No abstract available.
Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis* ; Oroantral Fistula*

No abstract available.
Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis* ; Oroantral Fistula*

This study was carried out from 1993 to 1994 in the small industries in Incheon. The objectives of this study was in order to estimate the quitting rate, to identify its relating factors and to propose effective quitting management policy in the small industries. The results were as follows; 1. The quitting rate of 266 study workers was 42.1%(l12 workers). 2. Age, working duration, position, marital status were significant difference between the quitting group and the non-quitting group. 10 the quitting group, mean age was young, working duration was short, general employees and unmarried workers were many compared with the non-quitting group. 3. In the industry characteristics, total assets, total sales, sales per person, establishment duration and occupational health and safety status were significant difference between the quitting group and the non-quitting group. In the quitting group, total assets, total sales and sales per person were little, establishment duration of company was short and occupational health and safety status were poor compared with the non-quitting group. 4. In the quitting group, worker's response to employer's disposal about health and safety was more passive and the relation to employer with employee was significantly poor compared with the non-quitting group. 5. Multiple logistic regression analysis of quitting against family income per person, working duration, relation to employer with employee, occupational health and safety status in industry, worker`s response to employer's disposal about health and safety and sales per person was done. Working duration, occupational health and safety status, worker`s response to empolyer's disposal about health and safety were significant eiplainatory variables for quitting. Above results showed that the quitting rate was high and it was significant difference between the quitting group and non -quitting group according to characteristics of workers and of industries. Especially, it suggested that working duration, occupational health and safety status and worker's response to employers disposal about health and safety were significant quitting factor. Therefore, it should be reflected in the quitting management and the policy of steady employment.
Commerce ; Employment ; Humans ; Incheon* ; Logistic Models ; Marital Status ; Occupational Health ; Single Person

No abstract available.
Diabetes Mellitus* ; Humans ; Tibial Nerve*

No abstract available.
Plasmapheresis* ; Prednisolone* ; Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic*

Sudden deafness may be defined as a sensorineural hearing loss that develope over a period of hours or a few days. The severity of the hearing loss may vary from mild to total loss of perception of the most intense sound. The loss of hearing may be permanent, or the hearing may spontaneously return to normal or near normal. Proposed explanations for sudden idiopathic sensorineural loss revolve primarily around viral or vascular etiologies. In addition to noise-induced deafness, which can be divided into a slowly progressive deafness caused by prolonged intense noise exposure and acute acoustic trauma caused by a single exposure to very intense sound. 45- and 52-year-old healthy male smokers with no previous otologic history, noted the acute loss of hearing with tinnitus in his right ear during his unusual intense noise exposed activities. There were no other associated symptoms of dizziness or visual change. After several days without improvement, they presented to the department of otolaryngology. Physical examination, neurologic evaluation, and otorhinolaryngologic examination were essentially within normal limits except for the hearing loss on the right ear. An audiogram revealed a severe primarily sensorineural sensitivity loss on the right. Routine laboratory studies were within normal limits. Two patients denied previous barotrauma, atypical or unusual drug usage, and unusual physical exertion or strain. We observed evidence of cochlear abnormality. The presence of cochlear dysfunction is supported by acoustic reflex threshold and auditory brain-stem response. These findings strengthened the probability of an acoustic trauma origin for the sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
Barotrauma ; Deafness ; Dizziness ; Ear ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Noise* ; Otolaryngology ; Physical Examination ; Physical Exertion ; Reflex, Acoustic ; Tinnitus

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relation between different types of exposure to noise and a classic sign of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL); the audiometric notch. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out in electronics sound inspectors exposed to continuous and impulsive type noises. The noise levels in the working environments, and the audiometric hearing threshold levels were measured. RESULTS: Electronics sound inspectors were exposed to impulsive noise ranging from 74.1 to 88.9 dBA. The hearing loss induced by impulsive noise was greater and was characterized by maximum loss at 6 kHz audiometric frequency, as opposed to the notch at 4 kHz that is typical of continuous noise. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the probable effect of impulsive noise on hearing should be considered even when the exposure is within the 85 dB equivalent A-weighted level. To diagnose NIHL it is important to elicit a detailed and accurate history of exposure to noise. Although the notch at 4 kHz is a well established clinical sign and may be valuable in confirming the diagnosis, the 6 kHz notch is variable and of limited importance.
Diagnosis ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced ; Hearing* ; Noise*

For developing the Group Health care system, health managers' job structure were analysed in the aspects of content, amount, and process. As a trial research, data were collected by a standardized job analysis table to 6 doctors, 40 nurses, and 11 industrial hygienists of Group Health Care System. Health care managers were performing complex and intellectual jobs such as health education for workers, managing health care, conference as well as more simple jobs like as filling diary. Especially, job was consisted of general job and health care management job in the proportion of 1:2.18. The major general job were data management related with the health statistics, and major health care management jobs were managing health care, health counselling, environmental management of working sites. Each specific jobs were required differentiated intellectual capacity, creativity, autonomy, psychic stress, and physical work; most respondents perceived that health care management jobs should require more inputs than general jobs Additionally job satisfaction and perceived need on specific job items were analysed. Results of this research, suggested through the field experiences in working sites, should be considered for improving the Group Health Care System.
Creativity ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Delivery of Health Care* ; Health Education ; Job Satisfaction

OBJECTIVES: Tinnitus is a relatively common complaint of workers who are exposed to noise. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of tinnitus as well as the factors related to the prevalence of tinnitus. METHODS: A cross-sectional audiologic survey was combined with a questionnaire on tinnitus in a stratified random sample of 246 shipyard workers who had long-term exposure to noise. RESULTS: Forty seven had tinnitus, giving a prevalence of 19.1 percent. The tinnitus was the here and now in 44.7 percent of cases, bilateral in 51.1 percent, and caused sleep disturbances in 12.8 percent. The prevalence of tinnitus was highest in shipfitters and those with longer exposure duration.The workers with tunnitus had consistently higher hearing thresholds at both high and low frequencies than those with no tinnitus.The workers with tinnitus had a significantly higher prevalence of hearing disorders such as conductive hearing loss, a C5-dip, and NIHL.Multivariative logistic regression indicated that past history of ear disease, working and military service exposure to noise were independently associated with tinnitus. The adjusted odds ratio estimates for tinnitus were 3.0 times greater (95%CI 1.4-6.4) for the group with a past history of ear diseases,2.3 times greater (95%CI 1.0-5.0) for the military noise exposed group,and 4.5 times greater (95%CI 1.8-11.1) for the working noise exposed group. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide evidence that reports of tinnitus at the time of the annual audiometric testing may be useful in identifying workers at greater risk of developing significant shifts in their hearing thresholds. An awareness of the possible occurrence of tinnitus may encourage workers to cooperate more actively in a company's hearing conservation program.
Ear ; Ear Diseases ; Hearing ; Hearing Disorders ; Hearing Loss, Conductive ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Military Personnel ; Noise* ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Tinnitus*

Injury to the ear in welders is a recognized but poorly documented entity. The risk for ear injury from molten metal or hot sparks produced during welding procedures is low, but the effects can be significant. Burns, tympanic membrane perforations and chonic otorrhoea are the most common results. One case recently experienced at our institution highlight the risk that exists for middle ear injury. The traumatic thermal injury was caused by a metal spark perforating the tympanic membrane during welding. Neither subject was using ear protection at the time. The use of ear protection is strongly advocated during welding operations that place the ear at risk.
Burns ; Ear ; Ear, Middle ; Tympanic Membrane Perforation* ; Tympanic Membrane* ; Welding