No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms*

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Recently-developed equipment based on bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) not only measures total body fat but also displays several estimated indicators that reflect intra-abdominal fat, such as waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). This study examined the usefulness of these indicators in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: A total of 632 people over 20 years of age (355 men and 277 women, mean age 48.61+/-11.08 years, mean BMI 23.62+/-3.00 kg/m2, 117 MS patients) were enrolled in the study. Measurements of WC and hip circumference were measured by one individual, and WHR was calculated. BIA was performed to estimate waist circumference (BIAWC) and waist-to-hip ratio (BIAWHR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to examine the usefulness of BIAWC and BIAWHR in diagnosing MS. RESULTS: The areas under the curve (AUCs) were 0.836 (95% CI 0.805-0.864) for WC, 0.814 (95% CI 0.782-0.844) for BIAWC, 0.815 (95% CI 0.782-0.844) for WHR, and 0.805 (95% CI 0.772-0.835) for BIAWHR. The difference between the AUCs of WC and BIAWC (0.022, 95% CI -0.004 to 0.048) and the difference between the AUCs of WHR and BIAWHR (0.010, 95% CI -0.015 to 0.034) were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The indices for central obesity estimated by BIA had high agreement with the direct method, and they were not inferior to direct measured indices for predicting metabolic syndrome.
Adipose Tissue ; Area Under Curve ; Electric Impedance ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Male ; Obesity, Abdominal ; ROC Curve ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Hip Ratio

Dentocutaneous fistula of the face neck is an infrequent manifestation of chronic dental infection. A periapical dental abscess may be initiated by disease, trauma, or thermal or chemical injury and develops into an extensive necrosis of surrounding tissue. Diagnostic errors can result in multiple excision, biopsies, and ineffective long-term antibiotic therapy. Awarness that periapical dental abscess is the most common etilolgic factor of cutaneous sinus tracts involves the face & neck will facilitate their early diagnosis and prevent needless treatment or anxiety for the patient. From 1994 to 1998, we have performed 6 cases of dentocutaneous fistula. Among of them, three were men and the others were women, age ranged from 18 to 66-year-old, and morbidity period was from 3 weeks to 3 years, the follow-up period ranged from 5 to 18 months (mean period 11 months). In conclusion, an understanding of the pathogenesis of cutaneous fistulae arising from dental infections will lead to proper early diagnosis and treatment without unnecessary surgery.
Abscess ; Aged ; Anxiety ; Biopsy ; Cutaneous Fistula ; Diagnostic Errors ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Fistula* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Necrosis ; Unnecessary Procedures

The writers have conducted the investigation to assess the nutritional status of young rural Korean children aged form 0 to 4 years old in August 1971. The survey areas were Kaejong-myon, Daeya-myon, Okku-gun, Jeonra-bukdo, Korea. These survey areas were typical agriculture plain areas. The total numbers of children examined were 2,706 comprising 1,394 male and 1,312 female. the weight, height, and chest circumference of children were measured and means and standard deviations were calculated for each measurement. In addition, the nutritional status of each child was classified by the four levels of malnutrition and the Gomez classification. The examination of red blood cell count, haematocrit value, and intestinal parasite infection were carried out at the same time. In general, recent work tend to suggest that environment influences, especially nutrition, are of great importance than genetic background or other biological factors for physical growth and development. Certainly the physical dimensions of the body are much influenced by nutrition, particularly in the rapidly growing period of early childhood. Selected body measurements can therefore give valuable information concerning protein-calory malnutrition. Growth can also be affected by bacterial, viral, and parasite infection. For the field workers in a developing country, therefore, nutritional anthropometry appears to be of greatest value in the assessment of growth failure and undernutrition, principally from lack of protein and calories. In order to compare and evaluate the data obtained, the optimal data of growth from the offspring of the true well-fed, medically and socially protected are needed, So-called "Standards" that have been compiled for preschool children in Korea, However, are based on measurement of children from middle or lower socio-economic groups, sho are in fact, usually undernourished from six months of age onwards and continuously exposed to a succession of infective and parasitic diseases. So that, the Harvard Standards which os one of the international reference standards was used as the reference standards in this study. Findings of the survey were as follows: A. Anthropometric data: 1) Comparing the mean values for body weight obtained with the Korean standard weight of the same age, the rural Korean children were slightly haevier than the Korean standard values in both sexes. Comparing with the Japanese children values, the rural Koran children were slightly haevier in male and in the infant period of female but lighter in female of the period of 1 to 4 years old than Japanese children. 2) Comparing the mean values for height obtained with the Korean standard height of the same age, the rural Korean children were taller than the Korean standard values except the second half of infant period in both sexes. Comparing with the Japanese children, the rural Korean children were slightly smaller than Japanese children except the first half of infant period in both sexes. 3)Mean values of chest circumference of rural Korean children obtained were less than the Korean standard values of the same ages in birth sexes. B. Prevalence of Protein-Calory Malnutrition: Children examined were divided into two groups, i. e. , infant (up to the first birthday) and toddler (1 to $ years old). 1) Percentage of four levels of malnutrition: a) when the nutritional status of each child was classified (1) by body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 52.8%(infant 83.3%, toddler 44.4%) and 39.7%(infant 74.5%, toddler 30.5%), the first level of malnutrition were 31.9% (infant 13.7%,toddler 36.9%) and 31.7%(infant 15.3%, toddler 36.0%), the second level of malnutrition were 12.3%(infant 1.7%, toddler 15.3%) and 23.3% (infant 7.7%, toddler 27.5%), the third level of malnutrition were 2.7%(infant 0.7%, toddler 3.2%) and 4.6%(infant 1.8%, toddler 5.3%) the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.3% (infant 0.7%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.7%(0.7% for infant and toddler) respectively. (2)by height value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 80.3%(infant 97.3%, toddler 75.6%) and 75.1%(infant 96.4%, toddler 69.5%), the first levels of malnutrition were 17.9%(infant 2.0%, toddler 22.3%) and 23.6%(infant 3.6%, toddler 28.8%), the second level of malnutrition were 1.2%(infant 0.3%, toddler 1.5%) and 1.1%(infant 0%, toddler 1.4%), the third level of malnutrition were 0.4%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.5%) and 0.2%(infant 0%, toddler 0.3%), the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) and 0% respectively. (3) By body weight in relation to height, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 87.9%(infant 77.6%, toddler 87.9%) and 78.2%(infant 77.4%, toddler 78.2%), the first level if malnutrition were 12.2%(infant 18.4%, toddler 10.6%) and 18.2%(infant 17.9%, toddler 18.3%), the second level of malnutrition were 1.9%(infant 3.3%, toddler 1.5%) and 3.0%(infant 3.3%, toddler 2.9%), the third level of malnutrition of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0.7%, toddler 0%)and 0.3%(infant 1.5%, toddler 0%) respectively. b) When the nutritional status of each child according to the mother's aged mother (31 to 40 years old) and old aged mother (41 years of above) was classified. (1) By body weight, among infants and toddlers, at each year of age, with increasing the mother's age, there was an increase in percentage of subjects underweight. This tendency of increasing percentage f underweight was more significant in the infant period than the toddler period. (2) By height value, no significant differences between each mother's age group were found. c) When the nutritional status of each child according to the birth rank, i. e. , lower birth rank(first to third) an higher birth rank(fourth of above) was classified. (1) By weight value, children of higher birth rank were slightly more often underweight than those of lower birth rank, but not significant. (2) By height value, no differences were found between children of lower and higher birth rank. 2) Gomez Classification: When the nutritional status of each child was classified a) By body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children, attained standard growth were 53.1%(infant 82.6%, toddler 44.9%) and 39.2%(infant 73.4%, toddler 30.1%), the first degree of malnutrition were 39.4%(infant 14.7%, toddler 46.2%) and 47.1%(infant 21.9%, toddler 53.8%), the second degree of malnutrition were 7.3%(infant 2.3%, toddler 8.6%) and 12.9%(infant 4.0%, toddler 15.2%), and the third degree of malnutrition were 0.2%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.8%(infant 0.7%, toddler 0.9%) respectively. b)By body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children, attained standard growth were 80.8%(infant 97.0%, toddler 76.3%) and 73.8%(infant 95.6%, toddler 68.0%), the first degree of malnutrition were 18.5%(infant 2.7%, toddler 22.9%) and 24.6%(infant 4.4%, toddler 30.0%), the second degree of malnutrition were 0.6%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.7%) and 0.5%(infant 0.1%, toddler 0.7%), and the third degree of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) and 1.1%(infant 0%, toddler 1.3%) respectively. C. Results of clinical laboratory examination: 1) Red blood cells: The range of mean red blood counts for male and female were 3,538,000/m3 to 4,483,000/m3 respectively. The lowest red cell counts were seen at the age of 0-3 months for male and 1-2 months for female. 2) Haematocrit value: The ranges of haematocrit value of male and female were 35.1% to 38.8% and 34.7% to 38.8% respectively. The lowest haematocrit values were seen at the age of 2-3 months for male and 1-2months for female. 3)The prevalence rates of intestinal parasites for male and female children with Ascaris lumbricoides were 34.1%(infant 18.8%, toddler 38.1%) and 36.0%(infant 18.4%, toddler 40.7%), with Trichocephalus trichiuris were 6.8%(infant 2.9%, toddler 7.9%) and 9.0%(infant 3.0%, toddler 10.6%), with Hookworm were 0.3%(infant 0.5%, toddler 0.2%)and 0.3%(infant 0.5%, toddler 0.3%), with Clonorchis sinensis were 0.4%(infant 0%, toddler 0.5%) and 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%)respectively.
Agriculture ; Ancylostomatoidea ; Anthropometry ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biological Factors ; Body Weight ; Cell Count ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Classification ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Developing Countries ; Erythrocyte Count ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea* ; Male ; Malnutrition ; Mothers ; Nutritional Status* ; Parasites ; Parasitic Diseases ; Parturition ; Prevalence ; Thinness ; Thorax ; Trichuris

