No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female

No abstract available.
Blood Group Incompatibility* ; Bromelains*

The purpose of this study was to develop and test the validity of standardized Korean nomenclature of the Home Health Care Classification(HHCC), developed by Saba at the University of Georgetown. The four phases of the study were : (1) Two professors and 15 graduate students, who were taking a nursing intervention course, translated the HHCC into Korean. (2)12 nurses with various clinical backgrounds reviewed each nomenclature taking into consideration of the definition and activities, and the Delphi method was used to determine the best appropriate nomenclature for each term; (3)20 academic and clinical experts in nursing were given a questionnaire to rate the validity of each Korean nomenclature using a 5 point Likert scale ranging from very inappropriate to very appropriate; (4) Five members of the Korean Nurses Association Research Committee reviewed the survey results and determined the most appropriate Korean nomenclature for each term of the HHCC. Most of the nomenclatures had a score of more than 4.0, but several terms had a score lower than 4.0. They are Ambulation therapy(3.1.1), Anticipatory grieving(3.11), Sexual patterns alteration(3.17), Nursing care coordination(3. 22), Physical therapist service(3.22), Regular diet(3.33), and Instrumental activities of daily living(3.44). These research results will be included in the nursing vocabulary dictionary to be published by the Korean Nurses Association.
Classification* ; Delivery of Health Care* ; Humans ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Physical Therapists ; Vocabulary ; Walking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of two intraocular lenses (IOLs). The new monofocal IOL using a higher-order aspheric optic (Tecnis Eyhance ICB00) was compared to a standard monofocal IOL (Tecnis monofocal ZCB00) of the identical platform and material.
Methods: The medical records of the patients who had undergone cataract surgery with implantation of either the ZCB00 or the ICB00 in the dominant eye from March 2020 to August 2020 and with available data from the 3-month visit were reviewed. Subjects with ocular comorbidities or corneal astigmatism greater than 1.00 diopters were excluded. The uncorrected near, intermediate, distance visual acuity and corrected distance visual acuity were the main outcome measures. Optical quality parameters measured using an optical quality analysis system, clinical records including age, sex, laterality, ocular dominance, and information related to refractory errors was also collected. Parameters related to the refractory errors were all uniformly based on the Barrett Universal II formula.
Results: Of the 197 recruited patients, 111 and 86 were implanted with the ICB00 and ZCB00, respectively. No statistically significant differences in baseline parameters were observed between the two groups. While no statistically significant differences in distance visual acuity or optical quality were found between the two groups, compared to the ZCB00 group, the ICB00 group showed significantly higher intermediate visual acuity (p < 0.001) and near visual acuity (p < 0.05) 3 months postoperatively.
Conclusions ICB00 provided superior intermediate vision and comparable distance performance and photic phenomena compared to a standard monofocal IOL.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of two intraocular lenses (IOLs). The new monofocal IOL using a higher-order aspheric optic (Tecnis Eyhance ICB00) was compared to a standard monofocal IOL (Tecnis monofocal ZCB00) of the identical platform and material.
Methods: The medical records of the patients who had undergone cataract surgery with implantation of either the ZCB00 or the ICB00 in the dominant eye from March 2020 to August 2020 and with available data from the 3-month visit were reviewed. Subjects with ocular comorbidities or corneal astigmatism greater than 1.00 diopters were excluded. The uncorrected near, intermediate, distance visual acuity and corrected distance visual acuity were the main outcome measures. Optical quality parameters measured using an optical quality analysis system, clinical records including age, sex, laterality, ocular dominance, and information related to refractory errors was also collected. Parameters related to the refractory errors were all uniformly based on the Barrett Universal II formula.
Results: Of the 197 recruited patients, 111 and 86 were implanted with the ICB00 and ZCB00, respectively. No statistically significant differences in baseline parameters were observed between the two groups. While no statistically significant differences in distance visual acuity or optical quality were found between the two groups, compared to the ZCB00 group, the ICB00 group showed significantly higher intermediate visual acuity (p < 0.001) and near visual acuity (p < 0.05) 3 months postoperatively.
Conclusions ICB00 provided superior intermediate vision and comparable distance performance and photic phenomena compared to a standard monofocal IOL.

