No abstract available.
Animals ; Cerebellum* ; Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate* ; Inositol* ; Rats*

Primary hypomagnesemia is a rare inherited disorder and it is considered to be due to either a defect in the intestinal transport of magnesium or a defect in renal tubular transport. It is important to measure the urinary excretion of magnesium to differentiate the causes of magnesium deficiency. We report here an one-month-old female infant of primary hypomagnesemia who presented generalized tonic-clonic seizures. She had hypomagnesemia(<1.5mg/dL) and several seizure attacks but normal magnesium creatinine ratio in random urine and normal magnesium excretion in 24-hour urine. Continuous oral magnesium supplementation was necessary to avoid the recurrence of symptoms and maintain serum rnagnesium levels.
Creatinine ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnesium ; Magnesium Deficiency ; Recurrence ; Seizures

No abstract available.
Gynecology* ; Laparoscopy*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate of Zirconium Nitride (ZrN) coating on shear bond strength with denture base resin in Co-Cr and Ti-6Al-4V alloy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Co-Cr and Ti-6Al-4V alloy disks (10 mm in diameter, 2.5 mm in thickness; each other: n = 14) were prepared and divided with 2 groups each other by ZrN coating. After primer was applied to disks surface, denture base resin with diameter 6 mm, height 5 mm was bonded on metal disk surface. After surface roughness was measured by Profiler, shear bond strength was determined with Universal testing machine and analyzed with two-way ANOVA. The specimen surfaces and failure mode were examined using a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: ZrN coated groups showed significantly higher rough surface than non-coated groups (P < 0.05). Irrespective of alloy materials, shear bond strength of ZrN coated groups were lower than non-coated groups (P < 0.001). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) of ZrN coated groups showed mixed and adhesive fractures. CONCLUSION: ZrN coating weakened bonding strength between denture base resin and Co-Cr, Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Adhesives ; Alloys* ; Denture Bases* ; Dentures* ; Titanium* ; Zirconium*

Although urinary tract infections are common in adults, pyelonephritis is rarely considered in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure. Acute pyelonephritis without urinary tract obstruction, previous renal diseases or septic shock is a rare cause of acute renal failure. Despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, recovery of renal function could be slow and incomplete. We experienced a 45 year-old woman with diabetes who developed bilateral acute pyelonephritis followed by acute renal failure. The renal biopsy revealed diffuse edematous and focal fibrotic inters- titium with infiltration of lymphocytes compatible with interstitial nephritis. Although her renal function improved gradually with antimicrobial treatment, the process was incomplete and renal dysfunction persisted at about 10-month follow-up, suggesting permanent renal damage. Therefore, we report this case with brief review of related literature.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Middle Aged ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; Pyelonephritis* ; Shock, Septic ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections

The purpose of the present study was to investigate changes in hematological and serum biochemical parameters in ponies exercising 3 times a day. The study included 10 healthy 4- to 5-year-old Jeju crossbred ponies used in riding lessons at an equestrian riding school. Hematology and serum chemistry samples were obtained before the initial lesson and after the last lesson of the day. The post-exercise results showed that packed cell volume, white blood cell, red blood cell, hemoglobin, and total protein levels increased significantly (p < 0.05). Serum Na + also increased significantly (p < 0.01), but serum Ca ++ decreased significantly p < 0.01).Creatinine kinase, aspartate amino transferase, gamma glutamyl transferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and bilirubin levels increased significantly (p < 0.05), but the glucose level decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the serum cortisol hormone level increased significantly (p < 0.01). The results suggest that participating in riding lessons three times a day may result in various physiological changes, indicating the presence of exercise-related stress in riding ponies.

PURPOSE: The conventional trocar and cannula method in peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter insertion has its limitation in clinical setting. The aim of this study was to compare a modified method for percutaneous PD catheter insertion with the conventional method, and demonstrate advantages of the modified method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients at a single center who had percutaneous PD catheters inserted by nephrologists from January 2006 until September 2012, using either a modified method (group M) or the conventional trocar and cannula method (group C), were retrospectively analyzed, in terms of baseline characteristics, complications experienced up to 3 months after the procedure, and the suitability of the procedure for patients. RESULTS: Group M included 82 subjects, while group C included 66 cases. The overall early complication rate in group M (1.2%) was significantly lower than that in group C (19.7%) (p<0.001). The catheter revision rate during timeframe for early complications was significantly lower in group M (0%) than in group C (6.1%) (p=0.024). When comparing Procedure time (1 h 3 min+/-16 min vs. 1 h 36 min+/-19 min, p<0.01), immediate post-procedural pain (2.43+/-1.80 vs. 3.14+/-2.07, p<0.05), and post-procedure days until ambulation (3.95+/-1.13 days vs. 6.17+/-1.34 days, p<0.01), group M was significantly lower than group C. There was no significant difference in total hospitalization period (14.71+/-7.05 days vs. 13.86+/-3.7 days). CONCLUSION: Our modified PD catheter insertion method shows its advantages in early complication rate, early complications revision rate, and the patients' conveniences.
Adult ; Aged ; *Catheters, Indwelling ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneal Dialysis/instrumentation/*methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Instruments ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Catheterization/*instrumentation/methods ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: DiGeorge syndrome (chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome) is a syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies characterized by hypoplasia or aplasia of the thymus and parathyroid, cardiovascular malformation, immune deficiency, cleft palate, characteristic facial features, and hypocalcemia. Ocular findings of DiGeorge syndrome are posterior embryotoxon, retinal vascular tortuosity, strabismus, ptosis, amblyopia and tilted optic disc. The authors present a case of DiGeorge syndrome with ocular manifestation not reported previously in Korea. Case summary: A six-year old female diagnosed with DiGeorge syndrome was referred to the authors' department within the hospital. The chief complaint was blurring vision in both eyes. Best corrected visual acuity of the right eye was 0.5 and of the left eye was 0.63. Cycloplegic refraction revealed high hyperopia and astigmatism in both eyes (OD: +7.25 Dsph; -2.5 Dcyl axis 180degrees, OS: +6.25 Dsph; -3.75 Dcyl axis 180degrees). In addition, hypertelorism, ptosis and tortuous retinal vessels during fundus examination were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Upon the initial diagnosis of DiGeorge syndrome in children, a comprehensive ocular examination is necessary because other ocular conditions may exist which can affect the visual development of the patient.
Amblyopia ; Astigmatism ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Child ; Cleft Palate ; DiGeorge Syndrome ; Eye ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Hypertelorism ; Hypocalcemia ; Korea ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde ; Strabismus ; Thymus Gland ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

Overcrowding of emergency department is a serious and growing problem at St. Mary's Hospital. This has motivated the development of short-stay unit(SSU) as an alternative ward to routine hospital admission and ED discharge. In our hospital a SSU begun to admit patients in January 6, 1997. the SSU received 247 patients from the ED during the eight month interval(January 6, 1997 to August 31, 1997). To examine the utilization of the SSU in ED, we retrospectively analyzed 247 patients admired in SSU from the ED, and compared the average hours per patient with acute gastroenteritis spent in the ED doing the 2-month intervals before(July-August 1996) and after(July-August 1997) the establishment of the SSU. The following results were obtained; 1. The total patients consist of EM 92(37.2%), GS 48(19.4%), IM 24(9.7%), PS 21(8.5%), OS 20(8.1%), OBGY 14(5.7%) and others 28(11.3%). 2. The results of EM patients admitted in SSU from ED 1) Sex ratio of male to female was 1:1.1 and the mean age was 37.3+/-16 years. 2) In diagnosis, acute gastroenteritis was 29 cases(31.5%), multiple contusion 14 cases(15.2%), drug intoxication 12 cases(13%), limb laceration 6 cases(6.5%), tendon rupture offhand 6 cases(6.5%), and others 19 cases(20.6%). 3) Mean length of stay in ED was 9.18 hours. 4) Among 92 patients to the SSU, 79 patients(85.9%) were discharged, 11 patients(11.9%) formally admired to hospital and 2 patients(2.2%) transferred to otherhospital. The mean hospital stay time of the patients admitted to SSU was 2.6 days. 3. There was a significant reduction in the average stay time spent in the ED by treat-and-releasing patients with acute gastroenteritis after the establishment of the SSU(from 14.65+/-9.6 to 7.52+/-5.4 hr/patient, p<0.001). Conclusively, the establishment of the SSU can shorten the average stay time that treat-and-releasing patients spend in the ED, and reduce the number of admixed patients waiting in the ED.
Contusions ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Extremities ; Female ; Gastroenteritis ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Sex Ratio ; Tendons

BACKGROUND: Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a serious disease originating in odontogenic or oropharyngeal infection with high mortality despite adequate antibiotics and aggressive surgery. We analyzed results of treatment for DNM. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied 8 cases diagnosed as DNM from 1998 to 2007. All patients received emergent surgical drainage and debridement with broad spectrum antibiotics just after diagnosis. Antibiotics were changed after bacterial susceptibility testing. The surgical approach included 2 cases of cervicotomy, 6 cases of cervicotomy, and a thoracotomy. RESULT: The interval between symptom onset and hospitalization was 4.6+/-1.8 days (1~9 day). DNM originated in 4 cases of odontogenic infection (50%), 2 cases of oropharyngeal infection (25%), and 2 cases of unknown origin (25%). Causative organisms were found in 6 cases; Streptococcus in 4 cases, Staphylococcus in 1 case, and Klebsiella in 1 case. The Endo DNM classification was type I (2 cases), IIA (3 cases), and IIB (3 cases). The incidence of thoracotomy was 75%. The surgical mortality rate was 25% (2/8). The cause of death was multiple organ failure caused by septic shock. All mortality cases received only cervicotomy and aggravated infections after initial drainage. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis, immediate surgical drainage, and adequate antibiotics, including covered anaerobes, are required. Thoracotomy should be performed with cervicotomy even for localized DNM.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cause of Death ; Debridement ; Drainage ; Early Diagnosis ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Klebsiella ; Mediastinitis ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Necrosis ; Shock, Septic ; Staphylococcus ; Streptococcus ; Thoracotomy