PURPOSE: This study determined which obesity measurement correlates the best with diabetes and prediabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 1603 subjects (611 men, 992 women; age 30-64 years) at the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center. Body mass index, waist circumference, waist-height ratio, waist-hip ratio, waist-thigh ratio, and visceral fat were used as measures of obesity. Visceral fat was acquired using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The prevalences of diabetes and prediabetes were defined using the criteria in the American Diabetes Association 2015 guidelines. RESULTS: After adjusting for age and other potential confounding factors, participants with a visceral fat mass in the upper 10th percentile had a higher odds ratio (OR) for diabetes and prediabetes than the upper 10th percentile of other adiposity indices [men, OR=15.9, 95% confidence interval (CI)=6.4-39.2; women, OR=6.9, 95% CI=3.5-13.7]. Visceral fat mass also had the highest area under the curve with diabetes and prediabetes in both men (0.69, 95% CI=0.64-0.73) and women (0.70, 95% CI=0.67-0.74) compared to other anthropometric measurements of obesity. CONCLUSION: Visceral fat mass measured using DXA is an indicator of diabetes or prediabetes, due to its ability to differentiate between abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; *Adiposity ; Adult ; Anthropometry ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*statistics & numerical data ; Biomarkers/blood ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/*ethnology ; Female ; Humans ; *Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications/*ethnology ; Odds Ratio ; Prediabetic State/*ethnology ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Waist Circumference

We describe a 38-year-old woman with an adenoma of anogenital mammary-like glands on the left labium major. Adenomas of anogenital mammary-like glands have been rarely reported with various nomenclatures in the English literature. The knowledge of this rare disease entity may be important to diagnose and treat the lesions arising on the anogenital areas.
Adenoma* ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Rare Diseases

No abstract available.
Calcium/*analysis ; Coronary Artery Disease/*epidemiology ; Coronary Vessels/*chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*epidemiology ; Vascular Calcification/*epidemiology

Trichogenic tumors are very rare and described as cutaneous neoplasms probably derived from hair germ which develops into hair follicles. We report a case of trichoblastic fibroma on the left parietal scalp of a 45-year-old man. The lesion was a solitary, firm, non-tender, 2×2cm subcutaneous nodule. The histopathological study showed a well circumscribed dermal tumor composed of abundant basophilic palisading basaloid lobules with some keratinous cysts, hair follicle differentiation and fibroblastic stroma.
Basophils ; Fibroblasts ; Fibroma* ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Rabeprazole ; Scalp

No abstract available.
De Lange Syndrome*

Neurocutaneous melanosis is a very rare congenital syndrome characterized by the presence of large or multiple congenital melanocytic nevi and benign or malignant melanotic tumors of the central nervous system. We report herein a case of neurocutaneous melanosis with leptomeningeal melanosis and a malignant melanoma of the right temporal lobe in a 46-year old man. The case is exceptional as regards the late onset of symptoms and death. Even without a malignant melanoma, the symptomatic neurocutaneous melanosis has a fatal course. The syndrome is rare but lethal, so the dermatologist should be aware of this syndrome when evaluating the patients with large or numerous congenital melanocytic nevi so as to watch for the usual signs of increased intracranial pressure and to take prompt palliative measures.
Central Nervous System ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Melanoma ; Melanosis* ; Nevus, Pigmented ; Temporal Lobe

In our recently published article, there were some missing contents in the Acknowledgments section, which should be properly added as follows.

BACKGROUND: There are two kinds of mechanism for laser therapy according to selectie photothermolysis. Selective photothermolysis means that a chromophore can be selectively dei, stroyed with a laser of n appropriate wavelength and of a short pulse duration that is shortor than the thermal relaxation time of the chromophore. It is supposed that the side effects of the continuous wave laser, in which selective photothermolysis does not exist occur more often than when a pulsed wave laser is used. OBJECTIVE: We compar.d the side effects of flashlamp-pumped pulsed tunable dye laser(SPTL), whose treatment is baseal on selective photothermolysis, with those of copper vapor laser(CVL , which is a quasi-continuous thermal laser. METHODS: The laser cl arts of 498 patients with SPTL treatment and 485 patients with CVL, treatment in Asan Medical Center from 1989 to 1994 were examined, retrospectively. RESULTS: 1) Among 498 patients, with SPTL treatment, we observed various side effects in 47(9.4%). The incidences of individial side effects are as follows, hyperpigmentation in 6.2%(31), vesicl formation in 1.6% (8), surface texture change in 0.8% (4), Hypopigmentation in 0.6% (3), scar format,ion in 0.2% (1). 2) After CVL treatment, side effects occurred in 30(6.2%) among 485 patient.. Hyperpigmentation in 3.1%(15), vesicle formation in 2.5%(12), surface texture change in 0.2%(1), hypopigmentation in 0.2%(1), and scar formation in 0.1%(1) were observed. CONCLUSION: The total incidence of side effect.s after CVL treatment is not statistically different, from that after SPTL treatment, which contradicts the previous theory.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Cicatrix ; Copper* ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Hypopigmentation ; Incidence ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Dye* ; Lasers, Gas* ; Relaxation ; Retrospective Studies

Diabetes is a serious public health concern that significantly contributes to the global burden of disease. In Korea, the prevalence of diabetes is 12.5% among individuals aged 19 and older, and 14.8% among individuals aged 30 and older as of 2022. The total number of people with diabetes among those aged 19 and older is estimated to be 5.4 million. The incidence of diabetes decreased from 8.1 per 1,000 persons in 2006 to 6.3 per 1,000 persons in 2014, before rising again to 7.5 per 1,000 persons in 2019. Meanwhile, the incidence of type 1 diabetes increased significantly, from 1.1 per 100,000 persons in 1995 to 4.8 per 100,000 persons in 2016, with the prevalence reaching 41.0 per 100,000 persons in 2017. Additionally, the prevalence of gestational diabetes saw a substantial rise from 4.1% in 2007 to 22.3% in 2023. These changes have resulted in increases in the total medical costs for diabetes, covering both outpatient and inpatient services. Therefore, effective diabetes prevention strategies are urgently needed.

Diabetes is a serious public health concern that significantly contributes to the global burden of disease. In Korea, the prevalence of diabetes is 12.5% among individuals aged 19 and older, and 14.8% among individuals aged 30 and older as of 2022. The total number of people with diabetes among those aged 19 and older is estimated to be 5.4 million. The incidence of diabetes decreased from 8.1 per 1,000 persons in 2006 to 6.3 per 1,000 persons in 2014, before rising again to 7.5 per 1,000 persons in 2019. Meanwhile, the incidence of type 1 diabetes increased significantly, from 1.1 per 100,000 persons in 1995 to 4.8 per 100,000 persons in 2016, with the prevalence reaching 41.0 per 100,000 persons in 2017. Additionally, the prevalence of gestational diabetes saw a substantial rise from 4.1% in 2007 to 22.3% in 2023. These changes have resulted in increases in the total medical costs for diabetes, covering both outpatient and inpatient services. Therefore, effective diabetes prevention strategies are urgently needed.