Few have reported fungal sinusitis confined in only sphenoidal sinus which caused orbital complication. Reportedly, early surgical treatment can lead to visual recovery especially in its involvement of optic nerve. We report a patients who was hospitalized due to sudden decrease in visual acuity and headache, and was histopathologically diagnosed as having aspergillosis confined in sphenoid sinus, but failed to show restoration of visual acuity after the operation using nasal endoscope.
Aspergillosis ; Endoscopes ; Headache ; Humans ; Optic Nerve* ; Orbit ; Sinusitis ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Sphenoid Sinusitis* ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: Porokeratosis is a disorder of epidermal keratinization which is characterized by the presence of cornoid lamellae. Since the original description of the plaque form of Mibelli, various types of porokeratosis have been reported. OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were aimed at evaluating the clinical and biological features of porokeraosis. METHODS: The hospital charts and slides of 29 patients with porokeratosis were reviewed. Only the cases showing characteristic cornoid lamellae by histopathological examinations were included. RESULTS: Female patients outnumbered the male ones (M:F = 1:2.2). Ages of the onset of porokeratosis varied from infancy to 68 years. Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) was the predominant type (22 cases). The Mibelli type was seen in 3 cases and the linear type in 4 cases. Only one case had a family history of porokeratosis. Two patients had complained of pruritus in the lesions, which were the DSAP and linear type, respectively. In that linear type, squamous cell carcinoma developed. Eight patients had other associated diseases. Although 6 patients were treated with CO₂ laser, topical isotretinoin or cryotherapy, the lesions tended to recur, persist or even progress. CONCLUSIONS: Porokeratosis showed various clinical features. DSAP was the predominant type. Two patients complained of itching of the lesions, which were the DSAP and linear types, respeciively. Within that linear type, squamous cell carcinoma developed. We speculate that pruritus might be an ominous sign of malignant transformation of the porokeratosis. We suggest that the Mibelli type and linear type of porokeratosis should be either excised or destroyed, or in widespread cases close follow-up should be mandatory.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cryotherapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Isotretinoin ; Male ; Porokeratosis* ; Pruritus

Epithelioid sarcoma is a rare distinctive malignant neoplasm of soft tissue with frequent recurrences and late metastases. It typically affects young adult males, and epithelioid sarcoma arising in the first decade of life is very rare. Epithelioid sarcoma may be confused with a wide range of benign, especially granulomatous, diseases and other malignancies, but the differentiation can be made, in general, by the characteristic clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features. We report herein a case of epithelioid sarcoma arising on the volar side of the right 5th finger in an 8-year-old boy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of epithelioid sarcoma in a Korean child.
Child* ; Fingers ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Sarcoma* ; Young Adult

Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis which is characterized by the erythematous papules or plaques with a neutrophilic infiltrates around eccrine glands and coils. In 90% of cases, NEH develops in patients who have received chemotherapy for malignant diseases, but other drugs, infections, and paraneoplastic phenomenons are considered as possible etiologic factors. Furthermore, NEH is known to be extremely rare in infants. Herein we report a case of NEH in nine-month-old infant with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), which lesions appeared on the extremities including palms and soles before starting chemotherapy.
Drug Therapy ; Eccrine Glands ; Extremities ; Hidradenitis* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Neutrophils* ; Skin Diseases

Nasal valve collapse is one of the causes of nasal obstruction and must be considered in patients with nasal obstruction. There are several surgical procedures available to treat nasal valve collapse. Spreader grafts can be used in the treatment of nasal valve collapse by widening the internal nasal valve angle and maintaining the widened angle. However, this procedure requires sufficient amount of cartilage harvested from the nasal septum. Especially, in cases of secondary rhinoplasty or some primary nasal surgery with thin septal cartilage, it is difficult to harvest an appropriate amount of cartilage from the septum. Here, we describe an effective technique for using septal cartilage and TnR Nasal Mesh® (T&R Biofab Co., Ltd) for spreader grafts with appropriate thickness in nasal valve collapse.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to explore the association between adherence to 2 cancer prevention recommendations and cancer risk. METHODS: In total, 104,386 individuals aged 40-69 years old who were recruited between 2004 and 2013 in the Health Examinees-Gem study were included. Adherence scores were constructed based on 8 items from the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations, including body weight, physical activity, diet, alcohol consumption and breastfeeding, and on 6 items from the Korean cancer prevention guidelines (smoking status, eating vegetables and fruits, salty foods, alcohol intake, physical activity, and body weight). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the associations between adherence scores and the risk of total and 5 major cancers. RESULTS: The multivariable hazard ratio (HR) for total cancer with the high adherence score versus the lowest score (4.25-7.00 vs. 0.00-3.25) for the WCRF/AICR guidelines was 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 1.00) in men. A reduced breast cancer risk was observed among women with the highest score. Men within the highest category of the Korean cancer prevention guideline score (3.25-6.00) had an HR of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.73 to 0.88) for developing total cancer compared to men within the lowest score (0.00-2.50). The higher adherence group among men showed lower risks of developing stomach, colorectal, and lung cancers. CONCLUSIONS Adhering to guidelines for cancer prevention can help to reduce the risk of developing cancer in Korean men. The association might differ by cancer type and gender.

