No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Tuberculosis, Renal*

No abstract available.
Infection Control* ; Seoul*

BACKGROUND: As information technology evolves rapidly computer-based surveillance systems for nosocomial infection have been developed. Well designed computerized system could provide an opportunity for improving, enlarging, and conducting hospital-wide surveillance more efficiently in the situation with limited resources. Recently, we launched a new computerized monitoring system in a hospital where digital medical information system has been operated without paper chart. METHODS: We developed a new surveillance program based on the total Electronic Medical Record (EMR) system. Numerous critical medical information can be easily accessible through this system without further work. This includes major demographic data, essential information from the inpatient medical record, the laboratory information system, and the pharmacy information, Comprehensive Clinical Data Repository (CDR) system was also developed. CDR is potentially very useful to conduct a hospital-wide surveillance by integrating all the available information. RESULTS: This system consists of several programs in the EMR and the CDR environment. In the EMR system, inquiry for patients with fever, case ascertainment and registration of nosocomial infections, inquiry for patients with indwelling devices, microbiological reports, and data on antibiotic prescriptions were included. The CDR has integrated comprehensive inquiries for frequency of major pathogens in clinical isolates and their trends of antibiotic resistance, nosocomial infection rates based on the duration of the devices or hospitalization, and the history of antimicrobial usage based on defined daily dosage. Data obtained from the EMR and the CDR systems could be easily accessed by infectious diseases specialists and healthcare workers of infection control services at any place within the hospital. A new reporting system has been built up to facilitate identification of notifiable diseases among the list of diagnoses on the EMR. In addition, the "Alert" notice was designed to highlight isolation precautions for indicated cases. CONCLUSION: This new computerized surveillance program might be a valuable model to which other hospitals can refer to develop newer version of programs in the future.
Clinical Laboratory Information Systems ; Communicable Diseases ; Cross Infection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Electronic Health Records* ; Fever ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Information Systems ; Inpatients ; Medical Records ; Pharmacy ; Prescriptions ; Specialization

The rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate is very rarely encountered in the western literature, and only a few reports have been published in Korea. The authours recently experienced two cases of rhabdomyosarcomas of the prostate in 35-year-old and 51-year-old males who had suffered from gross hematuria and difficulty of urination. Microscopic studies showed embryonal type of rhabdomyosarcoma in two cases. The clinical and pathological features of the distinctive prostatic rhabdomyosarcoma are described, and a brief review of the literature is made.
Male ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug which is widely used for cancer therapy including ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study is to elucidate synergistic effect of Cispaltin and Theophylline on the apoptosis of OC-109. METHODS: Human ovarian cancer cell lines of epithelial origin (OC-109, OC-238) were used for experiments. Antibody of Bcl-2 gene was purchased by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Heidelberg, Germany) and p53 antibody and Mdm-2 antibody were generous gift from M. Oren at the Weizmann Institute (Rehovot, Israel). Apoptosis was measured by FACS analysis and TUNEL method. Western blot for protein expression and biochemical analysis for measuring protein was done by Bradford method. RESULTS: The inhibitory effect of Cisplatin on the cell growth began at the concentration of 0.3 microM and increased to 9 microM, while Gemzar began to inhibit cell growth at the concentration of 0.0013 microM and increased to 0.12 microM. Theophylline did not show significant inhibitory effect until the concentration of 80 microgram/mL, but the cell growth was inhibited significantly at the concentration of 320 microgram/mL. Synergistic effect of Cisplatin and Theophylline was observed at the concentration of 1 microM and 80 microgram/mL, respectively. Apoptosis was measured by the shifting to sub-G1 phase of cell cycle by FACS analysis. Synergistic effect of Cispatin, Gemzar and Theophylline was observed. TUNEL assay also showed clear synergistic effect of Cisplatin and Theophylline. Bcl-2 gene product which inhibits the apoptosis was down-regulated after Cisplatin, Cisplatin and Theophylline co-treatment. Mdm-2 gene product was up-regulated while p53 protein was not changed significantly. CONCLUSION: Synergistic effect of Cisplatin and Theophylline on the inhibition of cell growth by apoptosis was clearly observed. This effect suggest the possibility lowering the concentration of chemotherapeutic drugs, which alleviate the side effect of drugs. Bcl-2 gene expression was down-regulated after Cisplatin and Theophylline co-treatment while Mdm-2 gene expression was up-regulated. p53 gene expression was not significantly changed after stimulation of various combination. Apoptosis was measured by FACS analysis and TUNNEL assay, which showed clearly synergistic effect of Cisplatin and Theophylline.
Apoptosis* ; Biotechnology ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line ; Cisplatin* ; Gene Expression ; Genes, bcl-2 ; Genes, p53 ; Humans* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; Theophylline*

