1.Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and Impaired Glucose Tolerance among Children and Adolescents with Obesity.
Duk Hee KIM ; In Kyong CHOI ; Ho Sung KIM
Journal of Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology 2003;8(2):139-148
Pupose:Recently childhood obesity is increasing and has been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) among children and adolescents. We evaluated insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) in 48 obese children and adolescents. METHODS:All subjects underwent a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test(1.75 g of glucose per kg of body weight) and then glucose and insulin levels were measured. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostatic model assessment, and betacell function was estimated by calculating the ratio between the changes in the insulin level and glucose level during the first 30 minutes after the ingestion of glucose. RESULTS:IGT was detected in 4.2% of the 24 obese children(4-10 years of age) and 20.8% of the 24 obese adolescents(11 to 18 years of age). Type 2 DM was identified in 8.3% in children and 29.2% in adolescent obesity. Insulin levels were markedly elevated after the glucose tolerance test in subjects with IGT but a little decreased in cases with DM. Those changes of insulin levels were not significant statistically. The insulinogenic index was decreased in IGT and DM group of childhood and adolescent obesity compared to normal glucose tolerance(NGT) but it was not significant statistically. Insulin resistance, which was evaluated with fasting insulin, QUICKI and HOMA-IR, was increased in childhood obesity compared with adolescent obesity and the HOMA-IR of adolescent IGT group was significantly higher compared with NGT group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: IGT is highly prevalent among children and adolescents with obesity. IGT was associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, while beta-cell function was still relatively preserved. Overt type 2 diabetes was linked to insulin resistance and to beta cell failure.
Adolescent*
;
Child*
;
Eating
;
Fasting
;
Glucose Tolerance Test
;
Glucose*
;
Humans
;
Hyperinsulinism
;
Insulin Resistance*
;
Insulin*
;
Obesity*
;
Pediatric Obesity
;
Prevalence*
2.Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and Impaired Glucose Tolerance among Children and Adolescents with Obesity.
Duk Hee KIM ; In Kyong CHOI ; Ho Sung KIM
Journal of Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology 2003;8(2):139-148
Pupose:Recently childhood obesity is increasing and has been accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM) among children and adolescents. We evaluated insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) in 48 obese children and adolescents. METHODS:All subjects underwent a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test(1.75 g of glucose per kg of body weight) and then glucose and insulin levels were measured. Insulin resistance was estimated by homeostatic model assessment, and betacell function was estimated by calculating the ratio between the changes in the insulin level and glucose level during the first 30 minutes after the ingestion of glucose. RESULTS:IGT was detected in 4.2% of the 24 obese children(4-10 years of age) and 20.8% of the 24 obese adolescents(11 to 18 years of age). Type 2 DM was identified in 8.3% in children and 29.2% in adolescent obesity. Insulin levels were markedly elevated after the glucose tolerance test in subjects with IGT but a little decreased in cases with DM. Those changes of insulin levels were not significant statistically. The insulinogenic index was decreased in IGT and DM group of childhood and adolescent obesity compared to normal glucose tolerance(NGT) but it was not significant statistically. Insulin resistance, which was evaluated with fasting insulin, QUICKI and HOMA-IR, was increased in childhood obesity compared with adolescent obesity and the HOMA-IR of adolescent IGT group was significantly higher compared with NGT group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: IGT is highly prevalent among children and adolescents with obesity. IGT was associated with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, while beta-cell function was still relatively preserved. Overt type 2 diabetes was linked to insulin resistance and to beta cell failure.
Adolescent*
;
Child*
;
Eating
;
Fasting
;
Glucose Tolerance Test
;
Glucose*
;
Humans
;
Hyperinsulinism
;
Insulin Resistance*
;
Insulin*
;
Obesity*
;
Pediatric Obesity
;
Prevalence*
3.Histological Grade of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma.
Kyong Ho KIM ; Soon Hee JUNG ; Chan Il PARK
Korean Journal of Pathology 1990;24(3):236-242
The authors attempted to choose what has the best reproducibility and predictability for prognosis of the prostatic adenocarcinoma among four most widely used gradings methods; the Gleason's Mostofi's, Bocking and MD Anderson hospital systems. According to these gradings systems, each of two pathologists made histologic gradings of 40 consecutive prostatic adenocarcinomas which had been diagnosed with the surgically resected specimens. Correlation between the histological grades and the clinical stages was studied and a comparison was made among each system. For the comparison, the Gleason's and MDAH systems were revised as 3 grades and adjusted to the other gradings systems. In this study, MDAH grading system yielded the highest reproducibility as represented by 90% agreement, as compared with the other systems which showed 82.5~87.5% agreement. By the Gleason's, Mostofi's and Bocking's systems, 46.2%, 23.1% and 46.2% of grade 3 tumors respectively fell under the clinical stage A. On the contrary, there were no cases of grade 3 in stage A and no cases of grade 1 in stage D, by MDAH gradings system. These results suggest that MDAH gradings system is superior to the other systems in reproducibility and for predicting the biological behavior.
Adenocarcinoma
4.A case of presacral teratoma.
Byeong Jun CHEONG ; Dong Ho KIM ; Min HUR ; Mi Kyong KIM
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1991;34(4):598-602
No abstract available.
Teratoma*
5.Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of varicella-zoster virus isolated in Korea.
Kyu Kye HWANG ; Song Yong PARK ; Sung Jin KIM ; Yeon Woo RYU ; Kyong Ho KIM
Journal of the Korean Society of Virology 1991;21(2):201-210
No abstract available.
Herpesvirus 3, Human*
;
Korea*
;
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*
6.Urinalysis and Analysis and Imaging Studies in Children with Urinary Tract Infecion.
Kyong Li KIM ; Li Kyung KIM ; Ho SEONG ; Chang Hee CHOI
Journal of the Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology 1999;3(2):117-122
The columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma is a rare tumor of the thyroid, associated with aggressive behavior, early metastasis, and a rapidly fatal course. We present the fine needle aspiration cytologic(FNAC) findings of columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma with cytohistologic correlation. In the smears, the tumor fragments showed mainly papillary pattern and a few scattered individual cells were present around the papillary fragments. The tumor cells were columnar or cuboidal and exhibited pseudostratification of the nuclei. The nuclei were oval to elongated with finely stippled chromatin and inconspicous nucleoli. Neither nuclear grooves nor intracytoplasmic inclusion was found. The FNAC diagnosis was consistent with papillary carcinoma. Total thyroidectomy was done and the histologic finding of the mass showed a predominantly papillary and focal solid proliferation of columar cells with marked nuclear pseudostratification. The unique histopathologic features and highly aggressive nature of columnar cell variant of papillary carcinoma require that this variant should be differeniated from common papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle
;
Carcinoma, Papillary
;
Child*
;
Chromatin
;
Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Thyroid Gland
;
Thyroidectomy
;
Urinalysis*
;
Urinary Tract*
7.The Role of Nitric Oxide in Seizures Induced by Pentylenetetrazole.
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 2000;43(10):1356-1363
PURPOSE: Nitric oxide(NO) is a highly reactive messenger molecule that is synthesized by nitric oxide synthase(NOS) in a number of tissues including the brain. Our aim was to examine the possible role of NO on pentylenetetrazole(PTZ)-induced seizure in rats as a proconvulsant or an anticonvulsant. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-300g were used. PTZ(40mg/kg) was used to induce seizure. In order to examine the role of NO in seizures, the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) was blocked by a specific inhibitor, 50mg/kg 7-nitroindazole(7-NI), and a non-specific inhibitor, 50mg/kg L-nitroarginine(L-NA). Both 7-NI and L-NA were administered 30 min before the administration of PTZ. We evaluated the onset time of the first myoclonic jerk and the nature of seizures, such as the types and severity of the seizures in each group. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to examine the expression of nNOS mRNA and proteins in the hippocampus of each group. RESULTS: The onset time of the first rnyoclonic jerk was markedly delayed in the 7-NI and L-NA pretreated groups in comparison to the PTZ group. In addition, 7-NI and L-NA markedly sup- pressed the severity of PTZ-induced seizure. The expression of nNOS mRNA was higher in the PTZ and 7-NI pretreated groups than in the control group. The expression of nNOS protein was more suppressed in the 7-NI and L-NA pretreated groups than in the PTZ group. CONCLUSION: The expression of nNOS protein appears to increase in PTZ-induced seizures. Both specific and non-specific NOS inhibitors produce a reduction in seizure activity and nNOS protein expression. These results suggest that nNOS may be in a close relationship with seizures, and NO may play an important role as a proconvulsant in the PTZ-induced seizure in rats.
Animals
;
Blotting, Western
;
Brain
;
Hippocampus
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Myoclonus
;
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
;
Nitric Oxide*
;
Pentylenetetrazole*
;
Rats
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
RNA, Messenger
;
Seizures*
8.The Use of Cefazolin in Urinary Tract Infection.
Korean Journal of Urology 1973;14(3):207-212
New bactericidal agent, Cefazolin was administered intramuscularly or intravenously in 1-3 divided doses of 1-3 grams daily in 30 cases of genitourinary tract infection and following results were obtained. 1) Among 12 cases of pyelonephritis, excellent effect was obtained, in 8 cases 2 cases were good and no improvement was noted in 2 cases. 2) Among 6 cases of acute cystitis. excellent in 4 cases and good in 2 cases was noted. 3) Among 4 cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy, excellent result in 1 case, good it 1 case and to improvement in Z cases was noted. 4) Among 3 cases of chronic non-gonococcal urethritis, 2 cases were good and no improvement in l case was noted. 5) Among 2 cases of gonorrhea, no improvement in l case and recurrence in 1 case was noted. 6) No improvement noted in 2 cases of chronic prostatitis and 1 case of prostatic abscess. No serious side effects were observed except slight dizziness in one case.
Abscess
;
Cefazolin*
;
Cystitis
;
Dizziness
;
Gonorrhea
;
Prostatic Hyperplasia
;
Prostatitis
;
Pyelonephritis
;
Recurrence
;
Urethritis
;
Urinary Tract Infections*
;
Urinary Tract*
9.Clinical analysis according to reconstructive type after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Seung Ho CHOI ; Sung Hoon NOH ; Jin Sik MIN ; Kyong Sik LEE ; Chun Koo KIM
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 1991;41(6):734-743
No abstract available.
Gastrectomy*
;
Stomach Neoplasms*
10.Marker test for attenuation of varicella-zoster viruses isolated in Korea.
Kyu Kye HWANG ; Bok Hwan CHUN ; Ho Sun PARK ; Song Yong PARK ; Kyong Ho KIM ; Hong Mo MOON
Journal of the Korean Society of Virology 1992;22(2):105-109
No abstract available.
Herpesvirus 3, Human*
;
Korea*