No abstract available.
Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Male

Although congenital syphilis can be prevented with prenatal screening, the disease remains problematic. Currently, there are no cases that describe hematuria and pneumonia related to congenital syphilis. We report a case of congenital syphilis that involved nephrotic syndrome and pneumonia alba in a 22-day-old male infant whose mother did not receive adequate prenatal care. The congenital syphilis diagnosis was confirmed with a serologic test and the patient recovered with penicillin treatment. Clinical findings may be subtle in neonates and delayed recognition occurs frequently, thus complete prenatal screening is critical for congenital syphilis prevention. Immediate serologic testing should be performed to obtain a differential diagnosis if an infant is delivered by a mother that has not received appropriate prenatal examinations.
Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exanthema* ; Hematuria* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mothers ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Penicillins ; Pneumonia* ; Prenatal Care ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis, Congenital*

Venous hemangioma is a vascular tumor that has been reported by such diverse names as; "cirsoid aneurysm", "arteriovenous hemangioma", "acral arteriovenous tumor" according to the author's opinions of its origin and histopathologic classification. It is benign and rarely biopsied, and it is also rarely reported in dermatology literature. We present two cases of venous hemangioma. The first case was a 64-year-old man who was presented with an elliptical dark-red plaque with overlying several grouped papules on the left periorbital area which had been present for 7 years. The second case was a 56-year-old man who was presented with a single red papule on the right postauricular area which had been present for 4 months. Histopathologically, there were a well-circumscribed proliferation of thick-walled muscle-containing blood vessels in the dermis. Intermingled with the thick-walled blood vessels, there were also thin-walled dilated blood vessels. In both cases, the thick-walled blood vessels resembled arteries, but they lacked elastic fibers on the Verhoeff van Gieson stain.
Arteries ; Blood Vessels ; Classification ; Dermatology ; Dermis ; Elastic Tissue ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Middle Aged

This study was aimed to elucidate the effect of intracerebroventricular losartan administration on arterial pressure regulation during hemorrhage in rats by power spectral analysis of blood pressure and heart rate variability. Nineteen male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 240-300g were divided into losartan-administered(n=10) and control(n=9) groups. Hemorrhage was induced with a withdrawal pump from the femoral artery at 3ml/kg/min for 5min. Arterial presure was measured with a pressure transducer connected to the contralateral femoral artery for 5min before, during and after hemorrhage. The blood pressure signal digitized at 500 Hz through a data acquisition system was analyzed with fast Fourier transform algorithm to yield power spectra of systolic(SP) and diastolic(DP) blood pressure and instantaneous heart rate(HR). Powers of very low frequency (VLF, 0.02-0.26 Hz), low frequency(LF, 0.26-0.75 Hz) and high frequency(HF, 0.75-5.00 Hz) band were obtained. Basal systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 149+/-9 and 99+/-2mmHg, respectively, and was not changed by hemorrhage in control rats. Basal blood pressure in losartan group was 143+/-9 and 97+/-6mmHg and was significantly lowered to 116+/-13 and 77+/-9mmHg, respectively. HR was significantly increased during and after hemorrhage in both groups. Total power of SP variability in losartan group was 13.9+/-3.2mmHg2 before hemorrhage and was significantly increased to 66.6+/-25.3mmHg2 during hemorrhage. VLF, LF and HF powers of SP variability were 7.3+/-2.0, 3.8+/-1.1 and 2.8+/-0.7mmHg2, respectively, in losartan group and 5.5+/-1.4, 3.7+/-1.5 and 2.8+/-0.8mmHg2 in control rats. VLF and HF powers of SP were increased to 33.0+/-15.2 and 20.3+/-6.4mmHg2 in losartan group, and VLF power was increased to 7.9+/-1.5mmHg2 in control group. VLF power of DP variability increased from 3.3+/-0.9 before hemorrhage to 5.9+/-1.0mmHg2 during hemorrhage in control group. Powers of DP variability in losartan group and those of HR variability in both groups were not changed by hemorrhage. The above results suggested that losartan aggravated the arterial pressure fall during hemorrhage by impairing the sympathetic nerve activation by central angiotensin II.
Angiotensin II ; Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure* ; Femoral Artery ; Fourier Analysis ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles* ; Losartan* ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transducers, Pressure

The present studies were carried out, under natural room condition from June to July in 1969. The period required for growth of eggs and larva varied according to various temperatures and methods of rearing. The average number of eggs laid by the Culex pipiens pallens was 137 per egg raft. The period of gonotrophic cycle was from 3 to 6 days: incubation period of eggs was from 1.5 to 2 days: larva period was from 10 to 14 days: pupa period was from 2 to 3 days. Accordingly, the period from the beginning of gonotrophic cycle to the adult mosquitos in next generation required 25 days at the longest and 16.5 days at the shortest.
parasitology-arthropodology-Culex pipiens pallens ; life cycle ; egg ; pupa ; larva ; mosquito

OBJECTIVE: The HPV vaccination target adolescents, and may be influenced by opinion of parents and other family member. For implementation of HPV vaccine, we measured knowledge of HPV infection and acceptability of vaccination among adults in Korea. METHODS: From August 2006 to November 2007, we provided a written questionnaire to females (above 19 years- olds) who visited Il-sin Christian hospital for prenatal care or gynecological examination. The questionnaire was built using elements of The Health Belief Model. We measured (1) awareness of HPV (2) perceived susceptibility (3) perceived seriousness (4) perceived benefit of vaccination (5) perceived barriers (6) cues to action. RESULTS: Total 975 females answered the questionnaire, and the mean age was 40 years. Only 23.8% knew the fact cervical cancer is related to HPV infection. 78.3% of respondents were willing to accept HPV vaccination after they understood HPV vaccination can prevent cervical cancer. Financial burden and possible side effect were barriers to vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Despite of low awareness of HPV infection, most (78.3%) adults favored having HPV vaccination. But the vaccine was more likely to be accepted if it is recommended by a physician and reasonably priced.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cues ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Female ; Gynecological Examination ; Humans ; Korea ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Parents ; Prenatal Care ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vaccination

PURPOSE: To describe the emergence of the North Texas Korean American Nurses Society (NTKANS) and to examine its sociocultural contributions to Korean immigrant societies in the U.S. for the last half century. METHODS: The study used retrospective historical analysis to explore the first North Texas Korean immigrant nurses' footsteps. Using Christy's historical research methodology, this study explored themes found in the NTKANS Minutes, the directories, and newspapers, and compared them with historical nursing contexts found in documents, immigrant nurse's pictures, and letters. Interviews with twenty first immigrant Korean nurses, the members, were also used as main data. RESULTS: Since its emergence in 1969, the NTKANS have contributed to local Korean societies through community medical services, financial supports to local Korean associations, local publications, and opening Korean school. In addition, the society has contributed to the other Korean immigrant nursing societies in the U.S. CONCLUSION: The sociocultural contributions NTKANS had made to Korean immigrant societies were not possible without its members' enormous efforts, personal struggles, and altruistic dedications. The trials and tribulations these immigrant nurses have overcome and the achievements they made for last half century would greatly inspire students and nurses in Korea who may seek international leadership and scholarship.
Achievement ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Asian Americans ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; Financial Support ; Humans ; Korea ; Leadership ; Periodicals ; Research Design ; Retrospective Studies ; Societies, Nursing ; Texas

Human membranous nephropathy (MN) is morphologically characterized by subepithelial immune complex deposits and progressive thickening of glomerular basement membranes (GBM). Studies have suggested that the enhanced secretion of classical and novel type IV collagen chains in MN contributes to spike formation and the novel type IV collagen chain is particularly related to thickening of GBM. It is unclear whether the increased accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in GBM is due to the increased mRNA expression for type IV collagen in glomerular visceral epithelial cells (GECs). To answer this question, we analyzed seven renal biopsies of patients with idiopathic MN using in situ hybridization. In MN, the number of GECs expressing mRNA for alpha1(IV) collagen was 2.82+/-1.80/glomerular cross section (gcs), and the number expressing mRNA for alpha4(IV) collagen was 8.42+/-2.85/gcs. The number of GECs expressing mRNA for alpha4(IV) collagen was significantly larger than that of alpha1(IV) collagen mRNA. The expression of mRNA for these ECM proteins in normal controls was negligible. These results suggest that subepithelial immune complexes stimulate the gene expression of alpha1(IV) collagen and alpha4(IV) collagen in glomerular GECs which, in turn, increase the secretion of ECM proteins and contribute to the thickening of GBM in MN.
Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Biopsy ; Collagen ; Collagen Type IV* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Gene Expression ; Glomerular Basement Membrane ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization ; Podocytes ; RNA, Messenger*

To identify strategies to prevent sexual problems in teenage girls, respondents in this study answered two open-ended questions: "What are strategies for teenage school girls to prevent unwanted coitus?" and "What are strategies for teenage girls to prevent pregnancy?" The respondents were 12,733 girls from an accessible population of 19,000, a multi-stage cluster sample from a population of 1,988,902 girls attending 4,684 schools in the seven largest cities and nine provinces in Korea. Data were collected by mail between October 2 and October 28, 2000. The response rate was 68.9%. The total number of responses for the first question was 10,345, and for the second, 9,624. Data were analyzed by content analysis. The results of this study are: 1. According to priority, frequent strategies to prevent unwanted coitus were, self assertiveness (35.7%), heterosexual interaction training (24.6%), sex education (21.2%), and innovations in the system of social culture (4.7%). The order of priority was the same whether the respondents had experienced coitus or not. 2. According to priority, frequent strategies to prevent pregnancy were, heterosexual interaction training (27.4%), sex education (26.2%), contraceptive use and induced abortion (21.4%), and innovations in the system of social culture (3.2%). The first priority for the respondents who had not experienced coitus was heterosexual interaction training (27.7%) but contraceptive use (35.5%) was the first priority for the group who had experienced coitus. In sex education, a focus on contraceptive use for teenage girls who have experienced coitus and on heterosexual interaction training for those who have not, would strengthen preventive strategies for these two sexual problems. Assertiveness training as part of sex education would further strengthen prevention strategies.
Abortion, Induced ; Assertiveness ; Coitus ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Female* ; Heterosexuality ; Humans ; Korea* ; Postal Service ; Pregnancy ; Sex Education

A 57 year-old patient developed transient blindness and impending syncope whenever he tumed his head to the right side. The angiography showed severe focal luminal narrowing of the right vertebral artery at the level of C5-C6 interspace with head tumed to the right, but showed normal filling of the right vertebral artery in the straight position. The distal cervical portion of the left vertebral artery was hypoplastic We believe that symptoms of this patient are due to the right vertebral artery compression produced by osteophyte formed at uncinate portion of the vertebrae on head tuming to the right. This patient also experienced transient global amnesia for about four hours after the right vertebral arteriography performed with head tumed to the right.
Amnesia, Transient Global* ; Angiography ; Blindness ; Head ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteophyte ; Phenobarbital ; Spine ; Spondylosis* ; Syncope ; Vertebral Artery ; Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency*