Two cases of Reye's syndrome in an age of 14months and a 3 years female were observed. The laboratory findings revealed increased SGPT, SGOT and hypoglycemia, respectively. Clinical findings were also compatable with this syndrome. In one case, liver biopsy revealed fatty infiltration of the liver cells. A brief review of related literatures was presented.
Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Liver ; Reye Syndrome*

This paper presents a case of ganglioneuroblastoma in 3-year-old Korean boy which was arised from right adrenal gland. The tumors arising from the ganglion cells of the peripheral nervous system are ganglioneuroma, neurplastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma. We experienced a case of ganglioneuroblastoma recently which was confirmed histologically and excised successfully. Also we made a brief review of literatures.
Adrenal Glands ; Child, Preschool ; Ganglion Cysts ; Ganglioneuroblastoma* ; Ganglioneuroma ; Humans ; Male ; Peripheral Nervous System

This paper represents the clinical observations including the causes of admission and of deaths in pediatric age admitted during Jan. 1971 to Dec. 1975, into the pediatric ward of St. Paul's Hospital, Catholic Medical College located in the east zone of Seoul, covering the middle socio-economical classes in the regional and suburban populations. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Total admissions during 5 year-period were 2005, with the ratio of male to female 1.63/1. 2. In age distribution, the neonates and the infants less than 1year of age occupied 47.5%of total admissions and 65.9% of total deaths. 3. Major leading diseases of admission were bronchitis and pneumonia, gastroenteritis, pre-maturity, tuberculosis and upper respiratory tract infections, in order of incidence. 4. Total deaths were 129 and the mortality rate was 6.4%. 5. Major leading causes of deaths were pneumonia, pre-maturity, tuberculosis, septicemia, in order of incidence. The diseases of higher fatality rate were idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome, septicemia, encephalitis and encephalopathy, birth trauma and heart disease. 6. The death occurred within 48 hours after admission was 65.9% of total deaths.
Age Distribution ; Bronchitis ; Cause of Death ; Encephalitis ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Inpatients* ; Male ; Mortality* ; Parturition ; Pneumonia ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Seoul ; Sepsis ; Suburban Population ; Tuberculosis

PURPOSE: Platelet Rich Plasma(PRP) application is increasing with sinus inlay bone graft, but there is few research with radiographic ananlysis on effect of PRP in maxillary sinus. The author investigated the amount of bony changes of maxillary sinus for dental implantation among the patients with maxillary inlay graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: With 10 patients who were treated with sinus inlay autologous bone grafting combined with PRP technique, and with 5 patients who were treated with sinus inlay grafting only without PRP, the panoramic radiographys which were taken at preoperation, immediate postoperation, 3months postoperation, and 4 months postoperation(a month after dental implantation)periods were analysed. The films had been scanned, and then proceeded throughout image analysis system. The bone density of maxillary grafted sites was compared with adjacent tooth enamel density and remeasured according to density luminosity of each film. The density changes on PRP group and bone graft only group were an lysed with non-parameteric statistics method. RESULTS: In PRP combined patients group, bone density on postoperation periods was increased totally. The remarkable enhanced change of bone density was observed on 3 months postoperation period, thereafter the increasing rate was slightly reduced . In only bone graft patients group, bone density on postoperation periods was also increased compared with preoperation period, but the bone density of 4 months postoperation period was decreased compared with 3 months postoperation period. The amount of bone density on PRP group was significantly changed according to periods in contrast to bone graft only group. CONCLUSION: The bone density on PRP group was remarkably increased at 3 months postoperation compared to bone graft only group and it was seemed to be associated with more new bone formation, less grafted bone resorption at bone grafted sites with PRP.
Blood Platelets* ; Bone Density ; Bone Resorption ; Bone Transplantation ; Dental Enamel ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Humans ; Inlays ; Maxillary Sinus ; Osteogenesis ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Tooth ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: It has been well known that alcohol can modulate several ligand-gated ion channel and voltage-gated ion channels. But the roles of alcohol in the autonomic neurons still remain unclear. In this study, thus we characterized the neuronal acetylcholine receptor (nnAChRs) and investigated the modulation of nnAChRs by ethanol (EtOH). METHODS: We used whole-cells which were acutely dissociated male rat major pelvic ganglion (MPG) neurons, and used gramicidin perforated patch clamp techniques. RESULTS: MPG neurons can be classified on the basis of the response of the soma membrane to depolarizing current pulses ; either tonic or phasic neurons. Sympathetic neurons expressing T-type Ca(2+) channels showed tonic firing pattern, while parasympathetic neurons lacking T-type Ca(2+) channels phasic firing to depolarizing current pulses. When hyperpolarizing currents were injected, sympathetic neurons produced post-anodal rebound spikes, while parasympathetic neurons were silent. Under current clamp mode, Acetylcholine (ACh) evoked significant membrane depolarization and produced subsequently marked membrane hyperporization. Under whole-cell mode, application of ACh-induced inward currents held at holding potentials below 0 mV and reversal potential was close to 0 mV, an equilibrium potential of nonselective cation channel. The ACh-activated current was blocked by methyllycaconitine (MLA ; 10 micrometer), hexamethonium (100 micrometer) and alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-BuTx ; 100 nM), nAChRs antagonists. EtOH (40 mM) potentiated ACh-induced depolarization and hyperpolarization. EtOH also increased both alpha-BuTx-sensitive and -insensitive ACh-activated currents. Futhermore, EtOH potentiated 5-HT-activated current but had a little effect on GABA-activated current. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that EtOH modulates nnAChRs and 5-HT receptors in MPG neurons.
Acetylcholine ; Animals ; Bungarotoxins ; Carisoprodol ; Ethanol ; Fires ; Ganglia, Autonomic ; Ganglion Cysts ; Gramicidin ; Hexamethonium ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; Male ; Membranes ; Neurons ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Receptors, Nicotinic* ; Receptors, Serotonin