The effect of illumination on the contrast sensitivity function was studied using an Arden Contrast Sensitivity System and incandescent electric lamp. The intensities of illumination were set at 50,100,200,500, and 1,000 lx. The contrast sensitivity function was saturated at 500 lx of illumination in both monocular and biocular condition. But frequency charicteristics showed that the CSF was increased more at 1,000 lx of illumination at high frequency.
Contrast Sensitivity* ; Lighting*

Behcets disease is a chronic systemic disease of unknown etiology, which is characterized by the recurrent orogenital ulcers, eye involvement and skin manifestations. In addition to the major symptoms, it includes arthritis, vasculitis, neurologic manifestations and gastrointestinal lesions. We report a case of Behcets disease associated with intestinal ulcers. The patient, a 45-year-old female, who had been treated under the diagnosis of Behcets disease for 4 years, presented with swallowing difficulty, vaginal discharge and persistent right lower abdominal pain. Colonoscopic examination showed multiple ulcers on the ileocecal region which is reported as the most common site of gastrointestinal Behcets disease. Gastrointestinal evaluation can be useful in diagnosis of Behcets disease, especially in a patient with gastrointestinal symptoms.
Abdominal Pain ; Arthritis ; Deglutition ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Skin Manifestations ; Ulcer* ; Vaginal Discharge ; Vasculitis

This study was carried out to obtain the basic data for artificial culture of veiled lady mushroom (Dictyophora spp). The optimal conditions for the mycelial growth were 25degrees C and pH 5.0 for all isolates except the optimal temperature of 30degrees C for D. echinovolvata ASI 32002 and Phallus rugulosus . The optimal medium for Dictyophora spp. was PBA (potato bamboo sawdust extract agar) medium. The strain ASI 32002, D. echinovolvata , grew faster than. D. indusiata ASI 32003 and Phallus rugulosus ASI 25007 on the medium. Carbon sources such as glucose, maltose and inuline were favorable for stimulating a mycelial growth of the two strains of ASI 32002 and ASI 32003. Asparagine and glutamine appeared to be favorable to the strain ASI 32002 and ASI 32003, where as alanine, one of nitrogen source also favorable to the strain ASI 32002. The optimum C/N ratio of the two isolates of ASI 32002 and ASI 32003 was about 25 : 1 when 2% glucose as carbon source was mixed with the basal medium. While, in the case of 4% as carbon source, the optimum C/N ratio was about 30 : 1.
Agaricales* ; Alanine ; Asparagine ; Carbon ; Cultural Characteristics* ; Glucose ; Glutamine ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Inulin ; Maltose ; Nitrogen

