1.RNA-Seq De Novo Assembly and Differential Transcriptome Analysis of Korean Medicinal Herb Cirsium japonicum var. spinossimum
Neha Samir ROY ; Jung A KIM ; Ah Young CHOI ; Yong Wook BAN ; Nam Il PARK ; Kyong Cheul PARK ; Hee sun YANG ; Ik Young CHOI ; Soonok KIM
Genomics & Informatics 2018;16(4):e34-
Cirsium japonicum belongs to the Asteraceae or Compositae family and is a medicinal plant in Asia that has a variety of effects, including tumour inhibition, improved immunity with flavones, and antidiabetic and hepatoprotective effects. Silymarin is synthesized by 4-coumaroyl-CoA via both the flavonoid and phenylpropanoid pathways to produce the immediate precursors taxifolin and coniferyl alcohol. Then, the oxidative radicalization of taxifolin and coniferyl alcohol produces silymarin. We identified the expression of genes related to the synthesis of silymarin in C. japonicum in three different tissues, namely, flowers, leaves, and roots, through RNA sequencing. We obtained 51,133 unigenes from transcriptome sequencing by de novo assembly using Trinity v2.1.1, TransDecoder v2.0.1, and CD-HIT v4.6 software. The differentially expressed gene analysis revealed that the expression of genes related to the flavonoid pathway was higher in the flowers, whereas the phenylpropanoid pathway was more highly expressed in the roots. In this study, we established a global transcriptome dataset for C. japonicum. The data shall not only be useful to focus more deeply on the genes related to product medicinal metabolite including flavolignan but also to study the functional genomics for genetic engineering of C. japonicum.
Asia
;
Asteraceae
;
Cirsium
;
Dataset
;
Estrone
;
Flavones
;
Flowers
;
Gene Expression Profiling
;
Genetic Engineering
;
Genomics
;
Humans
;
Plants, Medicinal
;
Sequence Analysis, RNA
;
Silymarin
;
Transcriptome
2.Analysis of genome variants in dwarf soybean lines obtained in F6 derived from cross of normal parents (cultivated and wild soybean)
Neha Samir ROY ; Yong-Wook BAN ; Hana YOO ; Rahul Vasudeo RAMEKAR ; Eun Ju CHEONG ; Nam-Il PARK ; Jong Kuk NA ; Kyong-Cheul PARK ; Ik-Young CHOI
Genomics & Informatics 2021;19(2):e19-
Plant height is an important component of plant architecture and significantly affects crop breeding practices and yield. We studied DNA variations derived from F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with 96.8% homozygous genotypes. Here, we report DNA variations between the normal and dwarf members of four lines harvested from a single seed parent in an F6 RIL population derived from a cross between Glycine max var. Peking and Glycine soja IT182936. Whole genome sequencing was carried out, and the DNA variations in the whole genome were compared between the normal and dwarf samples. We found a large number of DNA variations in both the dwarf and semi-dwarf lines, with one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) per at least 3.68 kb in the dwarf lines and 1 SNP per 11.13 kb of the whole genome. This value is 2.18 times higher than the expected DNA variation in the F6 population. A total of 186 SNPs and 241 SNPs were discovered in the coding regions of the dwarf lines 1282 and 1303, respectively, and we discovered 33 homogeneous nonsynonymous SNPs that occurred at the same loci in each set of dwarf and normal soybean. Of them, five SNPs were in the same positions between lines 1282 and 1303. Our results provide important information for improving our understanding of the genetics of soybean plant height and crop breeding. These polymorphisms could be useful genetic resources for plant breeders, geneticists, and biologists for future molecular biology and breeding projects.
3.Characterization of transcription factor genes related to cold tolerance in Brassica napus
Mayur Mukut Murlidhar SHARMA ; Rahul Vasudeo RAMEKAR ; Nam-Il PARK ; Ik-Young CHOI ; Seon-Kang CHOI ; Kyong-Cheul PARK
Genomics & Informatics 2021;19(4):e45-
Brassica napus is the third most important oilseed crop in the world; however, in Korea, it is greatly affected by cold stress, limiting seed growth and production. Plants have developed specific stress responses that are generally divided into three categories: cold-stress signaling, transcriptional/post-transcriptional regulation, and stress-response mechanisms. Large numbers of functional and regulatory proteins are involved in these processes when triggered by cold stress. Here, our objective was to investigate the different genetic factors involved in the cold-stress responses of B. napus. Consequently, we treated the Korean B. napus cultivar Naehan at the 4-week stage in cold chambers under different conditions, and RNA and cDNA were obtained. An in silico analysis included 80 cold-responsive genes downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Expression levels were assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and 14 cold-triggered genes were identified under cold-stress conditions. The most significant genes encoded zinc-finger proteins (33.7%), followed by MYB transcription factors (7.5%). In the future, we will select genes appropriate for improving the cold tolerance of B. napus.
4.Analysis of genome variants in dwarf soybean lines obtained in F6 derived from cross of normal parents (cultivated and wild soybean)
Neha Samir ROY ; Yong-Wook BAN ; Hana YOO ; Rahul Vasudeo RAMEKAR ; Eun Ju CHEONG ; Nam-Il PARK ; Jong Kuk NA ; Kyong-Cheul PARK ; Ik-Young CHOI
Genomics & Informatics 2021;19(2):e19-
Plant height is an important component of plant architecture and significantly affects crop breeding practices and yield. We studied DNA variations derived from F5 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with 96.8% homozygous genotypes. Here, we report DNA variations between the normal and dwarf members of four lines harvested from a single seed parent in an F6 RIL population derived from a cross between Glycine max var. Peking and Glycine soja IT182936. Whole genome sequencing was carried out, and the DNA variations in the whole genome were compared between the normal and dwarf samples. We found a large number of DNA variations in both the dwarf and semi-dwarf lines, with one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) per at least 3.68 kb in the dwarf lines and 1 SNP per 11.13 kb of the whole genome. This value is 2.18 times higher than the expected DNA variation in the F6 population. A total of 186 SNPs and 241 SNPs were discovered in the coding regions of the dwarf lines 1282 and 1303, respectively, and we discovered 33 homogeneous nonsynonymous SNPs that occurred at the same loci in each set of dwarf and normal soybean. Of them, five SNPs were in the same positions between lines 1282 and 1303. Our results provide important information for improving our understanding of the genetics of soybean plant height and crop breeding. These polymorphisms could be useful genetic resources for plant breeders, geneticists, and biologists for future molecular biology and breeding projects.
5.Chemotherapy in Patients Older than or Equal to 75 Years with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Seung Tae KIM ; Kyong Hwa PARK ; Sang Cheul OH ; Jae Hong SEO ; Jun Suk KIM ; Yeul Hong KIM ; Sang Won SHIN
Cancer Research and Treatment 2012;44(1):37-42
PURPOSE: As the number of elderly patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) increases, the number of these patients receiving chemotherapy also increases. However, limited data exists regarding the use of chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients who are 75 years of age or older. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between May 2002 and October 2008, data for 48 advanced NSCLC patients who were 75 years of age or older who had been treated with chemotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The median age of study participants at the time of first line chemotherapy was 76 years (range, 75 to 87 years) and their median Charlson comorbidity index was 2 (range, 1 to 4). Of the total 48 patients, 43 patients (90%) were treated by platinum-based doublet as a first line chemotherapy regimen. Median progression free survival for first line chemotherapy was 5.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.93 to 6.47 months) with an overall response rate of 33.3%. After first line chemotherapy, only 14 of the 48 patients (29.2%) received second line chemotherapy. The median overall survival (OS) for these patients was 8.2 months (95% CI, 4.44 to 11.96 months). Multivariate analysis results indicated that female gender and having received second-line or more chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for increased OS for all 48 patients. Charlson Index was not a significant independent prognostic factor for survival. There were 9 treatment related deaths due to infectious causes (18.8%). CONCLUSION: Patients 75 years of age or older with advanced NSCLC may obtain clinical benefit from the administration of platinum-based doublet or single agent chemotherapy. However, oncologists must consider the aspect of safety in relation to the clinical benefits when managing this patient group.
Aged
;
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
;
Comorbidity
;
Disease-Free Survival
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Lung
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Retrospective Studies
6.Clinical Factors Related to Suspected Second Primary Lung Cancer Development in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer.
Eui Bae KIM ; Yong PARK ; Seh Jong PARK ; Dae Sik KIM ; Jee Won KIM ; Hee Yun SEO ; Hwa Jung SUNG ; In Keun CHOI ; Kyong Hwa PARK ; Sang Cheul OH ; Chul Won CHOI ; Byung Soo KIM ; Yeul Hong KIM ; Jun Suk KIM ; Sang Won SHIN ; Chul Yong KIM ; Kwang Yoon JUNG
Cancer Research and Treatment 2008;40(4):178-183
PURPOSE: The rate of second primary lung cancer development for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) has been noted. The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical features of suspected second primary lung cancer that developed in patients with primary HNC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 469 patients who were newly diagnosed with HNC at the Korea University Medical Center between January 2000 and December 2006. RESULTS: A total of 469 patients were included (389 men and 80 women). Eighteen patients (3.8%) had suspected second primary lung cancers. Statistically significant clinical variables for lung cancer development included the origin site for the primary HNC (oro-hypopharynx and larynx) (p=0.048), abnormal chest x-ray findings (p=0.027) and the histological HNC type (squamous cell carcinoma) (p=0.032). When the second primary lung cancers were combined with HNCs, the adjusted overall survival of patients with a second primary lung cancer was 16 months (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the relative risk factors for a second primary lung cancer developing in patients with HNC, advanced diagnostic tools, such as chest CT or PET CT scan, should be applied for the early detection of a second primary lung cancer.
Academic Medical Centers
;
Head
;
Head and Neck Neoplasms
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Korea
;
Lung
;
Lung Neoplasms
;
Male
;
Neoplasms, Second Primary
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Risk Factors
;
Thorax
7.Pirarubicin, UFT, Leucovorin Chemotherapy in Non-embolizable and Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization-Failed Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients; A Phase II Clinical Study.
Kyong Hwa PARK ; So Young YOON ; Sang Cheul OH ; Jae Hong SEO ; Chul Won CHOI ; Jong Eun YEON ; Byung Soo KIM ; Sang Won SHIN ; Yeul Hong KIM ; Kwan Soo BYUN ; Jun Suk KIM ; Chang Hong LEE
Cancer Research and Treatment 2002;34(4):280-283
Hepatocellular carcinomas are one of the most common malignancies in the world. However, no effective therapeutic modality has been proven to prolong the survival of patients in an inoperable stage. The purpose of this study was to determine the response rate and the toxicities of a combination of pirarubicin, UFT and leucovorin in patients with non-embolizable hepatocellular carcinomas, or who had progressed during their transcatheter arterial chemoembolization treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 23 patients with a hepatocellular carcinoma, 11 had progressed during a transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, with the other 12 being transcatheter arterial chemoembolization-naive. All the patients were treated with pirarubicin (70 mg/m2 i.v., day 1), UFT (350 mg/m2 P.O., day 1~21), and leucovorin (25 mg/m2 P.O., day 1~21). RESULTS: Twenty patients were able to be evaluated, with a partial response being achieved in four, giving an overall response rate of 20% (95% confidence interval, 7~44%). The median overall survival time was 6 months, and the median survival time of the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization-naive patients was significantly longer than that of those treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (p=0.012). The most significant dose-limiting toxicity was leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. CONCLUSION: The combination of pirarubicin, UFT and leucovorin therapies showed marginal antitumor activity and significant toxicity in patients with non-embolizable or failed transcatheter arterial chemoembolization hepatocellular carcinomas.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*
;
Drug Therapy*
;
Humans
;
Leucovorin*
;
Thrombocytopenia
8.Oral Etoposide, Ifosfamide and Cisplatin in the Treatment of Extensive Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Seok Jin KIM ; Hwa Jung SUNG ; Kyong Hwa PARK ; So Young YOON ; Sang Cheul OH ; Jae Hong SEO ; Chul Won CHOI ; Byung Soo KIM ; Sang Won SHIN ; Yeul Hong KIM ; Kwang Taek KIM ; Young Ho CHOI ; Jun Suk KIM
Cancer Research and Treatment 2002;34(6):421-425
PURPOSE: The combination of cisplatin and etoposide has been a common first line regimen for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The schedule dependence, and equal efficacy, of the oral and intravenous dosing of etoposide has led to prolonged administration of oral etoposide, which is known to produce an encouraging response in SCLC. To improve the efficacy of the cisplatin/etoposide combination, we administered oral etoposide, with added ifosfamide, which had significant single agent activity against SCLC. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the cisplatin, ifosfamide and oral etoposide (PIE) combination in patients with extensive small cell lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients with histologically confirmed extensive small cell lung cancer were enrolled into this study between January 2000 and May 2002. They were treated with, cisplatin at 20 mg/ m2/day, ifosfamide 1.5 g/m2/day, with mesna (all given intravenously on Days 1~3), and oral etoposide 50 mg/m2 on days 4~17. This cycle was repeated every 4 weeks for up to 6 cycles. We evaluated the corresponding disease responses and toxicities. RESULTS: The patients' characteristics were as follows: median age 65 years (32~75), 19 males and 6 females. The performance stati were ECOG 0 in 3 patients, ECOG 1 in 12 and ECOG 2 in 10. Sixteen patients had a partial response, 2 had a stable disease and 4 had a progressive disease. Thus, the overall objective response rate was 72.7% (95% CI: 49.6~88.4%), with a median response duration of 7 months (95% CI: 3.5~10.5 months). Myelosuppression was the major observed toxicity. Grades III and IV neutropenia were observed in 42 (46.1%) of the 91 cycles. Significant non-hematological toxicities (>or=Grade III) were uncommon, with the exception of nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSION: The response rate to the combination of cisplatin, ifosfamide and oral etoposide was similar to that of other combination chemotherapy studies in patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer. The toxicity of the regimen was considered acceptable.
Appointments and Schedules
;
Cisplatin*
;
Drug Therapy, Combination
;
Etoposide*
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Ifosfamide*
;
Male
;
Mesna
;
Nausea
;
Neutropenia
;
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma*
;
Vomiting
9.Comparison of the Activities of Platelets with Different Cryopreservation Methods.
Kyong Hwa PARK ; Byung Soo KIM ; Sook Young BAE ; Soo Young YOON ; Hye Ryoung SUL ; Jong Gwon CHOI ; Hwa Jung SUNG ; So Young YOON ; In Keun CHOI ; Sang Cheul OH ; Jae Hong SEO ; Chul Won CHOI ; Sang Won SHIN ; Yeul Hong KIM ; Jun Seok KIM
Korean Journal of Hematology 2003;38(3):169-175
BACKGROUND: The limit and the optimal method of the cryopreservation of platelets have not been determined. Moreover, the functional changes platelets after cryopreservation were not clearly defined. This study was conducted to determine the limit and optimal method for cryopreservation of platelet concentrates. METHODS: We compared the recovery, expression of membrane GpIb, GpIIb/IIIa, and aggregatory function of the platelets preserved in three different conditions. Platelet samples were collected from four healthy volunteer donors by apheresis, and placed in 22degrees C agitator for standard preservation. For cryopreservation, after treating 5% DMSO, platelets were either inserted directly in -80degrees C freezer or in liquid nitrogen after computer-controlled rate freezing. After storage for 5 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks, platelets were thawed and analyzed for the evaluation of in vitro functions. RESULTS: Platelets preserved at 22degrees C or cryopreserved with each condition displayed equivalent recovery (90%). With each cryopreservation procedures, platelets showed moderate loss of GpIb and retained more than 90% of GpIIb/IIIa in comparison with fresh platelets. At the third week, loss of GpIb in the directly frozen platelets was augmented compared with those of controlled rate frozen group. The aggregatory response to ristocetin began to decrease drastically after storage for 5 days in platelets frozen by each procedures and to less than 5% at 12 weeks of storage. However, controlled rate frozen platelets retained more aggregatory response to ristocetin and surface GpIb expression than those of directly frozen platelets at 3, 4, 12 weeks of storage. CONCLUSION: This study showed the possibility of moderate preservation of in vitro functions of frozen-thawed platelets after 12 weeks of storage compared with those of the liquid stored 5-day old platelets.
Blood Component Removal
;
Blood Platelets
;
Cryopreservation*
;
Dihydroergotamine
;
Dimethyl Sulfoxide
;
Freezing
;
Healthy Volunteers
;
Humans
;
Membrane Glycoproteins
;
Membranes
;
Nitrogen
;
Ristocetin
;
Tissue Donors