and phosphatidylethanolamine was the highest in the cornea campa red to the lens and choroid-retina. 5. Cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme of pig ocular tissues was confirmed in the same form of MAb(Monoclonal Antibody) PCN(pregenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile) 213-1.
Arachidonic Acid* ; Choroid ; Cornea ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System* ; Cytochromes* ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ; Metabolism* ; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase ; Oxidoreductases ; Phosphatidylcholines ; Phospholipids ; Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases ; Retina ; Vision Disorders

Authors evaluated the electrocardiographic criteria of Minnesota Code (III-1, III-2) for the diagnosis of left and right ventricular hypertrophy in 93 cases of healthy peoples, 74 cases of left ventricular hypertrophy and 4 cases of right ventricular hypertrophy and following results were obtained. 1. By left ventricular hypertropy criteria (III-1), there were 5.4% of false positive and 14.9% of false negative cases. 2. By right ventricular hypertrophy criteria III-2), there were 24.7% of false positive and 20.0% of false negative cases. 3. Electrocardiographic diagnosis of ventricular hypertrophy by Minnesota Code (III-1, III-2) were more reliable criteria than many other criteria of ventricular hypertrophy.
Diagnosis* ; Electrocardiography ; Hypertrophy* ; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; Minnesota*

The Changes of soluble Fas levels in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases BACKGROUD: Apoptosis was observed in thyroid tissue from Hashimoto disease but not those from Graves disease. Recently Fas and Fas ligand interactions among thyrocytes were suggested to development of clinical hypothyroidism in Hashimoto disease.Soluble Fas produced as the form lacking the tranmembrane domain due to alternative splicing, is supposed to inhibit Fas-Fas ligand interaction and blocks Fas mediated apoptosis. METHODS: In tbis study, we measured serum soluble Fas to determine the possible involvement of this molecule in the autoimmune thyroid disease by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay in 29 patients with Graves disease, 30 patients with Hashimotos disease and 19 normal controls. RESULTS: Compared with normal subjeets (4.26 +/- 1.00 U/mL), soluble Fas was not increased in patients with Graves disease (4.23 +/- 1.14 U/mL, p>0.05) but it was increased in throtoxic Graves patients (4.70 +/- 1.26 U/mL, p<0.05) compared to euthyroid Graves (3.72 +/- 0.73 U/mL, p<0.05) and normal subjects (4.26 +/- 1.00 U/mL, p<0.05). The euthyroid and hypothyroid patients with Hashimoto disease showed low soluble Fas levels, 2.94 +/- 0.54 U/mL and 2.74 U/mL, respectively compare to the patients with Graves disease and normal subjects. The thyroid hormone levels to (T3 T4 and free T4) showed positive correlation with the serum titers of antithyroid autoantibodies, antithyroglobuin antibodies, antiperoxidase antibodies and thyrotropin binding inhibitor immunoglobulins. CONCLUSION: We found that the patients with thyrotoxic Graves disease had increased level of serum soluble Fas and the patients with Hashimoto disease showed low levels of soluble Fas compared to normal controls. Increased soluble Fas in Graves disease suggests increased expression of alternatively spliced Fas mRNA variant and decreased soluble Fas in Hashimoto disease suggests decreased Fas mRNA variant and increased full length membrane Fas, so these findings are related to the promotion of apoptosis of thyroid cells during autoimmune reaction in Hashimotos disease.
Alternative Splicing ; Antibodies ; Apoptosis ; Autoantibodies ; Fas Ligand Protein ; Graves Disease ; Hashimoto Disease ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Immunoglobulins ; Membranes ; RNA, Messenger ; Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyrotropin

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was done to identify the nursing care needs of patients in the recovery room. METHOD: The subjects in this study were 127 patients in a recovery room between 6/9/2001 and 24/9/2001. The instrument used for this study was the descriptive questionnaire developed by Shin Hyun-Jin (1999). The data was analysed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, and factor analysis using the SPSS program. RESULT: 1) Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sample appropriateness was 0.799 and Bartlett's test of sphericity significant probability was 0.000. 2) The mean score for nursing care need of patients in the recovery room was 4.17+/-.51 of a total possible score of 5. The score of nursing need for different parameters was as follows: Educational need (4.31+/-.49), physical need (4.27+/-.47), emotional need (4.11+/-.52), environmental need (3.99+/-.56). 3) Differences in the needs for nursing care according to the demographics were significant for gender, marital status, operation experience, and departments consulted. General characteristic variables significantly related to nursing need were as follows: Physical need significantly related to the departments consulted (F=2.23, p=.036). Educational need significantly related to the marital status (F=2.55, P=.012), departments consulted (F=2.30, p=.031). Emotional need significantly related to the marital status (F=2.22, p=.028). Environmental need significantly related to the gender (t=-2.44, p=.016), marital status (F=2.01, p=.046), operation experience (t=-1.99, p=.048). CONCLUSION: Nursing care needs of patients in the recovery room are significantly related to educational need, physical need, emotional need and environmental need. Intervention plans and program need to be developed to improve strategies to meet nursing needs of patients in the recovery room.
Demography ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Nursing Care ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recovery Room*

Five species of the Laboulbeniales, including two unrecorded species are reported from South Korea. They are as follows; Dioicomyces anthici Thaxter on Anthicus confucii Marseul, Laboulbenia melanaria Thaxter on Anisodacthius tricuspidatus Morawitz, L. philonthi Thaxter on Philonthus wuesthoffi Bernhauer, Peyritschiella japonicus Terada on Philonthus japonicus Sharp, and Scaphidiomyces baeocerae Thaxter on Scaphisoma unicolor Achard. Among these species, L. melanaria Thaxter, S. baeocerae Thaxter and the male thallus of D. anthici Thaxter are newly described from South Korea. L. Philonthi Thaxter and P. japonicus Terada are newly collected in some places where were unlike with the examined region ago.
Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Republic of Korea

In obsterics and gynecology laparoscopic surgery is increasing in numbers and gaining wide popularity replacing classical laparotomy and is becoming new trend in surgical fields. Laparoscopic surgery is favoured over the classical laparotomy because of numerous advantages but it can cause complications by insuffulatory CO2 to induce artificial pneumoperitoneum. Therefore, wide knowledges and thorough understandings of anesthesiologist on the prevention of complications and their treatments are essential. Authors present one case that the patient developed subcutaneous emphysema and ateleciasis on right upper lobe, pulmonary edema in left side lung resulting from inadvertent one lung ventilation during laparoscopic hysterectomy under general anesthesia and on trendelenberg position.
Anesthesia, General* ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hysterectomy* ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Lung ; One-Lung Ventilation* ; Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial ; Pulmonary Edema ; Subcutaneous Emphysema*

PURPOSE: To determine the usefulness of compression standard JPEG2000 for compression of mammographic images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Image of a mammographic phantom was compressed using JPEG2000 at ratios of 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1 and 60:1. The sizes of the images were compared, and scores were recorded by counting the numbers of fibers, groups of specks and masses seen in each phantom image. More than four fibers, three groups of specks and three masses and a total score of 10 were considered acceptable. RESULTS: The size of a DICOM image was 17,042 KB, a TIFF image was 8,324 KB, the original JPEG image was 1,506 KB and the most compressed image (50:1) above an acceptable total score of 10 was 43 KB. In each category, the compression image of fiber was acceptable up to compression ratio of 50:1 (score of 5), groups of specks was acceptable up to 60:1 (score of 3) and mass was acceptable up to 50:1 (score of 3.5). The total score, which was acquired by adding up the individual scores of all three categories, for a compression ratio of 50:1 was 12 and was acceptable, but the total score for 60:1 was 8 and was not acceptable. CONCLUSION: The compression standard JPEG2000 is an efficient means for compressing mammographic images at high ratios without compromising diagnostic value.
Data Compression*