Thirteen patients were operated for cubital tunnel syndrome and followed for an average of 26 months postoperatively. Ten patients had a history of relevant trauma and three patients had degenerative osteoarthritis of the elbow. The average duration of symptoms was 18 months (range, 2 to 96 months). Diagnosis was made by physical examination, electromyography and nerve conduction study. Among these, nerve conduction study was found to be the most valuable diagnostic method for the patients with atypical clinical findings. Most of the operations were performed by anterior transposition of the ulnar nerve. At the most recent follow-up, the result was excellent in two patients, good in eight, and fair in three; thus ten patients(77%) showed satisfactory results. The rating system for ulnar neuropathy based on sensory, motor dysfunction and pain was useful for evaluating the operative results. The postoperative gain of score for pain and sensory function were larger than that of motor function. Factors known to influence the result of the operation (age, duration of symptom, history of trauma, method of operation) did not effect the outcome in this study. For successful operation, the ulnar nerve must be thoroughly examined, all possible levels of compression must be released and new foci of compression must be created.
Cubital Tunnel Syndrome ; Diagnosis ; Elbow ; Electromyography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methods ; Neural Conduction ; Osteoarthritis ; Physical Examination ; Sensation ; Ulnar Nerve ; Ulnar Neuropathies

Jessner's lymphocytic infiltration of the skin (JLIS) is a well-known but poorly understood disorder. Some doubt still exists about whether it is a distinct disease or a variant of lupus erythematosus or, less commonly, polymorphous light eruption, cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia. An effective therapy is still unavailable for JLIS. We report a patient with JLIS which was successfully treated with dapsone and intermittent systemic glucocorticoid therapy.
Dapsone ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Light ; Skin

BACKGROUND: As single donor platelets (SDP) has been increasingly used, the quality of SDP, especially apheresis-induced platelet activation, has become a major issue. This study evaluated the activation of SDP platelets prepared with three different cell separators that are currently being used at the Korean Red Cross. METHODS: CD62p, CD63 and CD42 were measured in 35 units of SDP prepared with Amicus (Baxter, Deerfield, IL, USA), MCS+ (Haemonetics, Braintree, MA, USA), or Trima (Gambro BCT, Lakewood, USA) using flow cytometry. RESULTS: Expression of CD62p gradually increased with storage time, but no difference in expression was noted between cell separators. Expression of CD63 also increased with storage time and platelets prepared with the Amicus displayed significantly higher CD63 expression 72 and 120 hours after collection compared to those prepared with MCS+ and Trima. Expression of CD42b tended to decrease with storage time, but this was only significant for Amicus 120 hours after collection. No difference in CD42b expression was noted between cell separators. CONCLUSIONS: Platelet activation increased with storage time, and platelet activation was more pronounced in the platelets prepared with the Amicus. However, because in vitro results of platelet activation does not necessarily reflect in vivo platelet function and survival, additional studies are needed to clarify clinical effectiveness of activated platelets.
Blood Platelets* ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Platelet Activation* ; Plateletpheresis* ; Red Cross ; Tissue Donors

Cryptococcosis is a cosmopolitan infectious disease of man and animal resulting from the inhalation or ingestion of the encapsulated potentially pathogenic fungus Cryotococcus neoformans that can be isolated from many common environmental sources. The respiratory tract is considered to be the primany portal of entry. Following invasion of the lungs, the organism may become localized or may be disseminated hematogenously to any aprt of the body, especially the brain, meninges and cord. The patients withe malignant reticuloendothelial neoplasms; Hodgkin's disease, lymphowarcoma, leukemia and diabetes, and those receiving prolonged therapy with steroids were particularly susceptible to disease with Cryptococcus neoformans, We experienced a case of Cryptococcosis in 22 months old Korean boy which was confirmed histologically from lymphnode biopsy. Also we made a brief review of literatures.
Animals ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Communicable Diseases ; Cryptococcosis* ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; Eating ; Fungi ; Hodgkin Disease ; Humans ; Infant ; Inhalation ; Leukemia ; Lung ; Male ; Meninges ; Respiratory System ; Steroids

BACKGROUND: Telogen effluvium (TE) is a form of nonscarring alopecia, characterized by diffuse scalp hair thinning in response to some form of physiologic stress. It is commonly described in women subsequent to childbirth. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of TE after childbirth. METHODS: Medical records from January 2006 to June 2007 of 240 postpartum patients from our obstetric department were reviewed. Telephone interviews with TE patients were conducted to investigate the initial occurrence time, restoration time, and treatment history. RESULTS: Prevalence of TE according to parity is higher in multiparas than primiparas (p=0.026). In addition, the prevalence of TE after a cesarean section delivery is higher than that after non-surgical delivery (p=0.014). Prevalence of TE with respect to weight gain is higher in the groups displaying agreater increase in weight (p=0.014). Finally, prevalence of TE according to gestational age is higher in groups giving birth after 38 weeks gestational age (p=0.015). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of telogen effluvium may be associated with multiparity, cesarean section, marked weight gain, and high gestational age.
Alopecia ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Hair ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Medical Records ; Parity ; Parturition ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence ; Scalp ; Weight Gain