In the rapidly evolving healthcare environment, radiologists strive to establish their rightful place.Thus, there is a need for enhanced outpatient and clinical education within the Department of Radiology and exploration of its methodologies. Accordingly, the Korean Society of Radiology established a task force to investigate the clinical and outpatient practice status of radiologists overseas, current state of related education, involvement of other specialties in radiologic practices and education in Korea, and clinical and outpatient practice status among Korean radiologists. Furthermore, a survey on clinical competency enhancement was conducted among the members of the Korean Society of Radiology. These findings suggest the need for visibility and clinical competency enhancement in radiologists and methodologies for strengthening clinical competencies.

In the rapidly evolving healthcare environment, radiologists strive to establish their rightful place.Thus, there is a need for enhanced outpatient and clinical education within the Department of Radiology and exploration of its methodologies. Accordingly, the Korean Society of Radiology established a task force to investigate the clinical and outpatient practice status of radiologists overseas, current state of related education, involvement of other specialties in radiologic practices and education in Korea, and clinical and outpatient practice status among Korean radiologists. Furthermore, a survey on clinical competency enhancement was conducted among the members of the Korean Society of Radiology. These findings suggest the need for visibility and clinical competency enhancement in radiologists and methodologies for strengthening clinical competencies.

In the rapidly evolving healthcare environment, radiologists strive to establish their rightful place.Thus, there is a need for enhanced outpatient and clinical education within the Department of Radiology and exploration of its methodologies. Accordingly, the Korean Society of Radiology established a task force to investigate the clinical and outpatient practice status of radiologists overseas, current state of related education, involvement of other specialties in radiologic practices and education in Korea, and clinical and outpatient practice status among Korean radiologists. Furthermore, a survey on clinical competency enhancement was conducted among the members of the Korean Society of Radiology. These findings suggest the need for visibility and clinical competency enhancement in radiologists and methodologies for strengthening clinical competencies.

Background/Aims: The newly derived simplified magnetic resonance index of activity (MARIAs) has not been verified in comparison to balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) for patients with small bowel Crohn’s disease (CD). We studied the correlation of MARIAs with simple endoscopic scores for CD (SES-CD) of the ileum based on magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and BAE in patients with small bowel CD. Methods: Fifty patients with small bowel CD who underwent BAE and MRE concurrently within 3 months from September 2020 to June 2021 were enrolled in the study. The primary outcome was the correlation between the active score of ileal SES-CD (ileal SES-CDa)/ileal SES-CD and MARIAs based on BAE and MRE. The cutoff value for MARIAs identifying endoscopically active/ severe disease, defined as ileal SES-CDa/ileal SES-CD of 5/7 or more, was analyzed. Results: Ileal SES-CDa/ileal SES-CD and MARIAs showed strong associations (R=0.76, p<0.001; R=0.78, p<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of MA-RIAs for ileal SES-CDa ≥5 and ileal SES-CD ≥7 was 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.88 to 0.97) and 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 0.97). The cutoff value of MARIAs for detecting active/ severe disease was 3. A MARIAs index value of ≥3 identified ileal SES-CDa ≥5 with a sensitiv-ity of 85% and specificity of 87% and detected ileal SES-CD ≥7 with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 86%. Conclusions This study validated the applicability of MARIAs compared to BAE-based ileal SES-CDa/SES-CD.

This study recruited two men with dysphagia after stroke, aged 57 and 62 years. They had difficulty using both hands properly due to paralysis of the left upper extremity and rheumatoid arthritis of the right hand in patient 1 and paralysis of both upper extremities in patient 2. This study examined the effects of 4 weeks of hand-free chin-tuck-resistance exercise on the hyoid movement and aspiration. The exercises involved isotonic and isometric parts. In isometric CTAR, the patients were asked to chin tuck against the device 3 times for 60 s each with no repetition. In isotonic CTAR, the patient performed 30 consecutive repetitions by strongly pressing against the resistance device and then releasing it. Based on a video fluoroscopic swallowing study, the degree of aspiration was measured using the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) and two-dimensional motion analysis of the hyoid bone. Post-intervention, the hyoid movements in both patients improved by 0.16 and 0.22 cm (anterior movement), and 0.26 and 0.28 cm (superior movement), and the PAS scores decreased by 2 and 2 points, respectively. This study confirms that hands-free chin-tuck resistance exercise is applicable and helpful for improving the hyoid movement and reducing aspiration in patients with dysphagia after stroke. Therefore, this exercise can be introduced as an intervention for improving the swallowing function in patients with dysphagia who have difficulty using both hands.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Chin ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders* ; Exercise ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone* ; Male ; Paralysis ; Stroke* ; Upper Extremity

Many sedatives are used clinically and include benzodiazepines, barbiturates, antihistamines, propofol, and alpha-2-agonist. Benzodiazepines activate GABA neuronal receptors in the brain and present sedating, hypnotic, anxiolytic, amnestic, and anticonvulsant effects, but low analgesic effects. Propofol induce sedative, anxiolytic, and amnestic effects but no analgesic effects. However, risks such as cardiopulmonary instability and hypotension must be considered during administration. Dexmedetomidine is a high selective alpha-2 agonist and has many advantages as a sedative. Patients under dexmedetomidine sedation awaken easily and are more likely to be cooperative. Risk of respiratory depression and cardiopulmonary instability is low as well. Additionally, dexmedetomidine decreases amount of analgesic needed during and after surgery, presenting analgesic effects. Dexmedetomidine also decreases risk of delirium. However, bradycardia may occur and biphasic effects on blood pressure may be observed during beginning of administration. Because of lengthy symptom onset and offset time, physicians should carefully control administration at the beginning and end of dexmedetomidine administration. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the efficacy and availability of dexmedetomidine in various clinical fields including sedation for critically ill patients, regional anesthesia, monitored anesthesia care for some invasive procedures, stabilization of heart in cardiac surgery or endoscopic procedures.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Barbiturates ; Benzodiazepines ; Blood Pressure ; Bradycardia ; Brain ; Critical Illness ; Delirium ; Dexmedetomidine* ; GABAergic Neurons ; Heart ; Histamine Antagonists ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Hypotension ; Propofol ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Thoracic Surgery

Many sedatives are used clinically and include benzodiazepines, barbiturates, antihistamines, propofol, and alpha-2-agonist. Benzodiazepines activate GABA neuronal receptors in the brain and present sedating, hypnotic, anxiolytic, amnestic, and anticonvulsant effects, but low analgesic effects. Propofol induce sedative, anxiolytic, and amnestic effects but no analgesic effects. However, risks such as cardiopulmonary instability and hypotension must be considered during administration. Dexmedetomidine is a high selective alpha-2 agonist and has many advantages as a sedative. Patients under dexmedetomidine sedation awaken easily and are more likely to be cooperative. Risk of respiratory depression and cardiopulmonary instability is low as well. Additionally, dexmedetomidine decreases amount of analgesic needed during and after surgery, presenting analgesic effects. Dexmedetomidine also decreases risk of delirium. However, bradycardia may occur and biphasic effects on blood pressure may be observed during beginning of administration. Because of lengthy symptom onset and offset time, physicians should carefully control administration at the beginning and end of dexmedetomidine administration. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the efficacy and availability of dexmedetomidine in various clinical fields including sedation for critically ill patients, regional anesthesia, monitored anesthesia care for some invasive procedures, stabilization of heart in cardiac surgery or endoscopic procedures.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Barbiturates ; Benzodiazepines ; Blood Pressure ; Bradycardia ; Brain ; Critical Illness ; Delirium ; Dexmedetomidine* ; GABAergic Neurons ; Heart ; Histamine Antagonists ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Hypotension ; Propofol ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Thoracic Surgery