Alterations in the expression of genes that control the cell cycle may be of critical importance in tumorigenesis and malignant transformation. The major regulatory events leading to cell proliferation occur in Gl phase of cell cycle, and the deregulated expression of Gl cyclins is related to oncogenesis. Cyclins Dl and E play important roles in the progression of cell through Gl phase of the cell cycle. Amplification and/or overexpression of the cyclin Dl gene and aberrant expression of cyclin E has been described in various forms of human cancer. However, the role of cyclins Dl and E in cervical cancer has been poorly defined. In this study, we examined the expression of cyclins Dl and E by Northern blot technique and the status of human papil- lomavirus(HPV) type 16 and 18 by polymerase chain reaction in 25 cases of cervical carcinoma to explore the relationship between cyclins Dl and E and cervical cancer. We found cyclin Dl expression showed down-regulated expression in cervical cancer but cyclin E expression was increased in cancer group. Other clinicopathological prognostic factors were not correlated with cyclins D1 and E expression. Further study based on larger numbers of cases with correlation of cyclins D1 and E status and survival data will be needed to elucidate the use of cyclin expressions as prognostic factor.
Blotting, Northern ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin E ; Cyclins* ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

When bronchogenic carcinoma is coexisting with pulmonary tuberculosis, it is difficult to differentiate bronchogenic carcinoma from pulmonary tuberculosis radiologically. Thus, the object of this study is to define differential diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma by computed tomography. We analized CT scans of 27 patients with radiologic findings of pulmonary tuberculosis and mass of which twelve cases were pulmonary tuberculosis and fifteen cases were primary lung cancer. The location of parenchymal infiltration and the mass was the same in 60%(9/15) of the primary lung cancer in cases and 83%(10/12) of the pulmonary tuberculosis cases. The common location of the mass was the both upper lobes in 92%(11/12) of the pulmonary tuberculosis cases and 53%(8/15) of the primary lung cancer cases. The common locations of the mediastinal lymphadenopathy were 4R, 2R of the pulmonary tuberculosis cases and 4R, 10R of the primary lung cancer cases. In the feature of post enhanced lymph nodes, homogenous increased density was more frequent in primary lung cancer. Measurements of the maximum thickness part of the cavity wall was not a reliable indication of malignancy.
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic ; Diagnosis* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract available.
Chylothorax* ; Lymphangiectasis*

