Cystadenomas are benign neoplasm in which the epithelium demonstrates adenomatous proliferation. Several morphologic variants of cystadenomas have bean described, including papillary-oncocytic, mucous, and seromucous subtypes. Cystadenomas arising from salivary glands are very rare and seromucous cystadenoma of parotid gland has not been reported in Korea so far. Cystadenomas of the parotid gland usually Present as asymptomatic slowly growing mass and those of the minor salivary glands produce smooth nodules that may be compressible. We performed a superficial parotidectomy in a patient with a seromucous cystadenoma. This may be the first report of seromucous cystadenoma of carotid gland in Korea.
Cystadenoma* ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Korea ; Parotid Gland* ; Salivary Glands ; Salivary Glands, Minor

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Thoracic Injuries* ; Thorax* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

PURPOSE: The postpubertal males with unilateral cryptorchidism undergo orchiectomy rather than orchiopexy, which is based on the various reports in its effect on fertility and predisposition to testicular cancer. We reviewed retrospectively the clinical features and histopathological findings of orchiectomized testes and investigated the role of orchiectomy in the postpubertal unilateral cryptorchidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 42 patients with postpubertal unilateral cryptorchidism who underwent orchiectomy from 1986 to 1998, retrospectively. Patient`s age ranged from 15 to 47 years(mean 26.4). The cryptorchid testes were palpable in 33 cases(79%) and impalpable in 9 cases(21%). We classified cryptorchid testes histopathologically into 2 broad groups of specimens with no spermatogenesis(severe atrophy and/or Sertoli cell-only syndrome) and specimens displaying spermatogenesis(maturation arrest, hypospermatogenesis). In 38 cases of all orchiectomized specimens, testicular volume was calculated by Lambert`s formula. RESULTS: Histopathology showed maturation arrest in 8 cases(19%) while 34 cases(81%) had severe atrophy and/or Sertoli cell-only syndrome. No case of carcinoma in situ or cancer was found in testicular tissue. The location of the cryptorchid testes was the prepubic area in 13(31%), inguinal canal in 23(55%), and abdomen in 6(14%). There was a statistically significant difference in the relationship between the presence and absence of spermatogenesis in cryptorchid testes and the anatomical levels of descent(p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the relationship between testicular volume and the location of cryptorchid testes, between testicular volume and patient`s age(p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Currently, orchiectomy is mostly advocated for a postpubertal unilateral cryptorchid testis because of the risk of future malignancy. But we consider that orchiopexy is a valuable modality of treatment for postpubertal unilateral cryptorchid testis, especially located at prepubic area, after performing testis biopsy and then periodic follow-up is required.
Abdomen ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma in Situ ; Cryptorchidism* ; Fertility ; Humans ; Inguinal Canal ; Male ; Orchiectomy* ; Orchiopexy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome ; Spermatogenesis ; Testicular Neoplasms ; Testis

We report a rare case of subepithelial hematoma of the renal pelvis (AntopoI-Goldman Lesion). A 55-year-old women visited our hospital because of gross hematuria. Ultrasonogram showed a 4cm well-defined solid mass of the left renal pelvis. Intravenous pyelography revealed compression of the left upper pelvicocalyceal system by the mass with contrast filling within the mass. CT scan revealed Iobulated well defined mass in the left renal pelvis extending into renal parenchyme. A transitional cell carcinoma or renal cell carcinoma was suspected radiologically, and the patient underwent left total nephrectomy. In pathology, the lesion turned out to be a subepithelial hemaroma. In the differential diagnosis of renal malignancy, a subepithelial hematoma of the renal pelvis may be included.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hematoma* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis* ; Middle Aged ; Nephrectomy ; Pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Urography

This study was performed to evaluate whether increasing hemoglobin before ascent by prophylactic erythropoietin injections prevents acute mountain sickness (AMS). This open-label, randomized, controlled trial involved 39 healthy volunteers with hemoglobin < or =15.5 g/dL who were divided randomly into erythropoietin (n=20) and control (n=19) groups. Epoetin alpha 10,000 IU injections were given weekly for four consecutive weeks. On day 1, and 7 days after the last injection (day 29), oxygen saturation (SaO2), and hemoglobin were measured. The subjects departed Seoul on day 30 and arrived at Annapurna base camp (ABC, 4,130 m) on day 34. AMS was diagnosed when headache and Lake Louise score (LLS) of > or =3 were present. Immediate descent criteria followed US Army recommendations. Two groups differ in hemoglobin levels on day 29 (15.4+/-1.1 vs 14.2+/-1.0 g/dL, P=0.001). At ABC, erythropoietin group had a significantly lower mean LLS, AMS incidence, and number of subjects who met immediate descent criteria. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that SaO2<87% and control group, but not hemoglobin<15.0 g/dL, independently predicted satisfaction of immediate descent criteria. Erythropoietin-related adverse effects were not observed. In conclusion, erythropoietin may be an effective prophylaxis for AMS.(Clinical Trial Registry Number; NCT 01665781).
Acute Disease ; Adult ; Altitude Sickness/diagnosis/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Erythropoietin/*therapeutic use ; Female ; Headache/physiopathology ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Oxygen/blood ; Questionnaires ; Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use

BACKGROUND: Subcapital femoral neck is known to cause many complications, such as avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head or nonunion, compared with other femoral neck fractures. The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence of AVN and fixation failures in patients treated with internal fixation using cannulated screws for the subcapital femoral neck fractures. METHODS: This study targeted a total of 84 cases of subcapital femoral neck fractures that underwent internal fixation using cannulated screws. The average follow-up time after surgery was 36.8 months (range, 24 to 148 months). RESULTS: Nine hips (10.7%) showing AVN of the femoral head and 6 hips (7.1%) showing fixation failures were observed. The factors affecting the incidence of AVN of the femoral head after sustaining fractures correlated well with fracture types in the Garden classification (p = 0.030). The factors affecting fixation failure were the degree of reduction (p = 0.001) measured by the Garden alignment index and firm fixation (p = 0.009) assessed using the technique of 3-point fixation through the inferomedial cortical bone of the femoral neck. CONCLUSIONS: The complication rates for subcapital femoral neck fractures were lower than those previously reported; hence, internal fixation could be a primary treatment option for these fractures.
Classification ; Femoral Neck Fractures* ; Femur Neck* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Incidence ; Necrosis ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To investigate trends of the research designs and statistical methods in the Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine (ARM) published from 2005 to 2015 through a comparison of articles with the Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (APMR). METHODS: The authors reviewed all articles published in ARM and APMR for the years 2005 and 2015 in order to determine their research designs as well as their statistical methods used in each article. RESULTS: In ARM, randomized controlled trials increased from 4.5% in 2005 to 6.5% in 2015. In APMR, randomized controlled trials increased from 8.1% in 2005 to 14.0% in 2015, meta-analyses increased to 5.3%, and systematic reviews increased to 6%. The number of studies using statistical methods increased in ARM from 1.9 to 2.6 per article and in APMR, from 2.7 to 3.1. Use of advanced methods in ARM also showed an increase from 2005 to 2015. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that there is a trend of increased awareness and attempts to use varied research approaches in ARM articles. There should also be more in-depth discussions and opportunities for researchers to share their experiences regarding statistical methods in the clinical field.
Arm ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Methods* ; Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine ; Rehabilitation* ; Research Design*

No abstract available.
Contusions*

Author analyzed 117 patients with traumatic lesions in posterior cranial fossa who had been treated at the Department of Neurosurgery in Jeonju Presbyterian Medical Center from January 1982 to December 1985. Results are summarized as follows: 1) The traumatic lesions in posterior cranial fossa were 4.97% of all head injuries. 2) 73 out of 117 patients were male and female were 44 cases. 75.2% of cases were found below age of 40. 3) The most common cause of injuries was traffic accident with motor vehicle(50%). 4) Occipital skull fractures were found in 69 cases(50.4%). Most of them were linear type. There were 15 epidural hematoma(12.8%), 6 cerebellar hematoma, 4 pontine hematoma, 1 subdural hematoma. 5) 67 cases of all patients were on Grady coma scale grade 1 and 2. 48 cases were on Grady coma scale grade 3 and 4. 2 cases were on Grady coma scale grade 4 and 5 on admission. 6) 13 cases with traumatic hematomas in posterior cranial fossa were treated surgically and 13 cases conservatively. 3 of them were expired. 7) There were 61 cases associated injuries(52.1%). Commonly associated injuries were the fracture of rib, clavicle and femur. 8) 50 out of 117 cases showed sequelae:Motor weakness and cranial nerve palsies were main deficits. 9) The total mortality of traumatic posterior fossa lesions was 12.8%(15 cases) and the operative mortality was 15.4%(2 cases).
Accidents, Traffic ; Clavicle ; Coma ; Cranial Fossa, Posterior* ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Female ; Femur ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Male ; Mortality ; Neurosurgery ; Protestantism ; Ribs ; Skull Fractures

Author analyzed 117 patients with traumatic lesions in posterior cranial fossa who had been treated at the Department of Neurosurgery in Jeonju Presbyterian Medical Center from January 1982 to December 1985. Results are summarized as follows: 1) The traumatic lesions in posterior cranial fossa were 4.97% of all head injuries. 2) 73 out of 117 patients were male and female were 44 cases. 75.2% of cases were found below age of 40. 3) The most common cause of injuries was traffic accident with motor vehicle(50%). 4) Occipital skull fractures were found in 69 cases(50.4%). Most of them were linear type. There were 15 epidural hematoma(12.8%), 6 cerebellar hematoma, 4 pontine hematoma, 1 subdural hematoma. 5) 67 cases of all patients were on Grady coma scale grade 1 and 2. 48 cases were on Grady coma scale grade 3 and 4. 2 cases were on Grady coma scale grade 4 and 5 on admission. 6) 13 cases with traumatic hematomas in posterior cranial fossa were treated surgically and 13 cases conservatively. 3 of them were expired. 7) There were 61 cases associated injuries(52.1%). Commonly associated injuries were the fracture of rib, clavicle and femur. 8) 50 out of 117 cases showed sequelae:Motor weakness and cranial nerve palsies were main deficits. 9) The total mortality of traumatic posterior fossa lesions was 12.8%(15 cases) and the operative mortality was 15.4%(2 cases).
Accidents, Traffic ; Clavicle ; Coma ; Cranial Fossa, Posterior* ; Cranial Nerve Diseases ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Female ; Femur ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do ; Male ; Mortality ; Neurosurgery ; Protestantism ; Ribs ; Skull Fractures