Purpose: We present a case of spontaneous toric intraocular lens (IOL) rotation in the late postoperative period (after 10 months).Case summary: A 44-year-old male underwent phacoemulsification and placement of an IOL (AcrySof IQ Toric, Alcon Laboratories Inc., Fort Worth, FL, USA) in the right eye. The preoperative best corrected visual acuities (BCVAs) were 0.2 in the right eye and 0.3 in the left eye, and the corneal astigmatisms -2.25 × 175° and -2.25 × 178°. Ten months later, the astigmatic IOL axis was 85° (the initial [correct] value). The BCVA after surgery was 1.0. At 11 months postoperatively, the patient presented with a sudden decrease in visual acuity in the right eye. The IOL had rotated 50° clockwise; we decided to reposition it. A capsular tension ring had been placed during surgery. The IOL was re-aligned but rotated again 1 week later. We replaced the IOL with a monofocal non-toric IOL (enVista MX60, Bausch & Lomb, Rochester, NY, USA). Conclusions Severe toric IOL rotation is a late postoperative complication.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the effects of different oxygen conditions (20% [high O₂], 5% [low O₂] and 5% decreased to 2% [dynamic O₂]) on mouse pre- and peri-implantation development using a novel double-channel gas supply (DCGS) incubator (CNC Biotech Inc.) to alter the oxygen concentration during in vitro culture.METHODS: The high-O₂ and low-O₂ groups were cultured from the one-cell to the blastocyst stage under 20% and 5% oxygen concentrations, respectively. In the dynamic-O₂ group, mouse embryos were cultured from the one-cell to the morula stage under 5% O₂ for 3 days, followed by culture under 2% O₂ to the blastocyst stage. To evaluate peri-implantation development, the blastocysts from the three groups were individually transferred to a fibronectin-coated dish and cultured to the outgrowth stage in droplets.RESULTS: The blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher in the low-O₂ and dynamic-O₂ groups than in the high-O₂ group. The total cell number was significantly higher in the dynamic-O₂ group than in the low-O₂ and high-O₂ groups. Additionally, the apoptotic index was significantly lower in the low-O₂ and dynamic-O₂ groups than in the high-O₂ group. The trophoblast outgrowth rate and spread area were significantly higher in the low-O₂ and dynamic-O₂ groups than in the high-O₂ group.CONCLUSION: Our results showed that a dynamic oxygen concentration (decreasing from 5% to 2%) had beneficial effects on mouse pre- and peri-implantation development. Optimized, dynamic changing of oxygen concentrations using the novel DCGS incubator could improve the developmental competence of in vitro cultured embryos in a human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Blastocyst ; Cell Count ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Incubators ; Mental Competency ; Mice ; Morula ; Oxygen ; Trophoblasts

Purpose: To study the short-term intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect and optic nerve head (ONH) blood flow improvement after switching from latanoprost 0.005% w/v to latanoprostene bunod 0.024% w/v. Methods: This prospective study ran from May 2022 to December 2022 and included 40 patients with open-angle glaucoma who switched from latanoprost 0.005% w/v to latanoprostene bunod 0.024% w/v. The IOP, ONH blood flow, and conjunctival hyperemia, corneal erosion, and eyelid pigmentation status were measured 3 months after switching. We recorded all possible side effects. Results: The baseline IOP significantly dropped from 17.53 ± 6.49 to 16.00 ± 8.06 mmHg at 3 months (p = 0.032). The best-corrected visual acuity did not significantly change (0.24 ± 0.19 to 0.23 ± 0.16); neither did eyelid pigmentation (1.16 ± 0.78 to 1.16 ± 0.82) nor the corneal erosion score (0.58 ± 0.85 to 0.39 ± 0.76). Conjunctival hyperemia significantly decreased from 2.00 ± 0.69 to 1.67 ± 0.63 (p = 0.010). Neither the whole-image vessel density nor the peripapillary vessel density significantly changed. However, pruritus became significantly worse after the change (p = 0.008). Conclusions In the short term, latanoprostene bunod 0.024% w/v lowered the IOP more effectively than did latanoprost 0.005% w/v. However, there was no significant change in ONH blood flow after the switch.