We report a rare case of subepithelial hematoma of the renal pelvis (AntopoI-Goldman Lesion). A 55-year-old women visited our hospital because of gross hematuria. Ultrasonogram showed a 4cm well-defined solid mass of the left renal pelvis. Intravenous pyelography revealed compression of the left upper pelvicocalyceal system by the mass with contrast filling within the mass. CT scan revealed Iobulated well defined mass in the left renal pelvis extending into renal parenchyme. A transitional cell carcinoma or renal cell carcinoma was suspected radiologically, and the patient underwent left total nephrectomy. In pathology, the lesion turned out to be a subepithelial hemaroma. In the differential diagnosis of renal malignancy, a subepithelial hematoma of the renal pelvis may be included.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hematoma* ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis* ; Middle Aged ; Nephrectomy ; Pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Urography

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*

INTRODUCTION: Apoptosis is a naturally occurring cell suicide pathway. The absence of a survival factor, such as a particular hormone or growth factor, will induce a cell to initiate its own cell death. This process induced in osteoblast is thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Estrogen plays an important role and exerts direct effects on bone cells, but the role in the maintenance of cell survival and apoptosis is poorly understood. Based on the importance of survival factors and cytokines in bone remodeling, some studies suggest that estrogen acts on bone cell by modulation of cytokine production that increases bone resorption. However other studies have not investigated the effect of estrogen on the apoptosis of osteoblast cells. OBJECTIVE: To understand how estrogens regulate the apoptosis of osteoblast cells, the physiologically active etrogen metabolite 17 beta-estradiol was tested to determine its effects on the well characterized murine osteoblastic cell-line MC3T3-E1. METHODS: Experiments were designed to identify the effects of estrogen on TNF-alpha induced apoptosis and cytokine gene expression, and collagen synthesis. RESULTS: 1.Within 48 hours of exposure, recombinant murine at 10(-11)M - 10(-10)M TNF-alpha increased the rates of DNA synthesis and 10(-11)~M - 10(-9)M TNF-alpha reduces cell proliferation. 2.Estrogen treatment coordinately increased DNA contents, cell proliferation and collagen synthetic activity. 3.10(-10)M TNF-alpha increased the IL-1beta, IL-6 gene expression. 4.Estrogen attenuated the TNF-alpha- dependent increase in these gene expression. 5.Murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells underwent apoptosis following removal of serum, or addition of TNF-alpha, as indicated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling and DNA fragmentation studies. 6.Estrogen inhibited the apoptosis of osteoblast cells induced by 10(-10)M TNF-alpha but not to the levels observed in those control. CONCLUSION: This in vitro evidence suggests that estrogen might exert at least part of antiapoptotic inflence on the bone cells.
Apoptosis* ; Bone Remodeling ; Bone Resorption ; Cell Death ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Collagen ; Cytokines ; DNA ; DNA Fragmentation ; Estradiol ; Estrogens* ; Female ; Gene Expression* ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; Necrosis* ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal ; Suicide ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

No abstract available.
Ultrasonography*

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore and describe the school life experience of male nursing students reinstated at school after military service. METHODS: The participants in the current study were 20 male nursing students from three universities. The data were collected in focus group interviews, and an inductive content analysis was performed on the data obtained from six focus groups. RESULTS: The content relating to the school experience of the participants was categorized into four themes: making a new start, facing challenges, trying to find one's place, and confusion about one's professional identity. CONCLUSION: Nursing education in Korea needs to be reconsidered, as it adheres to a gender-stereotyped identity. This study provides implications for improving the content and quality of nursing education.
Education, Nursing ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Korea ; Life Change Events* ; Male* ; Military Personnel* ; Nurses, Male ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing*