No abstract available.
Brain* ; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime*

No abstract available.
Parathyroid Neoplasms* ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Thymoma*

Craniosynostosis is a congenital deformity causing disorder in the growth of the skull and brain parenchyma, resulting from the fusion of the cranial sutures of calvaria or basilar before birth or within a few months after birth. In most cases it is diagnosed just after birth. However, some cases of vague diagnoses were reported, which was due to the late onset age, and the absence of typical symptoms and typical radiological findings. We make a report of a case in which the three-dimensional CT was helpful in making a diagnosis of a patient with minimal forms of craniosynostosis having minimal cranial deformities revealing just late onset raised intracranial pressure, along with the investigation of medical literature.
Age of Onset ; Brain ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Cranial Sutures ; Craniosynostoses ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Parturition ; Pseudotumor Cerebri ; Skull

No abstract available.
Glomerular Filtration Rate* ; Kidney*

PURPOSE: To date, anatomical imaging modalities of the pelvis and tumor markers have been the mainstay of surveillance for recurrent ovary cancer. This study aimed to assess the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in evaluation of ovary cancer recurrences, especially in comparison with enhanced CT and tumor marker CA 125. Materials and METHODS: 73 patients who had PET/CT scan for restaging of confirmed ovary cancer, and additional imaging with enhanced CT of the pelvis within one month were included. CA 125 level was available in all patients. From the PET/CT images, maximum standard uptake values (SUVmax) of suspected recurrence sites were recorded. Confirmation was available through re-operation or biopsy in 26 cases, and clinical assessment with series of follow-up images in 47. RESULTS: PET/CT had 93% sensitivity and 88% specificity for detecting recurrent ovary cancer. Enhanced CT of pelvis had sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 88%, and CA 125 50% and 95%. CONCLUSION: PET/CT has higher sensitivity for detecting recurrent ovary cancer compared to enhanced CT though the differences were not significant. PET/CT has significantly higher sensitivity than CA 125. However, the three tests all agreed in only 43% of the recurrence cases, and recurrence should be suspected when any of the tests, especially PET/CT, show positive findings.
Biopsy ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Ovary ; Pelvis ; Recurrence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Biomarkers, Tumor

Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is one of the most common features of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Generally it can be identified through brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Typical brain MRI findings of HS are hippocampal atrophy with hyperintense signal confined to the lesion. On the other hand cortical dysplasia exhibits blurring of the gray-white matter junction and abnormal white matter signal intensity. We present a case where preoperative brain MRI strongly suggested the presence of diffuse cortical dysplasia in the left temporal lobe but postoperative pathology revealed the temporal lesion to be unremarkable except for hippocampal sclerosis.
Atrophy ; Brain ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; Hand ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Sclerosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Temporal Lobe

Hepatic hemangioma is the most common benign liver tumor and must be considered in the differential diagnosis of other space occupying hepatic masses. A 54-year-old man was referred to evaluate bone metastases of lung adenocarcinoma. In our case, we thought that a focal hepatic uptake in the bone scan was a metastatic lesion, because of underlying lung adenocarcinoma. However, the findings of abdominal CT and Tc-99m RBC scan results were deemed to be characteristic of hepatic hemangioma. The biopsy of the lesion was not performed.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting cervical lymph node metastases in head and neck cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients were divided into two groups, 46 patients underwent PET/CT scan for initial staging before surgery, and 20 patients for restaging of recurrence after primary treatment. Increased FDG uptakes in cervical lymph nodes were evaluated retrospectively and correlated with the histopathologic results. RESULTS: In the initial staging group, 21 lymph nodes were detected by PET/CT in 15 patients. 20 lymph nodes were confirmed as metastases with a mean peak SUV of 5.84, and the remaining one lymph node was an inflammatory lesion, with a peak SUV of 2.75. Seven metastatic lymph nodes were reported only by histopathology. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 74.0%, 99.6%, 95.2% and 97.3%, respectively. In the recurrence group, 11 lymph nodes were detected in 9 patients, and 8 nodes were true positive, with a mean peak SUV of 5.65. The other three were inflammatous lymph nodes, and the peak SUVs were 2.16, 2.94 and 3.53. One false negative lymph node was reported. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 88.8%, 97.7%, 72.7% and 92.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: FDG-PET/CT shows higher positive predictive value in the initial staging group, and better sensitivity in the recurrence group. Therefore PET/CT could be useful for both initial staging and restaging of recurrent cervical lymph node metastases.
Diagnosis* ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms* ; Head* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: Leigh syndrome is a typical type of mitochondrial disease. This study was conducted to analyze the types of ophthalmologic symptoms and results of funduscopy conducted in the ophthalmologic examination of patients with Leigh syndrome. METHODS: Funduscopy was conducted on 24 subjects, who were chosen among those diagnosed as having mitochondrial respiratory chain complex defect and who were clinically suitable for the criteria of Leigh syndrome. Their clinical features, ophthalmologic symptoms, and ophthalmologic examination results were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 24 patients with Leigh syndrome, 11 developed ophthalmologic symptoms and no abnormal finding was observed in 13. The most frequent abnormal finding was visual disturbance in 5 patients. Funduscopy revealed abnormal findings in 17 patients; retinal pigmentation was the most frequent abnormality and was seen in 9 patients. CONCLUSION: Funduscopy can be an important screening test to find ophthalmologic abnormalities among patients with mitochondrial disease (MD), including those patients whose ophthalmologic symptoms are inconspicuous. It is predicted that an improved screening test can be made in the future that will identify risk factors related to ophthalmologic symptoms.
Electron Transport ; Humans ; Leigh Disease ; Mass Screening ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Pigmentation ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: Mitochondrial dysfunction can present with various symptoms depending on the organ it has affected. This research tried to analyze the ophthalmologic symptoms and ophthalmologic examination (OE) results in patients with mitochondrial disease (MD). METHODS: Seventy-four patients diagnosed with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex defect with biochemical enzyme assay were included in the study. They were divided into 2 groups based on the OE results by funduscopy and were analyzed on the basis of their clinical features, biochemical test results, morphological analysis, and neuroimaging findings. RESULTS: Thirty-seven (50%) of the 74 MD patients developed ophthalmologic symptoms. Abnormal findings were observed in 36 (48.6%) patients during an OE, and 16 (21.6%) of them had no ocular symptoms. Significantly higher rates of prematurity, clinical history of epilepsy or frequent apnea events, abnormal light microscopic findings in muscle pathology, diffuse cerebral atrophy in magnetic resonance imaging, and brainstem hyperintensity and lactate peaks in magnetic resonance spectroscopy were noted in the group with abnormal OE results. CONCLUSION: Although the ophthalmologic symptoms are not very remarkable in MD patients, an OE is required. When the risk factors mentioned above are observed, a more active approach should be taken in the OE because a higher frequency of ocular involvement can be expected.
Apnea ; Atrophy ; Brain Stem ; Child ; Electron Transport ; Enzyme Assays ; Epilepsy ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; Light ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Mitochondria ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Muscles ; Neuroimaging ; Ophthalmology ; Retina ; Risk Factors