PURPOSE: To identify the factors associated with differential diagnosis of neonatal bacterial meningitis at the earliest opportunities possible and to evaluate the value of the bacterial meningitis score especially in neonates. METHODS: We conducted a single-center, retrospective study of neonates diagnosed meningitis at our hospital between January 2000 and March 2014. We compared the general characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, bacterial meningitis scores between the bacterial group and the aseptic group. RESULTS: Bacterial meningitis differs significantly from aseptic meningitis in platelet count, the cerebrospinal fluid polymorphonuclear leukocyte count, and the serum protein including also the albumin (P<0.05). Except two infants, the bacterial meningitis score over 2 accurately predict bacterial meningitis in the other 11 infants. CONCLUSION: The bacterial meningitis score appears highly useful to identify neonatal infants with bacterial meningitis. However, its diagnostic and prognostic value is just ‘adjunctive’, because low score cannot rule out bacterial meningitis.
Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Meningitis* ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Meningitis, Bacterial* ; Neutrophils ; Platelet Count ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean is gradually increasing. Metabolic syndrome shows different patterns depending on gender and socioeconomic status. We investigated the differences in incidence of metabolic syndrome according to gender and socioeconomic status using a community cohort of middle-aged Korean. METHODS: The study included 5,544 subjects (2,733 men and 2,811 women) aged 40-69 years without metabolic syndrome, diabetes, or history of cardiovascular disease at baseline. The incidence of metabolic syndrome was estimated according to gender and socioeconomic status, and the association between socioeconomic status and incidence of metabolic syndrome was examined using Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis. RESULTS: The incidence density of metabolic syndrome was 53/1,000 person-years in men and 52/1,000 person-years in women during the mean follow-up period of 6.01 years. After adjusting for common risk factors, the hazard ratios (HRs) for metabolic syndrome for those with high, middle, and elementary school education levels compared to the college graduate or higher group (referent) were 1.07 (95% CI, 0.76-1.51), 1.73 (95% CI, 1.23-2.44), and 1.74 (95% CI, 1.23-2.46) in women, respectively, and compared to the more than 400 (10,000 won) group (referent), the HRs for metabolic syndrome according to income level were 1.56 (95% CI, 1.06-2.29), 1.86 (95% CI, 1.28-2.71), and 2.74 (95% CI, 1.87-4.00) in women, respectively. However, the association between socioeconomic status and incidence of metabolic syndrome was not significant in men. CONCLUSION: The association between incident metabolic syndrome and socioeconomic status was significant in middle-aged Korean women.
Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cohort Studies ; Education ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Social Class

Sezary syndrome (SS), one of the cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs), is an erythrodermic variant of mycosis fungoides (MF). SS is characterized by a pruritic exfoliation or infiltrated erythroderma accompanied by circulating tumor cells with convoluted nuclei in the peripheral blood. The malignant cells in the SS usually have a mature CD4+ T-helper cell phenotype. The reported cases of SS are rare in Korea. We report a case of SS who had intractable erythroderma for 2 years and who subsequently developed generalized lymphadenopathy. The laboratory data revealed a white blood cell count of 61x109/L with 78% of lymphocytes, the majority having a convoluted or cerebriform nucleus. The skin biopsy showed Pautrier's microabscesses with dermal infiltrate of mononuclear cells containing convoluted nuclei. The lymph node biopsy demonstrated paracortical infiltration by convoluted lymphocytes. Consistent with his diagnosis, 92% of peripheral mononuclear cells expressed CD4+.
Biopsy ; Dermatitis, Exfoliative ; Diagnosis ; Korea ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ; Mycosis Fungoides ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Phenotype ; Sezary Syndrome* ; Skin

OBJECTIVE: To establish the objective method of diagnosing the myofascial pain syndrome through diagnostic ultrasound and pathology. METHOD: Hamstring muscles of 7 female house rabbits, weighing 2.5~3.0 Kg, were studied. The existence of nodule was confirmed by palpation and through diagnostic ultrasound. A horizontal length, vertical length, thickness, and an area of hyperechoic region were measured. Hyperechoic regions were biopsied and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. RESULTS: All examined rabbits had muscular nodules in the medial hamstring. Characteristic increase of echogenecity was observed in the medial hamstring muscles. Some uneven hyperechoic areas were seen in the lateral hamstring muscles. Fatty degeneration and giant round cells were observed in the medial hamstring where the echogenecity was increased. The giant round cells were observed only in the lateral hamstring. CONCLUSION: Increased echogenecity of the medial hamstring muscle is probably contributed by muscles cells with fatty degeneration and giant round cells, and some portions of hyperechogenecity of lateral hamstring requires further study.
Female ; Humans ; Muscles ; Myofascial Pain Syndromes* ; Palpation ; Pathology ; Rabbits ; Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: The Wilms' tumor gene (WT1) is located on chromosome 11p13. Several authors have shown that the expression of WT1 gene is associated with prognosis of acute leukemia. It was the aim of this study to investigate the relationship between WT1 positivity and the response to treatment in terms of rate of complete remissions (CR), and survival and to evaluate the prognostic value of WT1 expression in patients with acute leukemia. METHODS: We examined the presence of WT1 specific mRNA in bone marrow samples of 71 patients with acute leukemia at diagnosis (AML 39, ALL 32) by nested RT-PCR. The integrity and the amount of RNA were analyzed by amplification of the -actin gene as an internal control. The relative ratio of WT1 gene expression/ -actin was calculated and classified as not amplified (0), weakly amplified (1+), moderately amplified (2+), or strongly amplified (3+). RESULTS: Thirty-four (47.9%) of the patients with acute leukemia at diagnosis were WT1 PCR positive. Among the WT1 positive patients, 10 patients (14.1%) showed 1+, 20 patients (28.2%) 2+, and 4 patients (5.6%) 3+. The patients with WT1 mRNA expression were younger than those without it in AML. There was a tendency of a higher CR rates in WT1 negative patients than in WT1 positive ones (AML 61.9% vs. 50%, ALL 75.0% vs. 68.8%). The probability of 5 year survival was 62.2% for WT1 negative group and 44.1% for WT1 positive group in all patients. The median survival days accord-ing to levels of WT1 expression was 709 days for negative group, 310 days for 1+ or 2+ groups and 294 days for 3+ group. CONCLUSIONS: The present data suggest a clinical relevance of WT1 expression for the achieve-ment of CR and long term survival in acute leukemia. Analysis of WT1 expression with bone mar-row aspirates at the diagnosis of acute leukemia may be useful to predict prognosis.
Bone Marrow ; Diagnosis ; Gene Expression* ; Humans ; Leukemia* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prognosis ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Wilms Tumor

20 Subjects with clinical diagnosis of adult periodontitis with sites having average pocket depth of 4mm were selected for the study. After scaling and root planing of those sites, 30% minocycline-HCl contained in biodegradable device were inserted in one group, scaling and root planing was carried out in another group and the last group was without any periodontal treatment. the difference between the groups was determined by pocket depth, bleeding on probing, attachment level, distribution of subgingival plaque bacteria. Conclusion was made for the comparisons between baseline and 4 weeks and the groups. 1. In analysis of pocket depth, there was significant difference in scaling and root planing group only. 2. Both the scaling and root planing group and minocycline group showed significant decrease in bleeding on probing. 3. There was significant increase in the attachment level in scaling and root planing group ,but no difference was foundbetween the groups. 4. There was significant decrease in the total number of subgingival bacteria in all groups and the number of motile bacteria decreased significantly in the minocycline group. These results indicate that insertion of Minocycline-HCl at the base of periodontal pocket was useful as an additional aid of mechanical treatment at the point of periodontal pocket, bleeding on probing, attachment level, microbial distribution.
Adult* ; Bacteria ; Chronic Periodontitis* ; Diagnosis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Minocycline* ; Periodontal Pocket ; Root Planing

There are various treatment methods including barrier membranes in attaining periodontal regeneration and regaining the function of destructed periodontal tissues due to periodontal disease.Barrier membranes consist of non-Resorbable and resorbable types such as Dura mater and Guidor(R) used in the treatment of intrabony defects and classII furcation defects have been shown to be effectively increased the amount of new bone and cementum.In our study we used premolars with class III furcation defects created by removing the bone 4mm apically from CEJ in adult dogs and placed resorbable membrane Dura mater and Guidor(R) for the test group and flap operation was carried out for the control groups. The effect of membrane on junctional epithelium, alveloar bone, cementum, and gingival connective tisssue in the regeneration and healing potential of periodontal tissues was evaluated and healing results were evaluated histologically and histometrically 8 weeks following the surgical procedure. 1. In the clinical observation, there was no exposure of furcation defects in the control group, whereas slight membrane exposure was noted in the test group. 2. New bone was formed up to the level of the notch in the control group, whereas in the test group new bone formation was observed above the level of the notch. 3. New cementum was formed in both groups of the experiment. 4. The connective tissue observed between the new cementum and new bone in the test group were functionally orientated, compared to the irregular formation of connective tissues found in the control group. 5. Root resorption or ankylosis was not observed in any of the groups 6. The mean and median of the control group were 4.31% and 2.23% and for the Dura mater group were 27.85% and 15.57% respectively. There was no significant difference between Dura mater and the control group. 7. The mean and median of the control group were 4.31% and 2.23% and for the Guidor(R) group were 37.27% and 37.19% respectively. There was a significant difference in these two groups(P<0.05). 8. The mean and median of the Dura mater group were 27.85% and 15.57% and for the Guidor(R) were 37.27% and 37.19%. There was no significant difference between the two test groups. Thus, by using Dura mater and Guidor in classIII furcation defects, the predictable amount of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone regeneration may result.
Adult ; Animals ; Ankylosis ; Bicuspid ; Bone Regeneration ; Connective Tissue ; Dental Cementum ; Dogs* ; Dura Mater* ; Epithelial Attachment ; Furcation Defects* ; Humans ; Membranes ; Osteogenesis ; Periodontal Ligament ; Regeneration ; Root Resorption ; Tooth Cervix