Cavernous hemangioma is the venous malformation that most frequently involves the orbit, And in orbital venography, the injection of contrast medium(conray) is made into a branch of frontal vein. The films are taken after delivery of 5 ml and immediately prior to the end of the injection. A preliminary control film is also obtained for this subtraction studies. Recently, authors experienced a case of orbital hemangioma which is caused unilateral proptosis of right eye(6 yr, old boy) and confirmed this patient as an orbital cavernous hemangioma by the technical aid of orbital venography under general anesthesia. Subtraction technique of R. orbital venograms following catheterization of one of the frontal veins revealed that 3rd segment of R. superior ophthalmic vein including 1st and 2nd segments is slightly displaced medially and superiorly of the frontal projection. They were somewhat dilated in caliber. Some dilated and tortuous vessels were filled with contrast media in the inferomedial aspect of the R. oribit from possible Srd segment of SOV. on the R. down lateral projection, there were abnormaly abundant dilated and tortuous vessels in the lateral portion of the orbit. It is fed from the R. angular vein, and CM are drained from the lesion to the dilated IOV at its posterior portion. R transfemoral arteriograms(AP, Lat) showed mild elevation of 3rd portion of the ophthalmic artery superiorly on the lateral projection, but it appeared normal caliber. The supraorbital and muscular branches as well as choroid crescent were not remarkable in this case. R. external carotid angiogram(LAT) showed within normal patterns. Angiographic diagnosis was a large venous malformation involving the lateral and posterior portions of the R. orbit, most likely cavernous hemangioma. Final diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological study of an excised hemangioma. After surgical removal the visual acuity was improved to normal without any disability of the eye.
Anesthesia, General ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Choroid ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Hemangioma ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Humans ; Ophthalmic Artery ; Orbit* ; Phlebography* ; Subtraction Technique ; Veins ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the clinical progress and the maternal and fetal outcome in 16 pregnancies complicated by the HELLP(hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet). Material: We reviewed the maternal and neonatal charts from 16 consecutive pregnancies complicated by the HELLP syndrome among 302 pregnancies complicated by preeclamsia and eclamsia managed at our hospital during the period of 4 years from June 1994 through June 1998. The HELLP syndrome was defined by previously published laboratory criteria. We assessed the time of onset, presenting symptom, laboratory finding, mode of delivery, fetal and maternal complication in each case. We also reviewed the clinical finding in detail in the case resulted in maternal death. RESULTS: In regards to the time of onset, 15 cases (93.7%) occurred at antepartum period and only 1 case (6.2%) occurred at postpartum period. Among the 15 cases occurred at antepartum period, 13 cases (81.25%) developed at 27 to 36 weeks gestation and 2 cases (12.5%) developed at near term. In regards to the presenting symptom, twelve patients (75%) complained of right upper quardrant or epigastric pain. Of 16 patients, 12 patients (75%) experienced headache and 10 patients (62.5%) complained of nausea, or vomiting and 5 patients (31.2%) had visual disturbance. The laboratory finding of all 16 cases were as follow; the mean level of platelet: 68700/mm3 (range: 48000 to 91700), the mean level of serum asparate aminotransferase: 335 IU/L (range: 62 to 135), the mean level of lactic dehydrogenase: 910 IU/L (range: 558 to 5794), and the mean level of total bilirubin: 2.6 mg/dl (range: 0.7 to 10.4). To review the mode of delivery, cesarean sections were done on 10 patients (62.5%) including 7(43.7%) emergency and 3(18.7%) elective operations. However, 6 patients (37.5%) delivered vaginally. Maternal complications were as follow; abruptio placenta in 1 case (6.2%), DIC in 2 cases (12.5%), pulmonary edema in 3 cases (18.7%), pleural effusion in 4 cases (25%), renal failure in 4 cases (25%), and 1 case of death. Fetal and neonatal outcome was assessed; 9 cases of intrauterine growth retardation (56.2%), meconium stained in 3 cases (18.7%), 2 stillbirth (12.5%), and 2 neonatal death (12.5%). CONCLUSION: HELLP syndrome is associated with serious maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
Bilirubin ; Blood Platelets ; Cesarean Section ; Dacarbazine ; Emergencies ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Headache ; HELLP Syndrome ; Hemolysis* ; Humans ; Liver* ; Maternal Death ; Meconium ; Mortality ; Nausea ; Oxidoreductases ; Placenta ; Pleural Effusion ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy* ; Pulmonary Edema ; Renal Insufficiency ; Stillbirth ; Vomiting

Tamoxifen is a nonsteroidal triphenylethylene delivative that has been widely used in the treatment of breast cancer. tamoxifen is indicated for the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer in women following total mastectomy or segmental mastectomy, breast irradiation and chemotherapy. tamoxifen has been shown to have significant benificial effect in the treatment of breast cancer patient as hormonal therapy. However ,there is mounting evidence that tamoxifen may affect other hormon sensitive organs, including the uterus and ovaries. An increased risk of endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma has been reported in tamoxifen treated women. We have met cases of endometrial polyp and endocervical polyp which were associated with tamoxifen use, after modified radical mastectomy for infilterating ductal carcinoma of breast . So we report these cases with the brief review of literatures.
Adenocarcinoma ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Drug Therapy ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Female ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Mastectomy, Simple ; Ovary ; Polyps* ; Tamoxifen* ; Uterus