PURPOSE: Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy(DMD/BMD) is an X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations of dystrophin genes. The purpose of the present study is to determine the frequency and the patterns of dystrophin gene deletions and to investigate the correlation of genotypes and phenotypes. METHODS: There were included a total of 89 children(88 boys and 1 girl) diagnosed as DMD/BMD by immunohistochemistry and/or genetic analysis from 1999 to 2003 at Seoul National University Children's Hospital. We analyzed the genomic DNA by multiplex PCR using a 26 dystrophin exon primer set. Direct sequencing was performed on 23 exons(in which point mutations were detected in other previous reports) in 22 patients without deletions. Phenotype and genotype relationship analysis was performed on the basis of retrospective clinical reviews. RESULTS: The frequency of dysmorphin gene deletions was 54%(32/59), which is lower than that of European and American data. Exon deletions were detected in 59 cases and the deletion "hot spots" were exon 44-54 constituting 80% of all deletions. In 6 cases without detectable deletions, 6 point mutaions(3 nonsense mutations and 3 nucleotide variants) were detected. The patients whose deletions were in the central parts or the patients with multiple exon deletions tended to show earlier symptom onsets and more rapid progressions of weakness but there were no statistical significances. CONCLUSION: Since deletions in dystrophin genes were detected in about 50% of the patients, studies on dystrophin protein expressions using muscle biopsy samples must be done for correct diagnosis.
Biopsy ; Codon, Nonsense ; Diagnosis ; DNA ; Dystrophin* ; Exons ; Gene Deletion ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Molecular Biology* ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Muscular Dystrophies* ; Phenotype ; Point Mutation ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

PURPOSE: Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy(DMD/BMD) is an X-linked recessive disorder caused by mutations of dystrophin genes. The purpose of the present study is to determine the frequency and the patterns of dystrophin gene deletions and to investigate the correlation of genotypes and phenotypes. METHODS: There were included a total of 89 children(88 boys and 1 girl) diagnosed as DMD/BMD by immunohistochemistry and/or genetic analysis from 1999 to 2003 at Seoul National University Children's Hospital. We analyzed the genomic DNA by multiplex PCR using a 26 dystrophin exon primer set. Direct sequencing was performed on 23 exons(in which point mutations were detected in other previous reports) in 22 patients without deletions. Phenotype and genotype relationship analysis was performed on the basis of retrospective clinical reviews. RESULTS: The frequency of dysmorphin gene deletions was 54%(32/59), which is lower than that of European and American data. Exon deletions were detected in 59 cases and the deletion "hot spots" were exon 44-54 constituting 80% of all deletions. In 6 cases without detectable deletions, 6 point mutaions(3 nonsense mutations and 3 nucleotide variants) were detected. The patients whose deletions were in the central parts or the patients with multiple exon deletions tended to show earlier symptom onsets and more rapid progressions of weakness but there were no statistical significances. CONCLUSION: Since deletions in dystrophin genes were detected in about 50% of the patients, studies on dystrophin protein expressions using muscle biopsy samples must be done for correct diagnosis.
Biopsy ; Codon, Nonsense ; Diagnosis ; DNA ; Dystrophin* ; Exons ; Gene Deletion ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Molecular Biology* ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Muscular Dystrophies* ; Phenotype ; Point Mutation ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

