Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular function permits the demonstration of preclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy. In order to define the relationship between diabetic retinopathy and precence of myocardial dysfunction, M-mode echocardiograms were recorded in three groups of diabetics ; group 1, no retinopathy, group 2, background retinopathy, group 3, proliferative retinopathy, and normal controls without evidence fo coronary heart disease. The resultant traces were digitized, and systolic and diastolic parameters were evaluated. None of parameters fo systolic function was modified. however peak velocity of posterior wall thinning was decreased in group 3(p<0.005), peak velocity of left ventricular demension increase was decreased in all three groups(p<0.005, P<0.001, P<0.001 respectively), duration of rapid thinning of posterior wall increased in group 2 and 3(p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively), and duration of rapid inflow of left ventricle was increased in group 3(p<0.005). These results indicate a diminution of myocardial compliance and relaxation in diabetics with retinopathy. It is concluded that abnormalities of left ventricular diastolic function is present in diabetics when left ventricular systolic function is normal and that more severe abnormalities of left ventricular diastolic function in diabetics with proliferative retinopathy reflect a subclinical diabetic cardiomyopathy due to small vessel disease.
Compliance ; Coronary Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Echocardiography* ; Heart Ventricles ; Relaxation ; Ventricular Function, Left*

PURPOSE: To describe the emergence of the North Texas Korean American Nurses Society (NTKANS) and to examine its sociocultural contributions to Korean immigrant societies in the U.S. for the last half century. METHODS: The study used retrospective historical analysis to explore the first North Texas Korean immigrant nurses' footsteps. Using Christy's historical research methodology, this study explored themes found in the NTKANS Minutes, the directories, and newspapers, and compared them with historical nursing contexts found in documents, immigrant nurse's pictures, and letters. Interviews with twenty first immigrant Korean nurses, the members, were also used as main data. RESULTS: Since its emergence in 1969, the NTKANS have contributed to local Korean societies through community medical services, financial supports to local Korean associations, local publications, and opening Korean school. In addition, the society has contributed to the other Korean immigrant nursing societies in the U.S. CONCLUSION: The sociocultural contributions NTKANS had made to Korean immigrant societies were not possible without its members' enormous efforts, personal struggles, and altruistic dedications. The trials and tribulations these immigrant nurses have overcome and the achievements they made for last half century would greatly inspire students and nurses in Korea who may seek international leadership and scholarship.
Achievement ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Asian Americans ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; Financial Support ; Humans ; Korea ; Leadership ; Periodicals ; Research Design ; Retrospective Studies ; Societies, Nursing ; Texas

The purpose of this study was to understand and to explain how were nursing students experienced and accepted the fundemental nursing practice. In addition to, the results of this study are attempted to contribute for offer of basic data in projecting and accomplishing to promote quality practice education. The participants were 790 freshmen of S College of Nursing in kyungi-do. They presented record of feeling and thinking on their the foundemental nursing practice experience. The data were collected from 29, June to 10, July in 1998. Collected data was analyzed by means of Van Kaam's phenomenological method. The results of this study was founded 423 descriptive expression and they were grouped under 42 common factors and they were grouped under 9 categories. By means of the frequency on the categories, the higher category is Anxiety, next Solemn, Flutter, Pride, Usefulness, Recognition of reality in nursing-system, Lack of practice environment, Self-accusation, Comprehension of nursing spirit were founded. 5 common factors, Tension, Difficulty, Dread, Apprehension, Burden were grouped under Anxiety. 7 common factors, Pledge, Memory, importance of practice, Sincerity, Restriction of dress, Acceptance, Active attitude were grouped under Solemn. 5 common factors, Interest, Strange, Beanimated, Waiting, Curiosity were grouped under Flutter. 5 common factors, Conceit, Self-confidence, Skilled, Worth, Accomplishment were grouped under Pride. 6 common factors, acknowledge of nursing affairs, Expectation of future, Fascination of nursing, Acquirement of disposition of nurse, Association of injection, Actual Feeling of dept. of nursing were grouped under Recognition of reality in nursing-system. 4 common factors, Lack of practice time, Many persons of practice, Lack of practice instrument, Lack of reality were grouped under Lack of practice environment. 5 common factors, Inconvenient, Reflection, Loss of pride, Shyness, Feeling sorry were grouped under Self-accusation. 3 common factors, utility, Connection of practice and theory, Various experience were grouped under Usefulness. 2 common factors, Comprehension on the dignity of human, Comprehension on a point of view of patient were grouped under Comprehension of nursing spirit. In conclusion, the following recommendation should be necessary a supplementary study to approach on the type of students that has a firm view and care about client prior to clinical nursing practice.
Anxiety ; Comprehension ; Education ; Exploratory Behavior ; Humans ; Memory ; Nursing* ; Shyness ; Students, Nursing ; Thinking

The study was designed to identify the attitude of nursing students to fundamental nursing practice through Q-methodology. A Q sample was developed through a review of the literature and interviews. Forty statements made up the finalized Q-sample. The P sample consisted of 25 nursing students in S College. Q statements were written on separate cards and were given to the 25 subjects to sort according to degree of agreement or disagreement. The Q-sort by each subject was coded and analyzed with QUANL PC Program. The analysis discovered three major attitudes, namely "type 1: passive demand", "type 2: active self-confidence", "type 3: practical application". The correlation was .213 between type 1 and 2, .409 between type 1 and 3, .379 between t ype 2 and 3. The results revealed three different types of fundamental nursing practice attitude; 1) Passive demand type: they were not satisfied with fundamental nursing practice time, the number of persons, practice machines. They presented anxiety and worry through fundamental nursing practice. Therefore, they will presenta passive attitude of clinical practice experience. 2) Active self-confidence type: they experienced pride as a nursing student and fascination as a nurse was an acquired recognition. 3) Practical application type: they practiced that fundamental nursing skill was applied their family and oneself. Therefore they had tension through initial fundamental nursing practice but they gained self-confidence and interest through practical study. In conclusion, the researchers suggest that the education program would be more effective if it was planned considering to each types of attitude of nursing students for fundamental nursing practice.
Anxiety ; Education ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Q-Sort ; Students, Nursing

The study was designed to identify the attitude of nursing students to fundamental nursing practice through Q-methodology. A Q sample was developed through a review of the literature and interviews. Forty statements made up the finalized Q-sample. The P sample consisted of 25 nursing students in S College. Q statements were written on separate cards and were given to the 25 subjects to sort according to degree of agreement or disagreement. The Q-sort by each subject was coded and analyzed with QUANL PC Program. The analysis discovered three major attitudes, namely "type 1: passive demand", "type 2: active self-confidence", "type 3: practical application". The correlation was .213 between type 1 and 2, .409 between type 1 and 3, .379 between t ype 2 and 3. The results revealed three different types of fundamental nursing practice attitude; 1) Passive demand type: they were not satisfied with fundamental nursing practice time, the number of persons, practice machines. They presented anxiety and worry through fundamental nursing practice. Therefore, they will presenta passive attitude of clinical practice experience. 2) Active self-confidence type: they experienced pride as a nursing student and fascination as a nurse was an acquired recognition. 3) Practical application type: they practiced that fundamental nursing skill was applied their family and oneself. Therefore they had tension through initial fundamental nursing practice but they gained self-confidence and interest through practical study. In conclusion, the researchers suggest that the education program would be more effective if it was planned considering to each types of attitude of nursing students for fundamental nursing practice.
Anxiety ; Education ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Q-Sort ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify awareness of hospital safety culture (AHSC) and safety activities (SA) of workers in a tertiary care hospital, and the factors influencing safety activities. METHODS: 303 Participants from the tertiary care hospital in Seoul were invited. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: The level of AHSC and SA was 3.61 and 4.17, respectively. There were differences between AHSC and SA according to gender, religion, employment status, job class, working period, safety education, need for safety education, and number of safety accident reports. There was a positive relationship between AHSC and SA. The factors influencing SA were communication and process, employment status, and safety accident reports. CONCLUSION: AHSC and SA are important factors to improve hospital safety, as well as increasing chances to receive hospital accreditation.
Accreditation ; Education ; Employment ; Humans ; Safety Management* ; Seoul ; Tertiary Healthcare*

No abstract available.
Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.

Although congenital syphilis can be prevented with prenatal screening, the disease remains problematic. Currently, there are no cases that describe hematuria and pneumonia related to congenital syphilis. We report a case of congenital syphilis that involved nephrotic syndrome and pneumonia alba in a 22-day-old male infant whose mother did not receive adequate prenatal care. The congenital syphilis diagnosis was confirmed with a serologic test and the patient recovered with penicillin treatment. Clinical findings may be subtle in neonates and delayed recognition occurs frequently, thus complete prenatal screening is critical for congenital syphilis prevention. Immediate serologic testing should be performed to obtain a differential diagnosis if an infant is delivered by a mother that has not received appropriate prenatal examinations.
Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exanthema* ; Hematuria* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mothers ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Penicillins ; Pneumonia* ; Prenatal Care ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis, Congenital*

Prostheses and orthoses are appliances made to increase the function of the disabled body. In Korea most appliance makers obtain their basic medical and engineering knowledge and techniques through on-the-job training rather than regular education. It is expected that future training courses for appliance makers will continue to be planned. The most important thing in preparing such courses is to set the limits and level of the text. To plan training courses efficiently, it is essential to check the experience and educational level of the participants, the source of their technique, and their philosophy. The 58 makers who attended the first training course held for one week in August of 1981 answered the questionnaire prepared by the authors concerning the following items: educational level, source of technique (where and how learned), basic medical knowledge, location of shops, degree of and reason for job satisfaction, difficulties in working, approval or disapproval of the training course and reaction to the first training course.
Adult ; Educational Status ; Health Occupations/education* ; Human ; Job Satisfaction ; Korea ; Middle Age ; Orthotic Devices* ; Prostheses and Implants*