Perigraft seroma is uncommon complication of polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) grafts applied as an arteriovenous shunt for hemodialysis. It is a collection of clear, sterile fluid confined to nonsecretory fibrous pseudomembrane, most commonly localized around the middle and distal portion of graft. The possible etiologic factors of perigraft seroma include poor graft incorporation, mechanical graft damage caused by alcohol and povidone-iodine, intraoperative streching of the graft, variations in quality control at the time of manufacture and contributing factors such as anemia and coagulopathy in uremia. The best strategy for management of perigraft seroma is not clear. spiration or drainage alone is not effective, and some authors advocate graft removal. We report a case of perigraft seroma around arterial end of PTFE graft along with a brief review of the literatures.
Anemia ; Drainage ; Humans ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Povidone-Iodine ; Quality Control ; Renal Dialysis* ; Seroma* ; Transplants ; Uremia

PURPOSE: Variable modalities, with more comfortable and less incidence of post-operative complications over TURP, have been used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) with bladder outlet obstruction. Recently, we performed Interstitial Laser Coagulation(ILC) with the 830nm diode laser, which is considered as a method of minimally invasive treatments for BPH, to assess the efficacy and safety of the device, and to evaluate its capability of replacing TURP for managing BPH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analysed 16 patients, who had suffered from symptomatic BPH, treated with ILC using diode laser retrospectively from April 1996 to January 1997. Mean age of the patients was 71.7(52-84) years old and mean size of prostates before the treatments was 52.2(26.8-100.7)gm. Treatment outcome was estimated by comparing IPSS, QOL, Qmax, Qave and residual urine before the operations with them of first and second month after the operations. Post-operative transrectal ultrasonography was able to several cooperative cases and they were compared with them of pre-operative volumes, too, although it was unavailable to evaluate statistically. RESULTS: The operation were performed under epidural or spinal anesthesia with average time of 62 minutes and with 10 days of post-operative catheterization. IPSS reduced from 22.25(+/-4.82), mean value before the operation, to 11.00(+/-5.58) and 5.00(+/-3.10) at first and second month after ILC. QOL was gradually decreased from 4.44(+/-0.51) to 2.31(+/-1.20) and 1.19(+/-0.91), too. In terms of Qmax, mean was 12.29(+/-5.55)ml/sec before the operation and it was increased to 15.94(+/-7.38)ml/sec and 20.75(+/-8.48)ml/sec. Average flow rate was also increased from 6.98(+/-2.05)ml/sec to 10.38(+/-3.72)ml/sec and 14.93(+/-4.37)ml/sec. Significant reduction was observed in residual urine volume from 98.13(+/-91.72)ml to 33.19(+/-36.58)ml and 9.56(+/-11.24)ml respectively. Minimal hematuria and mild bladder irritations were common symptoms after the procedure, and possible significant complications as like anemia, electrolyte imbalance(post-TUR syndrome), epididymoorchitis, erectile dysfunction, urethral stricture, retrograde ejaculation had not found in our experience, but 1 patient was retreated with TURP because of continued bladder outlet obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Our initial results with ILC showed that it is a relatively simple and minimally invasive method with minimal occurrence of bleeding and no electrolyte imbalance. We concluded that ILC is a safe and efficacious treatment modality, and it can be used even for elder patients with co-morbidity illness as well as patients with too large prostate to perform TURP.
Anemia ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Ejaculation ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Male ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography ; Urethral Stricture ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction