Bone marrow pressure is neither arterial pressure nor venous pressure of extremity, that is thought the precapillary pressure of bone. It is different between long bone and flat bone, and is also different in various site of the bone. Author measured bone marrow pressure of 84 normal femoral heads of Korean adults for basic data of early diagnosis of avascular necrosis of femoral head. The results are followings : 1. The baseline bone marrow pressure of Korean healthy adults is average 22.5 ±7.2mmHg. 2. The most significant change of bone marrow pressure in stress test is observed at 5 min. after injection of 5cc normal saline. 3. The increase of bone marrow pressure at 5 min. after stress test was average 7.4 ±4.4 mmHg. 4. Sex and age factors do not influence bone marrow pressure.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Arterial Pressure ; Bone Marrow ; Early Diagnosis ; Exercise Test ; Extremities ; Head ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Venous Pressure

No abstract available.
Chylothorax* ; Lymphangiectasis*

We performed analysis of 79 childhood patients diagnosed as vitiligo and nevus depigmentosus in Tediatric Dermatologie Department of Seoul National University Hospital from March 1987 to September 1987. The results were as follows : 1. Of the 79 patients, 31 patients(39.2%) were vitiligo 21 patients(26.6% )were nevus depigmentosus and 27 patients(34.2%)were uncertain by cliniral diagnostic ctriteri.. 2. Viiligo began rarely in infancy(6.4% )and most appeared evenly in all childhood over 1 year old. Nevus clepigmentosus was present at birth in 57.1% of patients and was discovered within the first 6 months after birth in 42.9% of patients. 3. In vitiligo, most lesions were multiple. The most common site of involvement was the face, and there was this tendency of periorficial predisposition. In nevus ciepigmentosus, most lesions were solitary. The most, common aites of involvement were the lowed limbs and trunk, but there was no tendency of periorfcial presposition. 4. We found focal type of vitiligo in,51,6% of patients, vulgaris type in 32. 3 % acrofacial type in 9.6% and segmerital type in 6.5%. We also found isolated pattern of nevus clepigrnento us in 76.2% of patients, ciermatomal p<:ttern in 19.0ki and whorlec1 pattern in 4.8% The contrast enhiancement between the hypopigmented skin and nomal surrounding skin by Wood's light, examinatior reflected the epiclermal melanin pig merit, i. e., the more marked loss of pigmentation, the more accentuatian of the contrast The before, Wood's light examination without I:3OPA staining could help to ciiagnose the atisculte type of vitiligo showing eidermal melanocytes and nevu c.Iepigmeritosus.
Child* ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine* ; Extremities ; Humans ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Nevus* ; Parturition ; Pigmentation ; Seoul ; Skin ; Vitiligo*

Fifteen cases of genital warts were examined for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) using polymerise chain reaction (PCR). HPV6/11 DNA were found in all cases of genital warts. The PCR based methods described here provide a sensitive, accurate means of detecting genital HPVs.
Condylomata Acuminata ; DNA ; Humans* ; Papillomaviridae* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction*

Febrile ulceronecrotic PLEVA is an unusually severe from of PLEVA, characterized by the sudden onset of diffuse ulceronecrotic eruption aasociated with high fever. A mild eruption precede the acute fulminating course, We observed a 13-year-old boy presenting the form of febrile ulceronecrotic PLEVA. The histologic features were those of PLEVA. He received the systemic corticosteroids with aupportive care. To recognize this disorder is important because of a possibly fatal outcome, So close attention and vigorous therapy are necessary.
Adolescent ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Fatal Outcome ; Fever ; Humans ; Male ; Pityriasis Lichenoides* ; Pityriasis*

Buoy flap was useful method for soft tissue defect, bone defect or bone and soft tissue defect. Also the buoy flap could use monitoring for blood flow. The advantages of the buoy flap were long length of perforating cutaneous branch, large diameter of Peroneal vessel, transposition in same leg and the another advantage was that the fibula is the long, straight and mainly cortical bone. To obtain successful result of buoy flap, one must have the anatomic concept for vascular pattern (straight branch, proximal oblique branch, branch from muscular branch, distal oblique branch), relationships with surrounding muscles (between Peroneus m. and Soleus m., Through Peroneus m., through Soleus m.) and length of perforating branch. So, we studied total 19 person, 22 cases of buoy flap, who were admitted and took the operation at Kyung Hee University College hospital, from October 1985 to March 1987.
Clinical Study ; Fibula ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Muscles

"Tumor-to-tumor" metastasis is a rare event; meningioma has been reported as the most common primary intracranial tumor to harbor cancer metastases. Several hypotheses have been previously proposed to explain this occurrence, but the exact mechanism by which these metastases develop into meningiomas is not yet understood. Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy have been valuable diagnostic tools, but preoperative diagnosis of metastasis to meningioma remains highly difficult. We present a case report of a metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer into an intracranial meningioma.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Lung Neoplasms ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningioma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Spectrum Analysis

Etoposide is a semi-synthetic podophyllotoxin that binds to microtubular proteins to inhibit cell division. It has been used extensively in the treatment of both solid and hematologic malignancies. Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema is a distinctive syndrome of painful, symmetric, well-defined swelling and erythema of the palms and soles seen in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy. It occurs most commonly with fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and especially cytosine arabinoside. Although etoposide, mercaptopurine and methotrexate have also been implicated. Here we report a case of acral erythema induced by etoposide in a 15-year-old child with neuroblastoma.
6-Mercaptopurine ; Adolescent ; Cell Division ; Child ; Cytarabine ; Doxorubicin ; Erythema ; Etoposide ; Fluorouracil ; Hand-Foot Syndrome ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Methotrexate ; Podophyllotoxin ; Proteins

BACKGROUND: Previous studies report that apoptosis and autophagy are involved in the pathogenesis of emphysema, and macroautophagy is one of the processes regulating the apoptosis pathway. However, few studies have evaluated whether chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) contributes to the regulation of apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the impact of autophagy, including both macroautophagy and CMA, on the apoptosis in bronchial epithelial cells. METHODS: Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was injected intratracheally into C57BL/6 mice, and emphysema and apoptosis were evaluated in the lungs. After treatment with CSE, apoptosis, macroautophagy, and CMA were measured in BEAS2-B cells, and the impact of autophagy on the apoptosis was evaluated following knockdown of autophagy-related genes by short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). RESULTS: Intratracheal CSE injection resulted in the development of emphysema and an increase in apoptosis in mice. CSE increased the apoptosis in BEAS2-B cells, and also elevated the expression of proteins related to both macroautophagy and CMA in BEAS2-B cells. The knockdown experiment with siRNAs showed that macroautophagy increases apoptosis in BEAS2-B cells, while CMA suppresses apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The intratracheal injection of CSE induces pulmonary emphysema and an increase in apoptosis in mice. CSE also induces apoptosis, macroautophagy, and CMA of bronchial epithelial cells. Macroautophagy and CMA regulate apoptosis in opposite directions.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Autophagy* ; Emphysema ; Epithelial Cells* ; Lung ; Mice ; Pulmonary Emphysema ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Smoke* ; Tobacco Products*

The effects of different grades of running on esophageal motility and gastroesophageal reflux in the fed state were evaluated. We studied healthy volunteers (male: 12, age: 27+/-5 yr) using ambulatory esophageal manometry, pH catheter and portable digital data recorder. Each exercise was performed 30 min after meal, with 20 min of rest between exercises. Subjects exercised on a treadmill at 40% and 70% maximal heart rate. The number of gastroesophageal reflux episodes, the duration of esophageal acid exposure and percent time pH below 4 were significantly (p<0.01) increased during exercise at 70% maximal heart rate. The frequency of contraction (contraction/min) (p<0.05), frequency of repetition (p<0.01), percent of simultaneous contraction (p<0.01), percent of above 100 mmHg amplitude (p<0.05), and frequency of 2-peak contraction (p<0.01) were significantly increased during exercise at 70% maximal heart rate. However, median amplitude and median duration showed no significant changes between each exercise session. Postprandial running exercises induce gastroesophageal reflux, which correlates with exercise intensity. These effects are mediated by disorganized esophageal motility.
Adult ; *Eating ; Esophageal Motility Disorders/etiology/*physiopathology ; Gastroesophageal Reflux/etiology/*physiopathology ; Human ; Male ; Postprandial Period ; *Running