Intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia of the stomach have been stressed as precursors of gastric carcinoma of the intestinal type, although their preneoplastic nature is still debated. In this study, the cytomorphometric and cytokinetic spectra of the suggested preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the stomach were investigated. From the resected stomachs of early gastric carcinoma of intestinal type, areas of normal, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma were selected. They were immunostained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, counterstained with propidium iodide, and various nuclear parameters were measured by image analysis. Normal and intestinal metaplastic mucosae differed by the localization of proliferation zone, but not by nuclear profile area, circular shape factor, and proliferation index. In dysplasia, proliferation zone covered large parts of the dysplastic area. Nuclear profile area and proliferation index were larger whereas circular shape factor was smaller than in normal or intestinal metaplasia. Carcinomatous lesion had diffuse proliferation activity, the largest nuclear profile area and proliferating index, and circular shape factor in-between those of normal or intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia. The above results showed a structural spectrum among normal of intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and carcinoma of intestinal type in cytomorphometric and cytokinetic terms. The structural spectrum raises the possibility that dysplasia of the stomach is a preneoplastic lesion.

No abstract available.
Aneurysm, False*

No abstract available.
Aspergillosis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver ; Lung ; Maxillary Sinus

Metabolic acidosis (MA) is associated with increased proteolysis, increased osteoclast activity and blunted cardiac muscle response, but the effect of MA on various clinic al parameters in CAPD patients is not well known. To evaluate the effects of MA on serum albumin level and other nutritional parameters in CAPD patients, we studied 106 CAPD patients retrospectively who have had monthly biochemical measurement and urea kinetic studies every 6 months for more than 2 years. The patients were divided into three groups according to their mean total CO2 (tCO2) level of the 2-year follow-up (Group l; mean tCO2 < 22mM/L, Group ll; 22mM/L < or = mean tCO2 < 26mM/L, and Group lll; mean tCO2 > or = 26mM/L), and the clinical, biochemical, and urea kinetic data were compared among the three groups. 1)The mean age of the subjects was 46.9+/-12.2 years with a sex ratio of 1.2:1, the mean CAPD duration 28.3+/-21.8 months, mean body weight (Bwt) 59.0+/-8.9kg, %Bwt/IBW 104.1+/-11.5%, %LBM/Bwt 75.5+/-11.1% and well-nourished patients by subjective global assessment (SGA) were 65%. 2)The mean BUN, creatinine, total protein and albumin of all patients were 55.6+/-13.6mg/dL, 12.3+/-3.5mg/dL, 6.6+/-0.7g/dL and 4.0+/-0.4g/dL, respectively. In urea kinetic study, the mean NPCR, weekly Kt/ Vurea, SCCr and RRF were 0.96+/-0.16g/kg/day, 2.02+/-0.37, 63.7+/-18.4L/week/1.73m2, and 0.99+/-1.32ml/ min, respectively. 3)The mean age was significantly higher in group l (51.0+/-10.8) than those of group ll (47.0+/-12.4) and lll (42.6+/-11.4) (P<0.05). %Bwt/IBW of group l (114.4+/-15.8%) was also significantly higher than those of group ll (104.6+/-12.6%) and lll (103.5+/-13.7 %) (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in sex ratio, CAPD duration, %LBM/Bwt, and SGA among the three groups. 4)The mean tCO2 in group l, group ll, and group lll were 20.6+/-1.2mM/L, 23.9+/-1.1mM/L, and 27.3+/-0.8mM/L, respectively. Compared to group lll, group l had significantly higher BUN (61.1+/-14.3 vs. 46.1+/-7.2mg/dL, P<0.05) and serum albumin (4.04+/-0.31 vs. 3.75+/-0.39g/dL, P<0.05), in spite of comparable dialysis dose and albumin loss into dialysate. 5)NPCR (1.02+/-0.21g/kg/day vs. 0.88+/-0.14g/kg/ day, P<0.05) and ultrafiltration volume (1.4+/-0.4 vs. 1.0+/-0.3, P<0.05) were significantly higher in group l than those of group lll. But there were no significant differences in Kt/Vurea, SCCr, RRF, and 24-hour dialysate loss of protein/albumin among the three groups. 6)No differences were observed among the three groups in the changes of body weight, %Bwt/IBW, %LBM/Bwt, BUN, albumin, NPCR, and RRF from the baseline values after the 2-year follow-up. 7)There were significant inverse correlations between the mean tCO2 level and NPCR (r=-0.33, P<0.001), %Bwt/IBW (r=-0.32, P<0.001), RRF (r=-0.29, P<0.005), and serum albumin level (r=-0.24, P<0.05). But, creatinine, %LBM/Bwt, and Kt/Vurea did not show any correlation with the mean tCO2 level. 8)Using stepwise multiple regression analysis, NPCR (beta=-0.3491, P<0.001), %Bwt/IBW (beta=-0.046, P<0.001), and ultrafiltration volume (beta=-0.0012, P< 0.005) were independent factors affecting the mean tCO2 level. In conclusion, low total CO2 level in long-term CAPD patients may reflect increased protein intake and mild to moderate degree of metabolic acidosis may not affect the nutritional status of well-dialyzed CAPD patients.
Acidosis* ; Body Weight ; Creatinine ; Dialysis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardium ; Nutritional Status ; Osteoclasts ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Proteolysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Serum Albumin* ; Sex Ratio ; Ultrafiltration ; Urea