OBJECTIVES: E-cadherin is a transmembrane protein that is one of the key players involved in cell to cell adhesion. Loss of E-cadherin expression is suggested to promote tumor invasion and distant metastasis in tumor development. Recently, it has been proposed E-cadherin function requires its linkage to the cytoskeleton through catenins. So defects in catenins may cause defective E-cadherin function and promote tumor invasion. We intend to evaluate the expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, gamma- catenin in tissues of human endometrial carcinoma to analyze the patterns of cell adhesion molecules' expression in endometrial carcinoma and to investigate the relationship between status of cell adhesion molecules and various clinicopathological factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study investigated the immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta-, gamma- catenin in 33 paraffin embedded formalin fixed tissues of endometrial carcinomas. RESULTS: Aberrant E-cadherin, alpha-, beta-, gamma- catenin expression was observed in 33.3(11 of 33), 27.3(9 of 33), 18.2 (6 of 33), and 51.5(17 of 33) % of the specimens, respectively. Statistically significant correlation was found between aberrant expression of E-cadherin and lymph node metastasis and cell types other than endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Aberrant pattern of gamma- catenin expression also correlated with deep myometrial invasion. But alpha-, beta- catenin expression were not correlated with any clinicopathological parameters. Using Kaplan-Meier curves, abnormal expression of E-cadherin correlated closely with poor survival (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: We revealed aberrant expression of these cell adhesion molecules in part of patients with endometrial carcinoma. Aberrant expression of E-cadherin was correlated with lymph node metastasis and cell types other than endometrioid adenocarcinoma and aberrant expression of gamma-catenin was related with deep myometrial invasion.
Cadherins* ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; Catenins* ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Cytoskeleton ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Formaldehyde ; gamma Catenin ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paraffin

OBJECTIVES: This study was planned to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of cefazedone in the treatment of patients with infectious disease in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. METHOD: Cefazedone was used in 20 patients with infectious disease in obstetrics and gynecology, who visited the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Yonsei university college of medicine, from June 1998 through July 1999. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 42.5 years(range of 18 to 68 years) and 17 of patients were diagnosed as pelvic inflammatory disease(PID), 2 were urinary tract infection due to huge ovarian tumor, and 1 was Bartholin's gland abscess. Cefazedone was proven its efficacy in treating infections of obstetrics and gynecology so as to reach 100% of response rate. The cefazedone was sensitive to all isolated organisms - G. vaginalis, E. coli, Staphylococcus, coagulase (+), etc. In the course of treatment, 1 patient experienced mild nausea, another 1 patient complained mild diarrhea, and another 1 patient showed transient leukopenia but their symptoms and signs were disappeared with only conservative management. There was no significant renal and hepatic function changes. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that cefazedone is relatively effective in treating infections of obstetrics and gynecology to show excellent antibacterial effects and low incidence of complications.
Abscess ; Coagulase ; Communicable Diseases ; Diarrhea ; Gynecology* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukopenia ; Nausea ; Obstetrics ; Staphylococcus ; Urinary Tract Infections

Eczema herpeticum is a herpes simplex virus infection with disseminated skin involvement superimposed on a pre-existing dermatosis. Dariers disease has been reported to be among the dermatoses susceptible to the sudden onset of a widespread vesicular eruption accompanied by high fever known as Kaposis varicelliform eruption. We report a case of eczema herpeticum in a 46-year-old woman associated with Dariers disease.
Darier Disease* ; Eczema* ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption* ; Middle Aged ; Simplexvirus ; Skin ; Skin Diseases

A total of 0.3ml of 100% sulfur hexafluoride(SF6) was injected into vitreous cavity with a single shot or two 0.15ml shots, and the time dependent intraocular pressure changes were compared. Intraocular pressure was monitored at 5 minute intervals for 60 minutes after injection. Immediately after a single shot injection, remarkable intraocular pressure elevation(85mmHg, mean)was observed, which returned, however, to normal level within 15 minutes. Intraocular pressure elevation was milder when a smaller bolus of gas(0.15ml)was separately injected twice. No re-elevation of intraocular pressure was noted with either method after the initial return to normal.
Intraocular Pressure* ; Sulfur