No abstract available.
Blood Transfusion* ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Incidence* ; Papilloma*

No abstract available.
Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Single Person*

No abstract available.
Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Breast* ; Glucuronidase* ; Lipase* ; Milk, Human*

OBJECTIVES: Recently, recombinant FSH (rFSH) has been manufactured using a Chinese hamster ovary cell line transfected with the gene encoding human FSH. Both rFSH and urinary gonadotropin (uFSH) could be used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH). However, uFSH implies a number of disadvantages, such as batch-to-batch inconsistency, no absolute source control, dependence on large amounts of urine, low specific activity, and low purity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of rFSH in human IVF-ET program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 508 infertile women was enrolled in this study. They are classified into rFSH group (n=177) or uFSH group (n=331), and all of them were matched by age and cause of infertility in same period. The Puregon(R) (Organon, Holland) was used as rFSH, and the Metrodin-HP(R) (Serono, Switzeland) and Humegon(R) (Organon, Holland) was used as uFSH. We subdivided the patients into three age groups. The outcomes of IVF-ET program were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). RESULTS: There was no significant differences in the level of estradiol on hCG injection day, the numbers of retrieved oocytes, matured oocytes, fertilized oocytes, transferred embryos, frozen embryos between the two groups. The total dose (IU) of gonadotropin for COH was significantly lower in the rFSH group compared to uFSH group (1339+/-5491.1 vs 2527.8+/-1075.2 IU, p<0.001). Clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer in the rFSH group showed increasing tendency, compared to the uFSH group, but there was no statistical significance (35.2% vs 29.3%). Our results demonstrated that the relative efficiency of rFSH compared with uFSH is higher in older patients. CONCLUSIONS: The ovarian stimulatory effect and clinical outcome of recombinant FSH was similar to that of the urinary gonadotropin. The IVF-ET cycles with significantly lower dose of gonadotropin in rFSH group showed comparable results. Therefore, we suggest that recombinant FSH is more potent and effective than urinary gonadotropin.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Estradiol ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human* ; Gonadotropins ; Humans* ; Infertility ; Oocytes ; Ovary ; Pregnancy Rate ; Social Sciences

OBJECTIVE: The aim of study was to evaluate the efficacy of medical and/or laparoscopic surgical treatment for improvement of reproductive outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in the patients with endometriosis. METHODS: 296 IVF-ET cycles except 18 cycles of cancelled embryo-transfer (unfertilization; 16 cycles, high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; 2 cycles) in 191 infertile women with endometriosis from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 1998 were included in this study. All women's ages were < or = 35 and the factor for infetility was endometriosis only and day 3 follicle stumulating hormone (FSH) level of all the cycles was < or = 10 mIU/ml in this study. All the baseline study about infertility was done before initiating treatment of infertility. The stage of endometriosis was recorded during diagnostic laparoscopy by WHO critera. Medical treatment (GnRH agonist or danazole) or laparoscopic surgery was done independently or combinedly by the physician's decision according to the disease entity and symptoms. Short or long protocols were used for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and 3 day embryos were transferred (maximally 4 embryos) by standard procedures in our institute. We classified the cases as 4 groups : group 1 (without pre-treatment, 80 cycles), goup 2 (laparoscopic surgery only, 37 cycles), group 3 (medication only, 140 cycles), group IV (combined pre-treatment, 39 cycles). RESULTS: The mean age (years old, mean +/- SEM) was 31.5 +/- 0.3 (group 1), 31.6 +/- 0.5 (group 2), 31.5 +/- 0.2 (group 3), 31.7 +/- 0.4 (group 4) respectively. The duration of infertility (months) was 57.7 +/- 3.3, 64.5 +/- 4.8, 59.1 +/- 1.9, 52.0 +/- 3.7 respectively among groups. The viable pregnancy rate (over 28 gestational weeks, VPR) was 12.5 % (10/80) in goup 1, 13.5 % (5/37) in goup 2, 14.3 % (20/140) in group 3, 30.8 % (12/39) in group 4 and there was statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 4 (P=0.03, Chi square test). The total used gonadotropins (ampules) for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation were 28.2 +/- 0.6.
Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Infertility ; Laparoscopy* ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome ; Pregnancy Rate* ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: A trauma protocol for transport bypassing hospital for severe trauma patients was developed and implemented in Korea in 2012 using the field triage decision scheme of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of US. The aim of this study is to evaluate the compliance with the protocol in severe trauma between metropolitan versus non-metropolitan area. METHODS: Severe trauma patients were identified by the new protocol and collected from a trauma registry and EMS run sheet in one metropolitan and one non-metropolitan province from October 2012 (one month). Data variables included demographic, clinical information on vital signs and mental status, injury related variables like mechanisms, geographic information on place of the event, and distance to nearest, bypassed, and destination hospitals. Exposures are metropolitan versus non-metropolitan ambulances defined. Study end point was compliance-direct transport (C-DT), compliance-bypassing transport (C-BT), violation-non-bypassing transport (V-NT), and violation-bypassing transport (V-BT). The protocol violation with number of V-NT and V-BT divided by number of eligible patients were compared between metropolitan and non-metropolitan ambulances. RESULTS: Of the 863 patients with severe trauma were identified by the protocol. No statistical difference in demographics and clinical parameters except injury mechanism and distance to destination hospital. Between metropolitan versus non-metropolitan area. The C-DT, C-BT, V-NT, and V-BT were 27.4%, 18.5%, 20.2%, and 33.4% respectively. V-NT rate was significantly lower in metropolitan than in nonmetropolitan (8.2% versus 30.6%, p=0.001), while V-BT rate was significantly higher in metropolitan than in non-metropolitan (46.2% versus 23.3%, p=0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Protocol violation rates were significantly different in non-bypassing and inappropriate bypassing to hospital between metropolitan versus non-metropolitan ambulances when using the bypassing hospital trauma protocol.
Ambulances ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Compliance* ; Demography ; Emergency Medical Services* ; Humans ; Korea ; Multiple Trauma ; Transportation ; Triage* ; Vital Signs

Selective termination can be used to preserve normal fetus from the other fetus with chromosomal, structural abnormality in multifetal pregnancy. This case is about twin pregnant patient who had undergone in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. In 18 weeks of gestation, we found that one of the fetus had cranical encephalocele and was in concern for the termination by using ultrasound guided intrcardiac injection of 2.5 ml of potassium chloride solution. After performing this procedure the other healthy female newborn was naturally delivered at 38 weeks gestation with weight of 2.8 kg.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Encephalocele* ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Fetus ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Potassium Chloride ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Twins, Dizygotic* ; Ultrasonography

Uterine anomalies have been reported in 4% of women with infertility and in up to 15% of those with recurrent abortion. One of the major intrauterine disorder associated with infertility and recurrent abortions is intrauterine septum, The reproductive outcome of 41 patients of intrauterine septum (7 complete, 34 incomplete) with repeated abortions or infertility was assessed after the uterine septotomy. 5 of 7 patients with comlete uterine septum undergone uterine septotomy (3; hysteroscopic metroplasty, 2; abdominal metroplasty) had total 6 pregnancies and all of them had live biths. 28 patients with incomplete uterine septum got the hysteroscopic intrauterine septotomy and the viable pregnancy rate was 62% (3 ongoing pregnancies, 13 live biths of total 26 pregnancies). 6 patients with incomplete uterine septum had not the operation and 5 patients had 5 live births after total 6 pregnancies with 1 spontaneus abortion. Even though, the number of cases were small, the live birth rate in the group of septotomy of the patients of complete uterine septum (100%, 6/6) was higher than that in the group of not-done (50%, 1/2). The live birth rate in the group of not-done of the patients with incomplete uterine septum (83%, 5/6) was higher than that in the group of hysteroscopic uterine septotomy (62%, 16/26), but 5 of 6 had short uterine septal length (<1 cm), 1 had 1.5 cm septal length in the group of not-done. All the patients with successful pregnancy outcome had no other co-factors at the diagnostic laparoscopy, but the 5 primary infertility patients with no live birth even after treatment (all were with incomplete septum; 3 undergone hysteroscopic septotomy, 2 not-done with one abortion) had other co-factors such as endometriosis, peritoneal or tubal facor. In conclusion, hysteroscopic uterine septotomy would be useful for the patients with habitutal abortion or infertility and more advanced managemnet protocols should be applied to the patients having other co-factors if there was no pregnancy even after the uterine septotomy.
Abortion, Habitual* ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hysteroscopy* ; Infertility* ; Laparoscopy ; Live Birth ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate