No Abstract Available.
HIV-1* ; Transcription Factors*

PURPOSE: Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN) accompanied by nephrotic syndrome(NS) is known to have a poor prognosis and effective treatment is still controversial, even though both corticosteroids and immunosuppresant have been used for therapy. Cyclosporine A(CsA) is a well known immunosuppresant and widely used in renal transplantation and glomerular diseases especially steroid resistant. The aims of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CsA and to compare CsA with previously reported our data of rifampin(RFP) and azathioprine(AZA) in children with HSPN accompanied by NS. METHODS: 37 HSPN patients with NS confirmed by renal biopsy were selected. Of these, 17 patients were treated with CsA(5 mg/kg/day) for 6-8 months, 7 children were treated with RFP(10-20 mg/kg/day) for 9-12 months and 13 patients were treated with AZA(2 mg/kg/day) for 8 months. Along with these regimens, low dose oral prednisolone(0.5-1 mg/kg, qod) was also used. Sequential renal biopsy was done in all patients 1 month after termination of treatment. RESULTS: Complete remission rate of nephrotic syndrome was 5S.8% in CsA, 57.1% in RFP and 38.4% in AZA group after 17, 22, 11 months of mean follow-up period. Overall remission rate including partial remission was 88.2% in CsA, 85.7% in RFP and 84.6% in AZA group. Disappearance rate of hematuria was 58.8% in CsA, 57.1% in RFP and 46.2% in AZA group. Improvement of grade of clinical status was observed in 17 out of 17 CsA, 7 out of 7 RFP and 10 out of 13 AZA group. Improvement of pathologic class on sequencial renal biopsy was shown in 5 CsA(29.4%), none RFP(0%) and 2 AZA group(12.4%). Improvement on histologic immune-deposition was seen in 15 CsA(88.2%), 6 RFP(85.9%) and 4 AZA group(30.8%). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, Both CsA and RFP treated groups showed better result in complete remission rate of nephrotic syndrome and significant inprovement of histologic immune-deposition compared with AZA treated group(p=0.004). So, we recommend CsA and RFP rather than AZA for immunosuppresant treatment in HSPN with nephrotic syndrome.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Breast* ; Child ; Cyclosporine ; Diagnosis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Transplantation ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prognosis ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch

No abstract available.
Autopsy* ; Statistics as Topic*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting work engagement and burnout among clinical nurses according to resilience. METHODS: The study design was a descriptive survey and questionnaires were collected from 182 clinical nurses who worked in hospitals in "J" province. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical multiple regressions. RESULTS: The mean score of resilience, work engagement, burnout were 3.47+/-0.38, 4.29+/-0.98, 2.25+/-0.82 respectively. Resilience had 26.3% of the influence on work engagement and 50.5% of the influence on burnout. Sub-variables of causal analysis and empathy of resilience were statistically useful as factors influencing burnout. CONCLUSION: Resilience has been identified as a factor affecting work engagement and burnout. Therefore, nursing departments and nurse managers should strive to develop programs for the promotion of resilience.
Empathy ; Humans ; Nurse Administrators ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: Communication in hospitals is one of the major factors in patient safety. So, the purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between intra-organizational communication satisfaction and the safety attitude of nurses in hospitals. METHOD: A descriptive survey design with convenience sampling was used. Data collection was done using a self-report questionnaire answered by 278 nurses from one university hospital located in Kyeoung-gi Province, Korea. RESULT: Intra-organizational communication satisfaction positively correlated with safety attitude (r=.747, p<.01). Among the 6 sub dimensions of safety attitude, perceptions of management (r=.675, p<.01), job satisfaction (r=.640, p<.01) and teamwork climate (r=.600. p<.01) were strongly related to intra-organizational communication satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis was done to identify explanation power of intra-organizational communication satisfaction against safety attitude. The model was significant (F=48.540, p<.01). Intra-organizational communication satisfaction accounted for 60.9% of variance in safety attitude (Adj R2=.609). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that higher levels of intra-organizational communication satisfaction promote positive safety attitude in hospital nurses and that communication media quality is an important factor in patient safety attitude. Therefore, developing interventions to revitalize intra-organizational communication level based on communication media quality will help in the construction of positive safety attitude in nurses.
Climate ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Job Satisfaction ; Patient Safety

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of structural and functional characteristics of social network on social adjustment in people with mental illness. METHODS: 236 members of the people with mental illness who were enrolled in day hospital, community mental health center and social rehabilitation center participated in the survey. RESULTS: Of structural and functional characteristics of social network, the influenced factors on social adjustment were network size of professional, social support (family, friend and professional) and conflict with professional. When controlling socio-demographic and disorder characteristics, this regression model affected significantly on social adjustment but the power of influence reduced slightly. CONCLUSION: In order to improve the social adjustment of people with mental illness, it is necessary for social network to provide them with more emotional and social resources. Especially, it is important for mental health professionals to build active partnership with the people with mental illness as consumer. For people with mental illness, the economic stability through guaranteed income such as disability benefits, and occupational rehabilitation is very important.
Friends ; Hospitals, Community ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Social Adjustment

PURPOSE: This study aimed at not only suggest some ideas useful in planning and doing the safety education in the elementary schools in the near future putting into test the safety education proposal which has been developed by researchers in accordance with the national 7st education courses but also improve health of the children through taking right safety knowledge and sound safety attitude. METHOD: For this study 140 student are selected from 3-5th grade of the elementary school in Kyoungki-Do and Kwangwon-Do and have been taught the safety education during 10weeks, 10times. RESULT: 1) After the safety education, knowledge about the injury prevention of the children show to be significantly different from that they had before(t=-9.156, p=.000). 2) In order to look into any effect of the attitude about injury prevention after the safety education there were significant difference(t=-3.755, p=.000).CONCLUSION: As the findings of the study indicating that safety education expand the correct knowledge about injury prevention and have more affirmative and sound attitude about injury prevention. So it may be concluded that, safety education have the positive effect both knowledge and attitude about injury prevention among elementary school children.
Child* ; Education* ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Child Health

One author's affiliation is misspelled in original article.

BACKGROUND: Cine MR imaging has been found to bo a non-invasive technique in evaluation cardiac anatomy and cardiovascular function in a variety of cardiac diseases. The capability of this technique for quantatively estimating the severity of regurgitation has not been tested in newborns. The purpose of this study is to compare the degees of tricuspid regurgitation by echorcardiography with those by cine MRI, and verify the utility of MRi in evaluating tricuspid regurgitation. METHODS: Fifty-one newborns with tricuspid regurgitation were evaluated on the same day by echocardiography and cine MRI. Area and regurgitant fraction of area were estimated at four chamber view by two techniques. RESULTS: The area of tricuspid regurgitation was similar by two techniques. The correlation for the area(r=0.66, p<0.025) and the regurgitant area fraction(r=0.647, p<0.025) of tricuspid regurgitation obained by cine MRI with echocardiographic data was good. CONCLUSION: Cine MR imaging can provide quantative data estimating for evaluation of tricuspid regurgitation in newborns.
Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler* ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine* ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency*

No abstract available.
De Lange Syndrome*