The mumps virus is a single-stranded, non-segmented, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family. Mumps is characterized by bilateral or unilateral swelling of the parotid gland. Aseptic meningitis is a common complication, and orchitis is also common in adolescents and adult men. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings, but because of high vaccination coverage, clinical findings alone are not sufficient for diagnosis, and laboratory confirmation is needed. Mumps is preventable by vaccination, but despite high vaccination coverage, epidemics occur in several countries, including Korea. Many hypotheses are suggested for these phenomena. In this review, we investigate the reason for the epidemics, optimal methods of diagnosis, and surveillance of immunization status for the prevention of future epidemics.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; Immunization ; Korea ; Male ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Mumps ; Mumps virus ; Orchitis ; Paramyxoviridae ; Parotid Gland ; RNA Viruses ; Vaccination

PURPOSE: We investigated the change of antibody titer to measles, mumps and rubella according to age after vaccination. METHODS: The IgG antibody titers to measles, mumps and rubella were tested on the residual serum from patients aged 7-20 years old after routine laboratory testing in the hospital with informed consent from the parents. RESULTS: Antibody to measles was present in 275 cases out of 408 cases with a positive rate of 67.4%, the mean IgG titer was 2.77+/-1.18 Index. Antibody to mumps was present in 112 cases out of 408 cases with a positive rate of 27.5%, the mean IgG titer was 2.08+/-1.29 Index. Antibody to rubella was present in 367 cases out of 408 cases with a positive rate of 90.0%, the mean IgG titer was 60.46+/-63.47 IU/mL. CONCLUSION: It is important to maintain a high rate of vaccination coverage in order to prevent an outbreak of measles, mumps, or rubella. It is also important to stress the maintenance of vaccination records for further reference.
Aged ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Informed Consent ; Measles ; Mumps ; Rubella ; Vaccination

No abstract available.
Gastrectomy* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: The Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS) is a triage tool for patients in the emergency department (ED). We aimed to investigate the association between the KTAS level and hospitalization of children with abdominal pain, a common chief complaint in the ED. METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed medical records of children aged 3 to 14 years who visited the ED with abdominal pain as a chief complaint. KTAS level (1–3 vs. 4–5), age, gender, presence of associated symptoms (vomiting, diarrhea, hematochezia, and fever), and disposition (rapid discharge, discharge after intravenous hydration, and hospitalization) were collected and compared between the children with KTAS 1–3 and 4–5. RESULTS: Of 1,050 children enrolled, 618 (58.9%) were classified as KTAS 1–3, and 36 (3.4%) were hospitalized. Vomiting was the most common associated symptom in both groups (63.6%), and 41.5% underwent discharge after intravenous hydration. The children with KTAS 1–3 were more frequently hospitalized (5.0% vs. 1.2%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The KTAS may be reliable to predict the hospitalization of children with abdominal pain in the ED with additional consideration of the associated symptoms.
Abdominal Pain* ; Child* ; Critical Illness ; Diarrhea ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Hospitalization* ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Triage* ; Vomiting

Apert syndrome is an uncommon congenital disorder characterized by malformation of the skull, most often acrocephaly or oxycephaly, in association with symmetrical syndactyly of both hands and feet. It is due to a disturbance in the growth of bone and soft tissue, affecting principally the head, hands, and feet. Recently we experienced a typical Apert syndrome expressed only in one neonate of dizygotic twin.
Acrocephalosyndactylia* ; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Craniosynostoses ; Foot ; Hand ; Head ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Skull ; Syndactyly ; Twins, Dizygotic*

Primary carcinomas of the fallopian tube are very rare and account for approximately 0.1~1.1% of all gynecological malignancies. This case of primary fallopian tube adenocaricinoma was confirmed postoperatively on the basis of the pathologic examination of resected specimen. We have experienced this case and so report with the breif review of the literature.
Fallopian Tubes* ; Female

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Blastoma*

No abstract available.
Leukemia*

PURPOSE: To find the risk factors associated with coronory artery lesions, non-responsiveness to intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) treatment, and recurrences in Kawasaki disease patients. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 1,000 Kawasaki disease patients who were admitted to Yonsei University Medical Center from September 1990 to December 2003. We compared between responder and non-responder groups to IVIG treatment as well as between relapsed and non-relapsed groups, and as to the relapsed group, we also compared variables between patients in their first and second attack states. Finally, factors associated with longer-fever duration from disease onset were evaluated. RESULTS: Longer fever durations before and after IVIG treatment, male sex, lower Hgb and Hct level, higher WBC count and segmented WBC proportion, and higher CRP and Harada's score were related with coronary artery lesions. Non-responsiveness was related to higher WBC count, segmented WBC proportion, CRP, SGPT, Harada's score, and pyuria. Moderate-to-severe coronary artery dilatations and recurrences were more commonly seen among the non-responder group. No significant predictive factors for recurrence were found. In the relapsed group, lower WBC count, CRP, and shorter fever duration from disease onset were observed in their second attack state. Fever duration from disease onset showed positive correlation with WBC count, CRP, and Harada's score and negative correlation with Hgb levels. CONCLUSION: Higher WBC count, CRP, and higher Harada's score were related to both higher incidences of coronary artery lesions and non-responsiveness to IVIG treatment, and these factors were also related with longer fever duration. Non-responders to IVIG treatment showed higher recurrence rate and more moderate-to-severe coronary artery dilatations than responders.
Academic Medical Centers ; Alanine Transaminase ; Arteries ; Coronary Vessels ; Dilatation ; Fever ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Incidence ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Pyuria ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Failure ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: Antivenin is a standard therapy in snakebite victims. While the required antivenin dose can be easily estimated, based on the initial symptoms, this strategy may be unsuccessful if the initial symptoms progressively worsen. The purpose of this study was to identify the progression rate of the initial symptoms following snakebite and its associated factors. METHODS: The medical records of 44 patients treated for snakebite from give the actual dates of the study period were retrospectively examined. Thirty-two of these patients were enrolled. Demographic data, local wound grade and local effect score at initial presentation (G-0 and LES-0, respectively) and 12 hours after admission (G-12 and LES-12, respectively) were reviewed, along with laboratory data. RESULTS: The 32 patients had an average age of 54.0+/-14.5 years and were predominantly male (n=26) and presented mainly during summer. Compared to G-0 and LES-0, re-evaluated G-12 and LES-12 were significantly increased despite initial administration of proper antivenin dosage (p=0.001 and p=0.000, respectively). Total amounts of antivenin correlated with LES-12 (correlation co-efficiency 0.558, p<0.05). However, factors associated with symptom progression were not revealed. CONCLUSION: Initial snakebite symptoms might progressively worsen within hours despite acceptable initial antivenin therapy. Therefore, re-evaluation within several hours must be considered if when the initial snakebite symptoms are minimal or mild.
Antivenins ; Chronology as Topic ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Snake Bites