No abstract available.
Cheek* ; Microcirculation* ; Skin* ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVE: To obtain the mean value of physical parameters of those over 65- years of age. METHODS: Physical parameters including body weight, height, chest circumference, length of upper limb and lower limb, hand power, and range of motion of cervical, thoracic, lumbosacral spines and other major joints were measured in two hundred fourteen elderly subjects. RESULTS: Subjects were divided into three groups according to age (group 1, 65~74 years; group 2, 75~84 years; group 3, above 85 years) and sex (male; female). Descriptive statistical analysis of data provided the following results. 1) Mean measurement in order of group 1-men, group 2-men, group 3-men followed by women of each group: Body weight (kg) - 60.2, 59.6, 54.9, 56.8, 51.6, 47.2; Standing height (cm) - 156.7, 160.8, 156.6, 151.2, 146.9, 142.2; Sitting height (cm) - 99.8, 100.8, 103.1, 100.9, 104.9, 97.0; Chest circumference (cm) - 91.5, 93.5, 91.4, 92.1, 89.5, 86.4; Upper limb length (cm) - 72.3, 72.5, 71.3, 67.1, 66.9, 65.4; Lower limb length (cm) - 82.3, 82.1, 81.4, 77.3, 76.1, 74.6. 2) The hand power of grasping, tip pinch, lateral pinch, palmar pinch showed a decreasing trend in older age group in both sexes. 3) The range of motion of cervical, thoracic, and lumbosacral spine in group 1 had limitation of about 50% compared to normal range. 4) Of the major joints, limitation of motion or deformity was most common in the shoulder and knee joints. CONCLUSION: These data and knowledge of physical parameters of the elderly can aid in design of living environment and assistive devices for elderly.
Aged* ; Body Weight ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Hand ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Lower Extremity ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Reference Values ; Self-Help Devices ; Shoulder ; Spine ; Thorax ; Upper Extremity

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Child* ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans

BACKGROUND: EMLA cream is a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine and has excellent anesthetic effect on tympanic membrane but histologic influence on tympanic membrane is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate its histologic effects on tympanic membrane. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 18 Sprague-Dawly rats were divided into 6 groups. Each group was treated with application of EMLA cream into external ear canal and then were sacrificed at 4 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days after application of the agents. RESULTS: 1) Transmission electron microscopy revealed partial loss of epithelial cell at 4 hours after application of the agents. 2) The specimen showed damaged cells in the epidermal layer and partial loss of basement membrane at 24 hours after application of the agents. 3) At 1 week after application of the agents epidermal layer and inner epithelium with connective tissue predominated. Thus the fibrous layer represent only 1/3 of total drum thickness. In the basal layers widened intercellular spaces were noted. 4) At 2 weeks after application of the agents newly formed connective tissue was found at fibrous layer and numerous fibroblasts were noted at inner epithelial layer. but overall histologic changes of the drum were not significant and healing processes was noted. CONCLUSION: EMLA cream has less histopathologic effects on tympanic membrane, and early recovery process occurred.
Anesthetics ; Animals ; Basement Membrane ; Connective Tissue ; Ear Canal ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Extracellular Space ; Fibroblasts ; Lidocaine ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Prilocaine ; Rats* ; Tympanic Membrane*

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a difference in nerve conduction studies depend on the body mass index (BMI) of subjects METHOD: Twenty normal healthy volunteers were enrolled for the study. A routine usual sensory and motor nerve conduction study and a sensory nerve conduction study using the near nerve needle technique were performed. BMI was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height (m) squared. In order to evaluate the effect of BMI on the various measure ments of the nerve conduction study, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. RESULTS: The sensory nerve amplitudes of median, ulnar and sural nerves correlated significantly (p<0.05) with BMI. However, no correlation was noted between BMI and sensory nerve amplitude by near nerve needle technique. There was no statistical differences noted in the measurements of latency of examined motor and sensory nerves neither the velocity of examined motor nerves. CONCLUSION: In clinical practice, the effect of BMI should be taken into account when the interpretation of abnormal sensory nerve study has to be soli.
Body Mass Index* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Needles ; Neural Conduction* ; Obesity ; Sural Nerve ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Artery*

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, a rare human pathogen, was repeatedly isolated from the blood of a 20-year-old male patient with patent ductus arteriosus who developed subacute bacterial endocarditis. Difficulties in isolating and identifying the organism are discussed. The bacterial isolate was found to be susceptible to various antimicrobial agents.
Actinobacillus/isolation & purification* ; Adult ; Blood/microbiology* ; Case Report ; Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial/microbiology* ; Human ; Male ; Septicemia/microbiology

No abstract available.
Granuloma* ; Intubation*