Despite improvements in dialysis care, the mortality of patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD) remains high. One factor that has so far received little attention, but which might contribute to morbidity and mortality, is the timing of referral to the nephrologist. We performed a retrospective analysis in 358 patients(male 275, female 151) who were initiated renal replacement therapy first at this hospital from Jan 1995 to Dec 1996. Patients were defined by the time of first nephrology as early referral(E, n=163) encountered after more than 8 weeks; late early referral(LE, n=19) encountered between 8 weeks and 4 weeks; late referral(L, n=55) encountered from 1 week to 4 weeks; urgent referral(U, n= 121) encountered less than 1 week. There were no differences in age, gender, primary renal disease, cause of dialysis, and renal replacement therapy modalities. However, there were significant differences in rnean arterial pressure and serum phosphate levels between these 4 groups. The mean arterial pressures (mmHg) were 109.15 +/- 17.16, 105.37+/-18.76, 117.24 +/- 27.24 and 116.98+/-24.26 for E, LE, L and U, respectively(p<0.05, compared E to U). In the U group, serum phosphate levels were elevated at initiation of dialysis compared to the E group(6.39+/-1.72 vs 7.29 +/- 3.54mg/dL, p<0.05). One year mortality in the U group had on increased tendency compared to the E group, especially earlier mortality(7.4% vs 14.9N, p>0.05). In the E group, there was more controlled blood pressure and serum phosphate levels compared to the U group at initiation of renal replacement therapy, but other parameters were not significantly different among the 4 groups. Delays in initiation of renal replacement therapy may result in patients entering dialysis in a compromised state, therefore adequate long-term predialysis care by a nephrologist is important. Socioeconomic - and medical factors respon-sible for late referral and late initiation of dialysis need to be evaluated and corrected to further improve the outcome of these patients.
Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Dialysis* ; Female ; Humans ; Mortality ; Nephrology ; Referral and Consultation* ; Renal Replacement Therapy ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: We report a case of orbital pseudotumor developed in an anophthalmic socket, presenting no typical symptoms or signs. METHODS: A 67-year-old woman was referred for treatment of necrotizing scleritis of her left eye and painful orbital pseudotumor of her right eye. The right eye had been removed 10 years previously. There was an irregular mass in superomedial portion of anterior orbit. Orbital MRI showed poorly defined T1 iso and low T2 signal intensity of a lesion in the medial anterior portion of the right orbit. Because systemic steroid administration was limited, 2 mg of betamethasone was injected locally, after which the size of the lesion was decreased and the orbital pain improved. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of an orbital pseudotumor developed in an anophthalmic socket may be difficult because of the lack of typical eyeball-related signs or symptoms such as proptosis, red eye, or decreased vision. But, the easy access to the lesion can provide early and effective treatment through direct injection of glucocorticoid.
Aged ; Anophthalmos* ; Betamethasone ; Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orbit* ; Orbital Pseudotumor ; Scleritis

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the correlation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations in follicular fluid (FF) with the ovarian response as well as the age in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). METHODS: This study was performed in 72cycles who underwent COH for in vitro fertilization at infertility clinic of Changwon Hanmaeum Hospital and Pusan National University Hospital from Aug., 2003 to Dec., 2003. Each FF was collected at the oocyte retrieval according to the follicular size and VEGF concentrations in FF were assessed. We analyzed the correlation of VEGF concentrations in FF with ovarian response as well as the age in women undergoing COH. RESULTS: In 72cycles, the clinical pregnancy rate was 37.5% (27cycles). There were no significant differences in patient's age, ampules of gonadotropin used, estradiol (E2) level on the day of hCG administration, the number of oocyte retrieved, and fertilization rate between pregnant and nonpregnant groups. However, positive correlation was found between the follicular size and VEGF concentrations in FF in pregnant and nonpregnant groups. No significant correlation was found between age and VEGF concentrations in FF. There were no significant differences in the VEGF concentrations in FF between pregnant and nonpregnant women by age. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that VEGF concentrations in FF cannot be the marker for the prediction of ovarian response, and have no correlation with all parameters of COH including patients' age with exception for the follicular size.
Busan ; Estradiol ; Female ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Follicular Fluid* ; Gonadotropins ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Humans ; Infertility ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy Rate ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

No abstract available.
Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable* ; Hemorrhage* ; Thrombin*

No abstract available.
Decompression* ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Spine* ; Titanium*

No abstract available.
Osteoporosis* ; Spondylolisthesis*