OBJECTIVES: According to preceding studies, many people with mental disability have unbalanced dietary habits or excessive intake of calories. Most of them are overweight or obese due to lack of self-control for food consumption, swallowing with inadequate chewing and physical inactivity. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the nutritional intake, including carotenoid, in mentally disabled people and find out a possible solution for nutritional improvement. METHODS: People with intellectual disability (N=28), emotional disability (N=44) participated in this study. The disorder grades were from I to III and ages were between 20 and 65 years. Assessments included anthropometry, daily intake of nutrients, including carotenoid, ROMA III questionnaire for assessing bowel movement. RESULTS: The average BMI of intellectually disabled people and emotionally disabled people was in the range of overweight and obesity respectively (23.7 +/- 6.3 kg/m2, 25.8 +/- 4.1 kg/m2). Overall, the frequencies of vegetable and dairy product intakes were lower in this population. When compared with Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) from Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2010, the intakes of vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and calcium were insufficient in both groups. Also, lycopene intakes of carotenoid were low, compared with traditional Korean diet of the non-disabled people from the second year 2008 of the 4th National Health and Nutrition Survey. In addition, emotionally disabled people also had lower intake of cryptoxanthin. CONCLUSIONS: The mentally disabled people in this study showed lower intakes of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, calcium and carotenoids. Based on these findings, we recommend that it is important to encourage mentally disabled people to consume sufficient amounts of such nutrients in order to promote nutritional status.
Adult* ; Anthropometry ; Calcium ; Carotenoids ; Dairy Products ; Deglutition ; Diet ; Food Habits* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Mastication ; Mentally Disabled Persons* ; Nutrition Surveys ; Nutritional Status ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recommended Dietary Allowances ; Riboflavin ; Thiamine ; Vegetables

The effects of polarized-light therapy (PLT) on high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis were investigated in comparison with that of lovastatin in rabbits. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding male New Zealand white rabbits with 1% cholesterol in diet for 2 weeks and maintained with 0.5% cholesterol for 6 weeks, followed by normal diet for 2 weeks for recovery. Lovastatin (0.002% in diet) or daily 5-min or 20-min PLT on the outside surface of ears was started 2 weeks after induction of hypercholesterolemia. Hypercholesterolemic rabbits exhibited great increases in serum cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels, and finally severe atheromatous plaques formation covering 57.5% of the arterial walls. Lovastatin markedly reduced both the cholesterol and LDL, but the reducing effect (47.5%) on atheroma formation was relatively low. By comparison, 5-min PLT preferentially decreased LDL, rather than cholesterol, and thereby potentially reduced the atheroma area to 42.2%. Notably, 20-min PLT was superior to lovastatin in reducing both the cholesterol and LDL levels as well as the atheromatous plaque formation (26.4%). In contrast to the increases in blood alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase following lovastatin treatment, PLT did not cause hepatotoxicity. In addition, PLT decreased platelets and hematocrit level. The results indicate that PLT attenuates atherosclerosis not only by lowering blood cholesterol and LDL levels, but also by improving blood flow without adverse effects. Therefore, it is suggested that PLT could be a safe alternative therapy for the improvement of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.
Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood Platelets ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Ear ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Lovastatin ; Male ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Rabbits

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the incidence and variation of the meniscofemoral ligament in Koreans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 100 MR studies of 95 patients were reviewed with special attention to the appearance and incidence of the meniscofemoral ligaments. The ligament of Wrisberg was classified according to proximal insertion: type I, insertion at the posterofemoral condyle ; type II, insertion at the distal portion of the posteriorcruciate ligament ; type III, insertion at the distal portion of the posterior cruciate ligament. On T2-weighted images, the high signal at the meniscal insertion of the meniscofemoral ligament was classified according to itsshape. RESULTS: The ligament o Humprey was observed in 17 cases and the ligament of Wrisberg was in 90:type I in41 cases;type II, 19 cases;type III, in 28 cases; unclassified, in 2 cases. In 77 cases, the cleft with high signal intensity was seen between the meniscofemoral ligament and the posterior cruciate ligament. CONCLUSION: From our results, the incidence of the ligament of Wrisberg on MRI was moe prevelant than the ligament of Humprey. An exact knowledge of the meniscofemoral ligament could be helpful in distinguishing it from pathologic lesions.
Classification* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Knee ; Ligaments* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament