No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Hemolytic* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Vitamin E* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Angiotensin II* ; Angiotensins* ; Animals ; Endocrine System* ; Rats*

AC/A ratio of alternating fixation metbod(AF) using Major Amblyoscope was compared with that of simultaneous fixation method(SF). Under SF, AC/A ratio was greater than that of AF and standard deviation of both method was not significantly different. This indicates tbat AC/A ratio of SF was not accurate, because fusional convergence was invariably participated. Therefore, when we measure the AC/A ratio by tbe gradient method using the Major Amblyoscope, AF was desirable.

AC/A ratio of alternating fixation metbod(AF) using Major Amblyoscope was compared with that of simultaneous fixation method(SF). Under SF, AC/A ratio was greater than that of AF and standard deviation of both method was not significantly different. This indicates tbat AC/A ratio of SF was not accurate, because fusional convergence was invariably participated. Therefore, when we measure the AC/A ratio by tbe gradient method using the Major Amblyoscope, AF was desirable.

PURPOSE: Variable modalities, with more comfortable and less incidence of post-operative complications over TURP, have been used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) with bladder outlet obstruction. Recently, we performed Interstitial Laser Coagulation(ILC) with the 830nm diode laser, which is considered as a method of minimally invasive treatments for BPH, to assess the efficacy and safety of the device, and to evaluate its capability of replacing TURP for managing BPH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analysed 16 patients, who had suffered from symptomatic BPH, treated with ILC using diode laser retrospectively from April 1996 to January 1997. Mean age of the patients was 71.7(52-84) years old and mean size of prostates before the treatments was 52.2(26.8-100.7)gm. Treatment outcome was estimated by comparing IPSS, QOL, Qmax, Qave and residual urine before the operations with them of first and second month after the operations. Post-operative transrectal ultrasonography was able to several cooperative cases and they were compared with them of pre-operative volumes, too, although it was unavailable to evaluate statistically. RESULTS: The operation were performed under epidural or spinal anesthesia with average time of 62 minutes and with 10 days of post-operative catheterization. IPSS reduced from 22.25(+/-4.82), mean value before the operation, to 11.00(+/-5.58) and 5.00(+/-3.10) at first and second month after ILC. QOL was gradually decreased from 4.44(+/-0.51) to 2.31(+/-1.20) and 1.19(+/-0.91), too. In terms of Qmax, mean was 12.29(+/-5.55)ml/sec before the operation and it was increased to 15.94(+/-7.38)ml/sec and 20.75(+/-8.48)ml/sec. Average flow rate was also increased from 6.98(+/-2.05)ml/sec to 10.38(+/-3.72)ml/sec and 14.93(+/-4.37)ml/sec. Significant reduction was observed in residual urine volume from 98.13(+/-91.72)ml to 33.19(+/-36.58)ml and 9.56(+/-11.24)ml respectively. Minimal hematuria and mild bladder irritations were common symptoms after the procedure, and possible significant complications as like anemia, electrolyte imbalance(post-TUR syndrome), epididymoorchitis, erectile dysfunction, urethral stricture, retrograde ejaculation had not found in our experience, but 1 patient was retreated with TURP because of continued bladder outlet obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial results with ILC showed that it is a relatively simple and minimally invasive method with minimal occurrence of bleeding and no electrolyte imbalance. We concluded that ILC is a safe and efficacious treatment modality, and it can be used even for elder patients with co-morbidity illness as well as patients with too large prostate to perform TURP.
Anemia ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Ejaculation ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Male ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Humans

Central serous chorioretinopathy is a relatively good prognosis. But certain patients present poor visual outcome. To clarify the courses and factors that affect final visual outcome, 36 patients who did not receive any treatment were studied respectively. The smoke stack type of leakage was more frequently noted in fresh cases. The courses of the disease were similar in spite of difference of type of leakage. The type of leakage did not affect both the initial and final visual acuity. And among the cases with poor visual outcome, there were noted other lesions such as pigment epithelial decompensation, choroidal atrophy and subretinal neovascular membrane.
Atrophy ; Central Serous Chorioretinopathy* ; Choroid ; Humans ; Membranes ; Prognosis ; Smoke ; Visual Acuity

Branch retinal vein occlusion is a disease of relatively good prognosis concerning visual acuity. We have studied 33 patients with temporal branch retinal vein occlusion who have not been treated to investigate the cause of branch retinal vein occlusion and poor visual outcome. The possible causes were as follow; Hypertension was found in 25 patients, hyperlipidemia in two, adiposity in one, Diabetes Mellitus in one and unknown causes in 4 patients. Among those twenty five patients who have hypertension, 6 of them showed eleveted systolic blood pressure, while diastolic blood pressure remains normal, suggesting that high systolic pressure might be a more significant factor than diastolic pressure. Poor visual outcome has been found in eight patients. Four as chronic macular edema. Two has preretinal membrane and remaining two has vitreous opacity and macular hole, respectively. In overall, better prognosis has been observed in inferotemporal branch retinal vein occlusion than insuperotemporal branch retinal vein occlusion. Also, patients who did not have macular hemorrhage had better visual outcome than those who had.
Adiposity ; Blood Pressure ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Macular Edema ; Membranes ; Prognosis ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Visual Acuity