No abstract available.
Polyneuropathies*

No abstract available.
Action Potentials* ; Electrodes*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; CHO Cells ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus* ; Female ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Humans ; Ovary*

No abstract available.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

The clinical applications of free have been extended tremendously in head and neck reconstruction. In a nine-year period, 92 microvascular free flaps were performed to repair the defects following major head and neck ablative surgery. Twenty-one transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flaps, 18 radial foream flaps, 15 latissimus dorsi muscle flaps, 12 jejunal flaps, 8 fibular osteocutaneous flaps, 6 rectus abdominis muscle flaps, 6 iliac osteomyocutaneous flaps, 2 groin fasciocutaneous flaps, 1 scapular fasciocutaneous flap, 1 parascapular osteocutaneous flap, 1 tensor fascia lata muscle flap and 1 serratus anterior muscle flap were used for reconstruction. Twenty-five maxillary defects including the orbit or skull base, 16 pharyngoesophageal defects, 15 intraoral defects, 15 mandibular defects, 13 scalp defects, 1 cervical region and 7 other facial region were covered with various free flaps. The overall success rate of the flaps was 95.6%. The complications included total flap loss (3 cases), partial flap loss (1 case), recurrence of primary tumors (15 cases), cerebrospinal fluid leakage (3 cases), fistula formation (3 cases) and infection (5 cases). Superficial temporal artery, facial artery, superior thyroidal artery, lingual artery, occipital artery, transverse cervical artery were commonly used recipient arteries and 7 cases of vein grafts were used if indicated. End to end anastomosis was performed in 84 cases and end to side anastomosis in 8 cases. The average follow-up period was 42 months, ranging from 6 months to 8 years. One patent died during postoperative intensive care due to sepsis and 19 patients died because of recurrence of tumors and underlying medical diseases during the follow-up period. Although free flaps may appear to be riskier than traditional forms of reconstruction, they offer the surgeon a greater spectrum of reconstructive options. Free flap reconstruction also improves the quality of life and minimizes the loss of function. Limitations of the use of free flaps result only from a lack of technical skills and specialized equipment.
Arteries ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Fascia Lata ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Groin ; Head* ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Neck* ; Orbit ; Quality of Life ; Rectus Abdominis ; Recurrence ; Scalp ; Sepsis ; Skull Base ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Temporal Arteries ; Thyroid Gland ; Transplants ; Veins

Although electrodiagnostic sympathetic skin response (SSR) has been widely assessed the detail procedure, such as filter setting and stimulus intensity, has not been standardized yet. This study was performed to establish optimal settings for SSR recording. In 18 healthy subjects, SSRs were recorded in the left hand while stimulating the right median nerve. The data were analyzed for frequency and amplitude domains and statistically evaluated using the methods of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis. The peak frequency of SSR signal was 18.59?8.26 Hz, and the frequency of major signals ranged from 0.5 to 2 Hz. The amplitude of SSR was linearly regressed on the intensity of electical stimulus according to the equation: y=2.60x+277.89 (p<0.05). The latency of SSR was linearly decreased with the intensity of electrical stimulus with the relationship: y=1445.46+/-1.60x (p<0.05). On the bases of these results, we conclude that a proper filter setting for SSR measurement would be 1-100 Hz, and at stimulus intensity below 128 mV, the higher the stimulus intensity, the amplitude was bigger and the latency was shorter.
Hand ; Humans* ; Median Nerve ; Skin*

A clinical and histologic survey was done on 71 cases of basal cel carcinoma(BCC) filed at Department of Clinical Fathology, Kang Nam, Han Kang, and Kang Dong Sacred Heart Hospital during past 13 year s from 1979 to 1991. The results were summerized as follows: 1. Of all malignant skin tumors BCC accounted for 31.6%. The frequency of BCC in the total number of outpatients visiting the Department of Dermatology was 0.06%. 2. The ratio of men to women with HCC was 1:1.03. 83.8% of the pat.ients with BCC were older than the age of l0 years with the mean age of 56.9 years. 3. 83.8% of the BCC appared in the face, especially on the nose(25.4%), eyelid(20.3%). 4. On the basis of classification of Lever et al, the solid type(66.7% ) was the most com mon histologic pattern, followed by the adenoid(8.8%), pigmented(8.8%), and etc. By the classification of Farmer et al, the nodulocystic type(35.1% ) was the most common histologic pattern followed by infiltrative(31.6%), adenoid(8.8%), pigmented(8.8%), and etc. By the classification on Sexton et al, in the order of decreasing frequency, liistologic subtypes were the nodular(43.9%), mixed (22.8%), infiltrative(19.3%), supeficial(3.5%), morpheic(3.5%), and micronodular(3.5%).
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Classification ; Dermatology ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Outpatients ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Because systolic and diastolic dysfunction frequently coexist in acute myocardial infarction(AMI), we hypothesize that a combined measure of ventricular performance using Doppler echocardiography may be more sensitive and time-saving diagnostic tool for the evaluation of patients presenting with cardiogenic chest pain. METHOD AND RESULTS: Seventy-one patients with AMI (47 male, 59+/-11 years) and 45 patients with normal coronary artery (29 male, 52+/-11 years) were included in the study for measurement of cardiac performance index and established parameters of ventricular function using conventional echo-Doppler methods. a new derived index of cardiac performance: (ICT+IRT)/ET, was obtained by subtracting ejection time(ET) from the interval between cessation and onset of the mitral inflow velocity to give the sum of isovolumic contraction time(ICT) and isovolumic relaxation time(IRT). The mean value of the index was significantly different between normal and AMI(p<0.01). The degree of inter-group overlap was smaller for the index compared to other parameters. within functional groups, the value of the index did not appear to be related to heart rate, mean arterial pressure and the degree of mitral regurgitation. CONCLUSION: cardiac performance index is a conceptually new, simple and reproducible Doppler index of combined systolic and diastolic myocardial performance, and it is useful as screening test for patients with cardiac dysfunction due to AMI.
Arterial Pressure ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Vessels ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Relaxation ; Ventricular Function

No abstract available.
Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: Two types of word fluency tasks, namely, word generation by semantic or phonemic cues, are part of the neuropsychological evaluation of neurological patients. Cognitive mechanisms, such as strategies of memory retrieval, may differ for these two tasks. We therefore used functional magnetic resonance image (fMRI) to examine whether brain areas activated by the phonemic word fluency task may differ from those activated by the semantic word fluency task. METHODS: Semantic and phonemic word fluency tasks were administered to 112 normal subjects with two categories for each (animal and fruit names for semantic word fluency, and 'ah' and 'd' sounds for phonemic word fluency). The number and the degree of scattering of generated words were examined for the analysis of cortical activation. With another seven normal subjects, fMRI experiments were conducted while they generated words with the two types of cues (five categories for each). RESULTS: Performance in terms of number of words generated was better with semantic cues than with phonemic cues (14.15 words for semantic cues and 10.36 words for phonemic cues on the average). The same words were more commonly generated across subjects in semantic fluency tasks than in phonemic fluency. In a fMRI experiment, higher signals were observed during phonemic than in semantic word fluency tasks at the bilateral posterior-inferior temporal gyri, left premotor area, right cerebellum, and bilateral superior parietal lobules. The opposite was observed at the bilateral posterior cingulate gyri. CONCLUSIONS: The fluency tasks showed differential performance and several cortical areas showed differential activation, depending on the type of cues given for word generation. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that an automated visual imagery is adopted as word-finding strategy for semantic fluency, whereas controlled articulatory evaluation is used as a strategy for phonemic fluency.
Brain* ; Cerebellum ; Cues ; Fruit ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Memory ; Rabeprazole ; Semantics