Rud's syndrome (RS), basically composed of ichthyosis, mental deficiency and hypogonadism, is a rare hereditary disease. Some varying dermatologic, neurologic, endocrinologic, ophthalmologic and musculoskeletal abnormalities have coincided with RS. No case of RS has been documented from Asian countries except one from Japan. We describe a 16-year-old girl who presented with lamellar ichthyosis, mental retardation, hypogonadism, short stature, alopecia, sparse eyebrows, strabismus, cataracts, and congenital dislocation of the hip. To our knowledge, RS coexisting congenital dislocation of the hip herein is the first case in English literature.
Adolescent ; Alopecia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cataract ; Dislocations ; Eyebrows ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Hip ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Ichthyosis ; Ichthyosis, Lamellar ; Intellectual Disability ; Japan ; Musculoskeletal Abnormalities ; Strabismus

The ankle joint is a modified complex hinge joint which plays an important role in weight bearing, walking and standing. Hence, the ankle injuries include not only fractures of bone but often also the rupture of ligaments and soft tissues, so if the structures were not accurately repaired, many complications may be developed. The authors have reviewed a series of 70 cases of ankle fractures which were treated in department of orthopaedic surgery of Inha hospital from January 1988 to February 1992. Among the seventy cases, 41 patients (59.4%) were male, and 28 patients (40.6%) were female. Average age was 41.4 years and 3 cases (4.35%) were open fracture. The most common cause was slipping 34 cases (48.6%) and the other causes were traffic accident 23 cases (32.9%), fall from height 6 cases (8.6%), direct blow 5 cases (7.0%) and sports injury 2 cases (2.9%) in order. The rusults obtained form this study were as follows. l. According to the classification fo Lauge-Hansen, the most common fracture mechanism was supination-external rotation injury (24 cases: 34.4%). 2. Among them, 51 cases were treated by operative treatment and 19 cases by conservative treatment. 3. Ten cases (14.3%) in this series were complicated; traumatic arthritis in 7 cases, infection in 2 cases and nonunion 1 case. 4. Open reduction and internal fixation and early anatomical reduction were better than closed reduction and delayed reduction. 5. The incidence of traumatic arthritis occured higher in the cases treated with closed method.
Accidents, Traffic ; Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Injuries ; Ankle Joint ; Ankle ; Arthritis ; Athletic Injuries ; Classification ; Female ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Male ; Methods ; Rupture ; Walking ; Weight-Bearing

PURPOSE: To compare therapeutic outcome of intravitreal bevacizumab in treating macular edema between major and macular branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). METHODS: This retrospective, observational study included 58 eyes from 58 patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO. All patients were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab injection at baseline, followed by further injections as required with monthly follow-up. Central foveal thickness and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated after treatment between major and macular BRVO during 12 months of follow-up. RESULTS: The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the major BRVO group (39 eyes), expressed as the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), decreased from 0.66 ± 0.47 to 0.34 ± 0.28 after 12 months of treatment (p = 0.011). Similarly, in the macular BRVO group (19 eyes), the BCVA decreased from 0.60 ± 0.41 to 0.30 ± 0.22 (p = 0.014). The central foveal thickness decreased in the major BRVO group from 498.5 ± 194.3 µm to 311.3 ± 178.5 µm and in the macular BRVO group from 442.4 ± 155.8 µm to 297.2 ± 145.7 µm (p = 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the groups with regard to either BCVA improvement or decrease in central foveal thickness. The mean injection number of macular BRVO (2.6 ± 1.6) was significantly lower than that of major BRVO (3.5 ± 1.4, p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: The visual acuity improvement achieved after 12 months of intravitreal bevacizumab injection did not differ significantly between major and macular BRVO. However, significantly fewer injections were required for macular BRVO than major BRVO.
Bevacizumab* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Macular Edema* ; Observational Study ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To compare therapeutic outcome of intravitreal bevacizumab in treating macular edema between major and macular branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). METHODS: This retrospective, observational study included 58 eyes from 58 patients with macular edema secondary to BRVO. All patients were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab injection at baseline, followed by further injections as required with monthly follow-up. Central foveal thickness and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated after treatment between major and macular BRVO during 12 months of follow-up. RESULTS: The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the major BRVO group (39 eyes), expressed as the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), decreased from 0.66 ± 0.47 to 0.34 ± 0.28 after 12 months of treatment (p = 0.011). Similarly, in the macular BRVO group (19 eyes), the BCVA decreased from 0.60 ± 0.41 to 0.30 ± 0.22 (p = 0.014). The central foveal thickness decreased in the major BRVO group from 498.5 ± 194.3 µm to 311.3 ± 178.5 µm and in the macular BRVO group from 442.4 ± 155.8 µm to 297.2 ± 145.7 µm (p = 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). However, there was no significant difference between the groups with regard to either BCVA improvement or decrease in central foveal thickness. The mean injection number of macular BRVO (2.6 ± 1.6) was significantly lower than that of major BRVO (3.5 ± 1.4, p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: The visual acuity improvement achieved after 12 months of intravitreal bevacizumab injection did not differ significantly between major and macular BRVO. However, significantly fewer injections were required for macular BRVO than major BRVO.
Bevacizumab* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Macular Edema* ; Observational Study ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity

From July 1989 to February 1993, twelve patients were analysed for infected bone loss which treated with radically debriding all infected dead bone and closed suction-irrigation system with antibiotics and internal lengthening by using the external fixator. The results are summarized as follows. 1, The average time for application of external fixation was 30.7 weeks in tibia, 27 weeks in femur and average time for bone union was 31.5 weeks in femur, 34.2 weeks in tibia. 2. Soft tissue defects were treated with split thickness skin graft in 6 cases, secondary closure in 4 cases, gastrocnemius rotational flap in 2 cases. 3. The length of bone defects after infected bone excision ranged from 2cm to 9.3cm, averaging 4.5cm. The bone defect was treated by internal lengthening after corticotomy with the Ilizarov apparatus in 4 cases, the Orthofix external fixator in 8 cases. 4. Four cases in this series were complicated; one pin tract infection, one angulation deformity, one checkrein deformity, one flexion contracture of knee joint. 5. Infection was managed with radical debriding infected dead bone and closed suction-irrigation system with antibiotics in all cases. 6. We recommend that the infected bone loss can be effectively managed with radically debriding dead bone and closed suction-irrigation system with antibiotics and lengthening with Ilizarov apparatus or Orthofix external fixator.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; External Fixators ; Femur ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Skin ; Tibia ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Abortion, Induced* ; Female ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care*

No abstract available.
Abortion, Induced* ; Female ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care*

No abstract available.
Perfusion*

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is one of the most commonly used antiepileptic agents. With its potent effects against seizure or neuropathic pain, it also has several undesirable adverse events. CBZ has been known to induce hepatotoxicity because the drug is mainly metabolized through hepatic system, and asymptomatic liver enzyme elevation occurs in 5~10% of patients receiving CBZ. There are several cases of symptomatic hepatitis or hepatic necrosis by CBZ, however, reports of chronic cholangitis associated with CBZ medication are rare. Here, we present a case of chronic recurrent cholangitis by CBZ with pathological evidence.
Anticonvulsants ; Carbamazepine* ; Cholangitis* ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Liver ; Necrosis ; Neuralgia ; Seizures

PURPOSE: To compare changes in human central corneal thickness after instillation of proparacaine with those after oxybuprocaine instillation, over a period of 10 minutes. METHODS: Eighteen healthy young participants were recruited. Baseline central corneal thicknesses were measured every 30 seconds for 10 minutes using a noncontact specular microscope. Changes in central corneal thickness were measured every 20 seconds for 10 minutes after the administration of one drop of 0.5% proparacaine into the right eye, and one drop of 0.4% oxybuprocaine into the left eye. RESULTS: Mean baseline central corneal thickness was 531 +/- 45 micrometer in the right eye and 531 +/- 42 micrometer in the left. The central corneal thickness after proparacaine instillation increased to 8.6 micrometer (4.5-12.6 micrometer, 95% CI) and then returned to baseline within 80 seconds. Central corneal thickness after oxybuprocaine instillation increased to 7.7 micrometer (3.6-11.2 micrometer, 95% CI) and then returned to baseline within 80 seconds. There was a second transient increase about 5 minute after proparacaine instillation but no additional transient increase after oxybuprocaine instillation. CONCLUSIONS: The severity of oxybuprocaine's effect on central corneal thickness is similar to that of proparacaine. Central corneal thickness instability may occur for 5 minutes after proparacaine administration. Therefore, changes in central corneal thickness after topical anesthetics instillation should be considered when measuring central corneal thickness.
Anesthetics* ; Humans