PURPOSE: Grinding with less stress on 3Y-TZP through proper selection of methods and instruments can lead to a long-term success of prosthesis. The purpose of this study was to compare the phase transformation and physical properties after zirconia surface grinding with 3 different grinding burs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty disc-shaped zirconia specimens were fabricated. Each Ten specimens were ground with AllCeramic SuperMax (NTI, Kahla, Germany), Dura-Green DIA (Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan), and Dura-Green (Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan). Ten specimens were not ground and used as a control group. After the specimen grinding, XRD analysis, surface roughness test, FE-SEM imaging, and biaxial flexural strength test were performed. RESULTS: After surface grinding, small amount of monoclinic phase in all experimental groups was observed. The phase change was higher in specimens, which were ground with Dura-Green DIA and AllCeramic SuperMax burs. The roughness of surfaces increased in specimens, which were ground with Dura-Green DIA and AllCeramic SuperMax burs than control groups and ground with Dura-Green. All experimental groups showed lower flexural strength than control group, but there was no statistically significant difference between control group and ground with Dura-Green DIA and AllCeramic SuperMax burs. The specimens, which were ground with Dura- Green showed the lowest strength. CONCLUSION: The use of dedicated zirconia-specific grinding burs such as Dura-Green DIA and AllCeramic SuperMax burs decreases the grinding time and did not significantly affect the flexural strength of zirconia, and therefore, they may be recommended. However, a fine polishing process should be accompanied to reduce the surface roughness after grinding.
Prostheses and Implants

PURPOSE: To determine the ultrasonographic findings and assess the usefulness of ultrasound (US)-guided biopsy of central lung tumors in patients with obstructive pneumonitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients with central lung tumors causing obstructive pneumonitis, as seen on chest radiographs and chest CT scans, were examined between January 1997 and January 2000. In no patient conclusive histologic diagnosis obtained by means of bronchoscopic biopsy or sputum cytology. Eleven patients were men and three were women, and their ages ranged from 45 to 83 (mean, 64) years. For all examinations, real-time, linear-array, convex US units with a 3.75- and a 5.0-MHz transducer were used. The images obtained were analyzed for evidence of consolidation or atelectasis in the lung, demonstrable tumors, and tumor size and echogenicity. For US-guided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy, 19.5G automatic biopsy devices, were employed. RESULTS: Lung consolidation due to a wedge-shaped, homogeneous, hypoechoic lesion was revealed by sonographic fluid bronchograms, air bronchograms, air alveolograms, and visualization of intraparenchymal pulmonary vessels, which showed appropriate motion with respiration. The tumor presumed to be causing obstruction was seen as a hypoechoic nodule near the hilum or as a well-defined hyperechoic mass inside the partially consolidated lung. Pleural effusion was observed in one case. The cytologic findings indicated the presence of squamous cell carcinoma (n=4), adenocarcinoma (n=4), small cell carcinoma (n=3), non-small cell carcinoma (n=2) and large cell carcinoma (n=1). The success rate was 100%, and there were no complications. CONCLUSION: In patients with central lung tumors causing obstructive pneumonitis, chest ultrasonography and US-guided biopsy are useful adjunctive diagnostic modalities and techniques.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy* ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lung* ; Male ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiration ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of sonography in the evaluation of normal pseudocapsular morphology and the detection of complications after total hip arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between Janvary 1997 and June 2000, 47 patients [35 men and 12 women aged 24 to 84 (mean, 61) years] using real-time linear-array, convex US units with 3.5-MHz and 10-MHz transducers. Normal capsular morphology in 30 with total hip replacements, who had been asymptomatic for at least one year, was studied, and the prosthetic joint infection demonstrated in six of 17 who had experienced was confirmed at surgery or by US-guided aspiration. RESULTS: Sonograms indicated that a normal pseudocapsule lay straight over the neck of the prosthesis or was slightly convex toward the neck, and that the mean bone-to-pseudocapsule distance was 2.9 mm. However, in the 11 symptomatic patients in whom no evidence of infection was revealed by cultures, th mean distance was 4.7 mm; in the remaining six patients, whose joints were infected (a condition strongly suggested by the presence of extracapsular fluid), the mean distance was 5.5 mm, with no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Sonography can be used to evaluate normal caspular morphology after total hip replacement and to diagnose infection around hip prostheses. In all patients in whom sonography revealed the presence of extra-articular fiuid, infection had occurred.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Female ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Neck ; Prostheses and Implants ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: Kimura's disease is an uncommon, chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology which occurs predominantly in Orientals and presents with tumor-like swellings mainly in the head and neck region. Orbital and ocular adnexal cases are rare. We report a case of Kimura's disease of the eyelid. METHODS: A 52-year-old male presented with a 10-year history of intermittently recurrent swelling and a painless mass of the left upper eyelid. The mass was resected and biopsied for histological examination. RESULTS: The case was diagnosed with Kimura's disease by the clinical and histopathologic findings.
Eyelids* ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Orbit

PURPOSE: To report and review 2 cases of Klebsiella Pneumoniae endogenous endophthalmitis showing multi drug resistance that were treated with sulperazone. METHODS: Sulperazone was administered to two patients with Klebsiella Pneumoniae endogenous endophthalmitis: a 51-year-old male with orbital cellulitis who showed no response to vancomycin, ceftazidime, and amikacin for 6days; and a 67-year-old female who showed no response to cefotaxime, and amikacin. RESULTS: Proptosis and inflammation began to improve after changing to sulperazone. Therefore, enucleation and debridement could be avoided. CONCLUSIONS: Good results were obtained by use of Sulperazone which inactivates beta-lactamase irreversibly and which showed bactericidal effect to multi drug resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae endogenous endophthalmitis.
Aged ; Amikacin ; beta-Lactamases ; Cefotaxime ; Ceftazidime ; Debridement ; Drug Resistance ; Endophthalmitis* ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Klebsiella pneumoniae* ; Klebsiella* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orbital Cellulitis ; Vancomycin

BACKGROUND: LORETA (Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography) produces a three-dimensional current density mapping from digitized EEG (electroencephalography) data. A comparison between visual waveform analysis of scalp EEG and LORETA method may be helpful for the exact localization of epileptiform discharges. METHODS: Digital EEG data from 20 subjects showing epileptiform discharges that were localized in the left or right frontotemporal regions (F7, F8) were studied. Those EEG waves were recorded using international 10~20 system. Phase reversals in bipolar montage were converted to referential montage and waveforms were analyzed visually. Those spike waves were converted into three-dimensional potential density mapping by LORETA method and maximum negative potential density region was determined. RESULTS: The same localization in the frontotemporal region (F7, F8) between two methods was noted in 16 subjects (80.0%). The discordant localization by LORETA method was noted in 4 subjects (20.0%). In different localiza-tion subjects, their locations were frontopolar region (Fp1, Fp 2) in 2 subjects, lateral temporal region (T7, T8) in 1 and posterior temporal region (P7, P8) in 1 subject, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Even though the localization of epileptiform discharges by visual waveform analysis is a traditional method, electrical potential density mapping by LORETA can be a useful adjunctive localization method. If detailed localization is needed, LORETA method should increase accuracy.
Electroencephalography ; Magnets* ; Scalp

PURPOSE: To measure the normal size of the styloid process using 3D (three-dimensional) reconstruction CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 3D reconstruction images obtained after coronal and axial CT scanning of the temporal bone or neck of 115 patients. The length and shape of both sides of the styloid process, the location of its tip, and calcification of the stylohyoid ligament were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS: The mean length of the styloid process was 26.6 (+/-7.9)mm on the right side, and 26.4(+/-8.3)mm on the left, a statistically insignificant difference (p=0.694). Its mean length was 26.2 (+/-8.5)mm in men and 26.7 (+/-7.2)mm in women, a statically in significant difference (p=0.733). As for variation with age, mean length tended to increase until the third decade, but not beyond. Segmental type (104/230, 45.2%) and fragmental type (73/230, 31.7%) were more commonly seen in shape of styloid process, and tapering tip of styloid process (156/230, 67.9%) is more commonly seen than clubbing tip of it (74/230, 32.1%). The process was angulated in six cases (2.6%); its tip was more frequently located between the internal and external carotid artery (211 cases, 91.7%) than more medially (19 cases, 8.3%). In the former location, the length of the process was 26.2(+/- 7.2)mm, and in the latter, 37.0(+/-6.0)mm. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.000). Calcification had occurred in 33 cases (14.3%). CONCLUSION: The length of a normal styloid process was 18-32 mm. There were no statistically significant differences between its two sides, or between the sexes. Length tended to increase until the third decade, but not beyond. Predominantly the tip was located between the internal and external carotid artery, though the process was longer when its tip was located medially.
Carotid Artery, External ; Female ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Male ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporal Bone ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: The utilization of a cone-beam computed tomography (CT)-assisted surgical template allows for predictable results because implant placement plans can be performed in the actual surgery. In order to assess the accuracy of the CT-guided surgery, angular errors and shoulder/apex distance errors were evaluated by data fusion from before and after the placement. METHODS: Computer-guided implant surgery was performed in five patients with 19 implants. In order to analyze differences of the implant fixture body between preoperative planned implant and postoperative placed implant, angular error and distance errors were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean angular errors between the preoperative planned and postoperative placed implant was 3.84°± 1.49°; the mean distance errors between the planned and placed implants were 0.45 ± 0.48 mm horizontally and 0.63 ± 0.51 mm vertically at the implant neck and 0.70 ± 0.63 mm horizontally and 0.64 ± 0.57 mm vertically at the implant apex for all 19 implants. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to be able to utilize these methods in actual clinical settings by improving the various problems, including the considerations of patient mouth opening limitations, surgical guide preparation, and fixation.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Humans ; Mouth ; Neck ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted

While the neurologic manifestations of syphilis are diverse, stroke is a rare initial manifestation. We report a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient whose neurosyphilis presented as a stroke. A 42-year-old male visited the emergency room due to decreased mental functioning. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed acute infarct on the left frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. A serum Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test was positive. ELISA for HIV antibody and Western blot assays revealed he was infected with HIV. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) VDRL test was positive and protein was increased. The patient was treated with heparization and penicillin G for 14 days. His mental status improved with treatment, and CSF protein and VDRL titers were also decreased 3 months after treatment.
Blotting, Western ; Brain ; Emergencies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; HIV ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Neurosyphilis ; Parietal Lobe ; Penicillin G ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Stroke ; Syphilis

Buckwheat has been reported as a food allergen that can induce urticaria, angioedema and anaphylaxis. Moreover, it can cause occupational asthma and acute exacerbation in patients with asthma. Here, we present a case of an asthmatic patient with bronchial constriction due to buckwheat, who was treated for bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis.
Anaphylaxis ; Angioedema ; Asthma ; Asthma, Occupational ; Bronchoconstriction ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Fagopyrum ; Food Hypersensitivity ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Urticaria