Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in creative dietary teaching efficacy and dietary perception among pre-service elementary school teachers according to their levels of participation in meal preparation. Methods: Data were collected nationwide from 345 pre-service elementary teachers using a self-administered 5-Likert questionnaire from October to November 2023. Results: First, the participation rate in meal preparation was significantly higher among male pre-service teachers compared to female pre-service teachers (p < 0.01). The participation rate exhibited an upward trend with increasing grade levels; however, a decline was observed in the fourth grade pre-service teachers (p < 0.05). Second, the mean score for creative dietary teaching efficacy was recorded at 3.90, with the subgroup that participated daily achieving the highest mean score of 4.07. A statistically significant difference was identified among three groups: those participating daily, those participating 1–5 days per week, and those rarely participating (p < 0.001). Third, the average score across the eight factors of dietary perception was 3.85. The subgroup participating more than three days per week demonstrated a significantly higher average score compared to the other groups (p < 0.001).The average scores for the factors of Convergence Utilizing Dietary Area competency, dietary value, cooking capacity, and dietary knowledge exhibited significant variations based on the frequency of participation (p < 0.001). Conclusion Expanding the participation of prospective teachers in meals preparation is effective in improving the efficacy of creative dietary teaching and dietary perception.Therefore, the importance of creative dietary practices and participation in the daily meal preparation process should be emphasized in the education course of elementary school preservice teachers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in creative dietary teaching efficacy and dietary perception among pre-service elementary school teachers according to their levels of participation in meal preparation. Methods: Data were collected nationwide from 345 pre-service elementary teachers using a self-administered 5-Likert questionnaire from October to November 2023. Results: First, the participation rate in meal preparation was significantly higher among male pre-service teachers compared to female pre-service teachers (p < 0.01). The participation rate exhibited an upward trend with increasing grade levels; however, a decline was observed in the fourth grade pre-service teachers (p < 0.05). Second, the mean score for creative dietary teaching efficacy was recorded at 3.90, with the subgroup that participated daily achieving the highest mean score of 4.07. A statistically significant difference was identified among three groups: those participating daily, those participating 1–5 days per week, and those rarely participating (p < 0.001). Third, the average score across the eight factors of dietary perception was 3.85. The subgroup participating more than three days per week demonstrated a significantly higher average score compared to the other groups (p < 0.001).The average scores for the factors of Convergence Utilizing Dietary Area competency, dietary value, cooking capacity, and dietary knowledge exhibited significant variations based on the frequency of participation (p < 0.001). Conclusion Expanding the participation of prospective teachers in meals preparation is effective in improving the efficacy of creative dietary teaching and dietary perception.Therefore, the importance of creative dietary practices and participation in the daily meal preparation process should be emphasized in the education course of elementary school preservice teachers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in creative dietary teaching efficacy and dietary perception among pre-service elementary school teachers according to their levels of participation in meal preparation. Methods: Data were collected nationwide from 345 pre-service elementary teachers using a self-administered 5-Likert questionnaire from October to November 2023. Results: First, the participation rate in meal preparation was significantly higher among male pre-service teachers compared to female pre-service teachers (p < 0.01). The participation rate exhibited an upward trend with increasing grade levels; however, a decline was observed in the fourth grade pre-service teachers (p < 0.05). Second, the mean score for creative dietary teaching efficacy was recorded at 3.90, with the subgroup that participated daily achieving the highest mean score of 4.07. A statistically significant difference was identified among three groups: those participating daily, those participating 1–5 days per week, and those rarely participating (p < 0.001). Third, the average score across the eight factors of dietary perception was 3.85. The subgroup participating more than three days per week demonstrated a significantly higher average score compared to the other groups (p < 0.001).The average scores for the factors of Convergence Utilizing Dietary Area competency, dietary value, cooking capacity, and dietary knowledge exhibited significant variations based on the frequency of participation (p < 0.001). Conclusion Expanding the participation of prospective teachers in meals preparation is effective in improving the efficacy of creative dietary teaching and dietary perception.Therefore, the importance of creative dietary practices and participation in the daily meal preparation process should be emphasized in the education course of elementary school preservice teachers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the diet-related factors that influence the creative dietary teaching efficacy of elementary pre-service school teachers. Methods: Data were collected nationwide from 345 pre-service elementary teachers using a self-administered 5-Likert questionnaire from October to November 2023. Results: The factor analysis of diet-related perception was sub-grouped into competency of convergence using the dietary area (CUDA), dietary value, cooking capacity, educational direction, dietary trends, dietary knowledge, the pursuit of dietary practices, and globalization, with a total explanatory power of 61.59%. The creative dietary teaching efficacy comprised creative dietary practices, confidence in creative teaching methods and satisfaction in guiding students, with a total explanatory power of 63.34%. Senior students had the lowest average score for dietary trends factor (p < 0.05), but the highest score for dietary knowledge (p < 0.001). Creative dietary practices factor was significantly influenced by CUDA competency, dietary value, cooking capacity, pursuit of dietary practices, and globalization (p < 0.05).Confidence in creative teaching methods factor was positively influenced by CUDA competency, cooking capacity, educational direction, dietary knowledge, and pursuit of dietary practices (p < 0.05). Satisfaction in guiding students factor was significantly influenced by dietary value, cooking capacity, educational direction, and dietary trends (p < 0.001), while the pursuit of dietary practices had a significant negative effect (p < 0.01). Conclusion Dietary education that fosters the creative competencies required by future societies must be actively implemented. To strengthen prospective teachers' creative dietary teaching efficacy, various strategies to enhance CUDA competency, dietary knowledge and cooking capacity should be actively developed based on an understanding of dietary trends, globalization, educational direction, and dietary values linked to both personal life and society.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the diet-related factors that influence the creative dietary teaching efficacy of elementary pre-service school teachers. Methods: Data were collected nationwide from 345 pre-service elementary teachers using a self-administered 5-Likert questionnaire from October to November 2023. Results: The factor analysis of diet-related perception was sub-grouped into competency of convergence using the dietary area (CUDA), dietary value, cooking capacity, educational direction, dietary trends, dietary knowledge, the pursuit of dietary practices, and globalization, with a total explanatory power of 61.59%. The creative dietary teaching efficacy comprised creative dietary practices, confidence in creative teaching methods and satisfaction in guiding students, with a total explanatory power of 63.34%. Senior students had the lowest average score for dietary trends factor (p < 0.05), but the highest score for dietary knowledge (p < 0.001). Creative dietary practices factor was significantly influenced by CUDA competency, dietary value, cooking capacity, pursuit of dietary practices, and globalization (p < 0.05).Confidence in creative teaching methods factor was positively influenced by CUDA competency, cooking capacity, educational direction, dietary knowledge, and pursuit of dietary practices (p < 0.05). Satisfaction in guiding students factor was significantly influenced by dietary value, cooking capacity, educational direction, and dietary trends (p < 0.001), while the pursuit of dietary practices had a significant negative effect (p < 0.01). Conclusion Dietary education that fosters the creative competencies required by future societies must be actively implemented. To strengthen prospective teachers' creative dietary teaching efficacy, various strategies to enhance CUDA competency, dietary knowledge and cooking capacity should be actively developed based on an understanding of dietary trends, globalization, educational direction, and dietary values linked to both personal life and society.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the diet-related factors that influence the creative dietary teaching efficacy of elementary pre-service school teachers. Methods: Data were collected nationwide from 345 pre-service elementary teachers using a self-administered 5-Likert questionnaire from October to November 2023. Results: The factor analysis of diet-related perception was sub-grouped into competency of convergence using the dietary area (CUDA), dietary value, cooking capacity, educational direction, dietary trends, dietary knowledge, the pursuit of dietary practices, and globalization, with a total explanatory power of 61.59%. The creative dietary teaching efficacy comprised creative dietary practices, confidence in creative teaching methods and satisfaction in guiding students, with a total explanatory power of 63.34%. Senior students had the lowest average score for dietary trends factor (p < 0.05), but the highest score for dietary knowledge (p < 0.001). Creative dietary practices factor was significantly influenced by CUDA competency, dietary value, cooking capacity, pursuit of dietary practices, and globalization (p < 0.05).Confidence in creative teaching methods factor was positively influenced by CUDA competency, cooking capacity, educational direction, dietary knowledge, and pursuit of dietary practices (p < 0.05). Satisfaction in guiding students factor was significantly influenced by dietary value, cooking capacity, educational direction, and dietary trends (p < 0.001), while the pursuit of dietary practices had a significant negative effect (p < 0.01). Conclusion Dietary education that fosters the creative competencies required by future societies must be actively implemented. To strengthen prospective teachers' creative dietary teaching efficacy, various strategies to enhance CUDA competency, dietary knowledge and cooking capacity should be actively developed based on an understanding of dietary trends, globalization, educational direction, and dietary values linked to both personal life and society.

Objectives: This study aimed to propose an efficient mental health service plan to be implemented during epidemics by identifying the mental health characteristics of people who have returned from countries with large-scale coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks. Methods: We analyzed the mental health evaluation scale data submitted by 504 quarantined people who had returned from countries hit by the COVID-19 pandemic from January to April 2020 through a government support project. Results: The average age of the study group was 35.6±8.72 years, and males accounted for 67.1% and females 32.9% of the total subjects. The screening score for post-traumatic stress disorder was met by 12.1% of the subjects. Moderate to high level of depression and anxiety symptoms were seen in 10.7% and 7.0%, respectively. Also, 2.2% of the group complained of clinical level somatization symptoms, and 1.4% were evaluated as being at a high risk of suicide. The average scores and the proportion of subjects at high risk on all scales were significantly higher in female than in male. In a comparison by age, the average score of post-traumatic stress symptoms was significantly higher in subjects in their 20s than those in their 50s, and the proportion of the subjects at high risk for post-traumatic stress symptoms also showed a significant variation between age groups. However, there were no significant differences by age with respect to depression, anxiety, somatic symptoms, and suicidal tendencies. Conclusion During an epidemic, the mental health problems of people may increase, and the risk appears to be higher in female and young adults. Therefore, in addition to strong protection policies, a customized support system for each target group is required.

Surgical management of acral lentiginous melanoma on the toe poses a difficult challenge because of the lack of surrounding tissue. A full-thickness skin graft after excision may provide a good cosmetic outcome, but graft failure can occur due to limited blood flow of the toe and the thin skin covering over the deep fascia in the pressure bearing area may cause gait disturbance. A negative-pressure device can be beneficial for fixing the graft and stimulating the growth of granulation tissue. A 55-year-old woman diagnosed with malignant melanoma on the right third toe underwent wide excision, after which secondary intention healing was initiated using negative-pressure therapy. When the wound had regenerated enough granulation tissue after 2 weeks, a full-thickness skin graft was performed, which was secured with negative-pressure therapy. The graft was successfully taken after a week thereafter. Accordingly, the use of negative-pressure therapy in the surgical management of acral lentiginous melanoma may be a good option because it facilitates full-thickness skin graft survival in an avascular surface area and aids in the thickening of the pressure bearing area, where acral lentiginous melanoma is likely to occur.
Cosmetics ; Fascia ; Female ; Gait ; Graft Survival ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Intention ; Melanoma ; Skin ; Toes ; Transplants ; Ursidae

PURPOSE: 'Programming' describes the process that stimulus at a critical period of development has lifelong effects. The fact that low birth weight links to the risk of elevated blood pressures in adult life is well known. This study aims to examine whether this link is evident in the newborn by investigating the relationship of the intrauterine growth indices and neonatal blood pressure(BP). METHODS: We studied 127 neonates who were born at Ewha Womans' Hospital and their mothers enrolled our cohort study during pregnancy. Data on the mothers and details of the birth records were tracked and collected from medical charts. Neonatal BP was measured within 24 hours after birth. RESULTS: Neonatal SBP was positively correlated to intrauterine growth indices; birth weight(BW)(r= 0.4), head circumference(HC)(r=0.4), and birth height(r=0.3). However, an inverse relationship existed, between HC/BW ratio and neonatal SBP(r=-0.4). After adjusting for the baby's sex, maternal BP, and gestational age, neonatal SBP still associated with intrauterine growth indices. SBP was 7 mmHg higher in the highest BW group(> or =90 percentiles) compared to the lowest group(<10 percentiles). On the other hand, SBP was 17 mmHg lower in the highest HC/BW group(> or =90 percentiles) compared in the lowest group(<10 percentiles). CONCLUSION: This study could not find the evidence that intrauterine growth retardation affect on elevated neonatal BP. It suggests that the initiating events of BP programming may occur during postnatal growth period. To identify the critical starting period that intrauterine growth retardation leads to elevated BP, a study tracking BP changes from birth to childhood is required.
Adult ; Birth Certificates ; Blood Pressure* ; Cohort Studies ; Critical Period (Psychology) ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Gestational Age ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Pregnancy