In order to inquire the most-effective management of increased intracranial pressure(ICP), mannitol, steroid and hyperventilation were used in rabbits after ligation or non-ligation of the carotid artery. Mannitol was more effective than steroid and hyperventilation in the degree of the reduction of ICP. The intracranial pressure was decreased 43~45% for 25~30 minutes after injection of mannitol. Steroid was less effective than mannitol in the degree of the reduction of ICP. But the time of reduction of ICP was longer, that is, the degree of reduction was 24~60 minutes after injection of steroid. Hyperventilation is effective in the initial time only, for 10 minutes after hyperventilation. The degree of ICP reduction was 13.5~16.7 % for 10 minutes after hyperventilation. The combined group, that is three kinds of mangenent were used, is the most effective treatment to reduce ICP of ICP. The degree of the reduction of ICP was 42.1~49.3% for 20 minutes, 47.7~52.5% for 30minnutes. There was no significant difference between and non-ligation group.
Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Hyperventilation ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Ligation ; Mannitol ; Rabbits*

OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed to see ultrastructural changes of pineal gland in rats exposed to microwaves. METHODS: We conducted an experiment by exposing rats at the electromagnetic wave frequency of 2.45GHz, using with an EMR(electromagnetic radiation) emitting apparatus to study the effect of electromagnetic wave on the pineal gland. Paying especial attention to measure damages to pineal gland cells in the brain, we set the levels of EMR according to the duration of electromagnetic wave exposure at 1.2 joules(20min exposure), 2.4 joules(40min exposure), 3.6 joules(60 min exposure), and 4.8 joules(80min exposure) per 1cm2. RESULTS: Compared with normal cells, main histologic changes were observed with an electron microscope included swelling of the pineal gland cells, a decrease in the electron density of interstitial tissue, an increase in the distances between pineal gland cells, an increase in number of lipid-droplets, and swelling of mitochondria. Especially in those pineal cells exposed to EMR for 80 min, severe swelling of mitochondria and a slight increase in lysosome were observed. CONCLUSION: The authors could identify the harmful effect of microwave by observing abnormal ultrastructural changes of pineal cell in rat according to the increasement of electromagnetic radiation.
Animals ; Brain ; Electromagnetic Radiation ; Lysosomes ; Microwaves* ; Mitochondria ; Pineal Gland* ; Rats*

Combining the stereotactic precise localization with open craniotomy can decrease post-operative morbidity and is helpful for total removal of small intra-axial lesion. The authors had good results by the stereotactic guided craniotomy. The method and results of the technique are discussed in reference to 8 patients.
Craniotomy ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic effect of patient compliance with supportive periodontal treatment (PC-SPT). Chronic periodontitis patients were classified based on their compliance level, and factors affecting PC-SPT and the prognosis of PC-SPT were investigated. METHODS: This study selected 206 patients who started SPT after receiving periodontal treatment between 2010 and 2012. Patients who continued SPT through February 2016 were included. The patients were classified according to whether they exhibited complete compliance (100% of visits), excellent compliance (≥70% of visits), incomplete compliance (<70% of visits), or non-compliance (only 2 visits). Patient characteristics that could affect PC-SPT, such as age, sex, distance of the clinic from their residence, implantation, and periodontal treatment, were investigated. The number of newly decayed and extracted teeth, alveolar bone level changes around the teeth and implants, and implant removal were examined to evaluate the prognosis of PC-SPT. RESULTS: Sex and the presence of an implant significantly affected PC-SPT. Additionally, the number of newly decayed and extracted teeth and changes in alveolar bone levels around the teeth and implants were significant prognostic factors related to PC-SPT. CONCLUSIONS: PC-SPT in chronic periodontitis patients will help maintain periodontal health and prevent further periodontal disease.
Chronic Periodontitis ; Compliance ; Humans ; Patient Compliance ; Periodontal Diseases ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tooth