1.In Vivo 1H MR Spectroscopic Imaging of Human Brain.
Yong Whee BAHK ; Kyung Sub SHINN ; Tae Suk SUH ; Bo Young CHOE ; Kyo Ho CHOI
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1994;31(2):185-190
PURPOSE: To evaluate the spatial distribution of various proton metabolites in the human brain with use of water-suppressed in vivo 1H MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) technique MATERIALS AND METHODS: All of water-suppressed in vivo 1H MRSI were performed on 1.5 T whole-body MRI/MRS system using Stimulated Echo Acquisition Method (STEAM) Chemical shift Imaging (CSI) pulse sequence. T1 -weighted MR images were used for CSl Field Of View (FOV; 24 cm). Voxel size of 1.S cm3 was designated from the periphery of the brain which was divided by 1024 x 16 x 16data points. RESULTS: Metabolite images of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine/phosphocreatine (Cr) + choline/phosphocholine (Cho), and complex of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) -I- glutamate (Glu) were obtained on the human brain. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary study suggests that in vivo 1H MRSl could provide the metabolite imaging to compensate for hypermetabolism on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans on the basis of the metabolic informations on brain tissues. The unique ability of in vivo 1H MRSI to offer noninvasive informations about tissue biochemistry in disease states will stimulate on clinical research and disease diagnosis.
Biochemistry
;
Brain*
;
Diagnosis
;
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
;
Glutamic Acid
;
Humans*
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Positron-Emission Tomography
;
Protons
2.A Clinicopathologic Study of 53 Gastrointestinal Mesenchymal Tumors.
Young Kyung BAE ; Dong Sug KIM ; Mi Jin GU ; Joon Hyuk CHOI ; Mi Jin KIM ; Young Jin KIM ; Won Hee CHOI ; Sun Kyo SONG ; Koing Bo KWUN
Korean Journal of Pathology 2000;34(11):909-918
The gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors (GIMTs) form a heterogenous group with controversy centering on both the cell of origin and the prediction of clinical behavior. They include a small group of tumors with mature smooth muscle or Schwann cell differentiation and a larger group with inconsistent or no evidence of differentiation. Tumors in the latter are now referred to as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study was performed on 53 cases of GIMTs to identify cellular differentiation and predictors of clinical behavior. Fifty three cases of GIMTs could be histologically and immunophenotypically divided into three categories, 6 leiomyomas (11.3%), 4 schwannomas (7.6%), and 43 GISTs (81.1%). All leiomyomas (SMA desmin ) and schwannomas (S-100 ) were located in stomach and negative for CD34 and CD117. Thirty nine cases of GISTs were either CD34 (n=26) or CD117 (n=23) immunoreactive. Of these 39 GISTs, 26 were negative for myoid (SMA, desmin) and neural marker (S-100), 10 SMA desmin-S-100-, two SMA-desmin-S-100 , and one SMA desmin-S-100 . Two out of 4 GISTs, which were negative for CD34 and CD117, were immunohistochemically considered leiomyosarcoma (SMA desmin ). GISTs of small intestine had a tendency to be malignant than those of stomach. Pathologic grade of GISTs was not correlated with cellular differentiation. In 29 GISTs with clinical follow-up information, tumor size, mitotic counts, Ki-67 labelling index, tumor necrosis, mucosal invasion, and CD34 expression were significantly correlated with metastasis/recurrence.
Cell Differentiation
;
Desmin
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
;
Intestine, Small
;
Leiomyoma
;
Leiomyosarcoma
;
Muscle, Smooth
;
Necrosis
;
Neurilemmoma
;
Stomach
3.Pericardial effusion in malignant cancer patients.
Chan Soo MOON ; Hae Uk JUNG ; Ho Chul SONG ; Jin Hyung KANG ; Jang Sung CHAE ; Hoon Kyo KIM ; Kyoo Bo CHOI ; Kyung Sik LEE ; Dong Jib KIM
Journal of the Korean Cancer Association 1993;25(4):595-600
No abstract available.
Humans
;
Pericardial Effusion*
4.Mumps Transmission Control Status and Inapparent Infection Rate among Middle and High School Students during the 2007-2008 Mumps Outbreak in Daegu.
Kyo Hyun KIM ; Chang Hwi KIM ; Bo Youl CHOI ; Un Yeong GO ; Dong Han LEE ; Moran KI
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health 2009;42(6):408-415
OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the mumps transmission control status and inapparent infection rate among middle and high school students in Daegu City during a mumps outbreak. METHODS: Nine schools (two middle schools and seven high schools), which reported a number of mumps cases between 2007 and 2008 were selected for investigation. During March-May 2008, a standard questionnaire was distributed to gather information about case identification, instructed isolation measure, isolation status of mumps cases and related factors, and outdoor activities of non-isolated mumps case. Inapparent infection rate was estimated by serum mumps IgM and IgG antibodies status and self-reported mumps symptoms in three of the nine schools. RESULTS: Among 2,560 respondents, more than half of students answered that they did not receive instructions in mumps transmission control measures during the outbreak. Among the 327 mumps cases identified by the questionnaire, 131 cases (40.1%) were considered as isolated and the isolation rates were significantly different among schools, grades, and gender. Of the non-isolated cases, 88.3% continued attending school. Inapparent mumps infection rates were between 56.3% and 70.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Mumps transmission control was inadequate to control the mumps outbreak. Although high inapparent infection rate would mitigate the transmission control effect of case isolation, this measure is fundamental for infection control. The reasons of this inadequate status need to be explored to develop an effective intervention strategy.
Adolescent
;
Child
;
Communicable Disease Control/*methods
;
Disease Outbreaks/*statistics & numerical data
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Immunoglobulin G/blood
;
Immunoglobulin M/blood
;
Male
;
Mumps/epidemiology/*prevention & control/transmission
;
Patient Isolation
;
Questionnaires
;
Republic of Korea/epidemiology
;
Schools/*statistics & numerical data
;
Students
5.A Case of Bilateral Cerebellar Tuberculomas.
Sung Bo SHIM ; Kyung Dong KIM ; Yong Kyo CHOI ; Dae Jo KIM ; Yun Chul OK ; Kyu Woong LEE
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1975;4(2):389-394
Hematogenous spread from tuberculous lesions of other parts of the body represent the origin of intracranial tuberculomas. In most series of the literature, the cerebellum has about two thirds and the cerebral hemispheres about one third of the intracranial tuberculomas. It may occurs as a single lesion, but multiple intracranial tuberculomas varies from 10% to 33% of the cases due to the hematogenous spread. Calcium deposits are rare, occurring in about 6% of cases. Ramamurthi and Varadarajan described the two types of the intracranial tuberculoma; 1. Superficial and vascular type, produces early focal signs of increased intracranial pressure. 2. deep and avascular type, accompanied by signs of increased intracranial pressure. We have been experienced in one case of symmetrical and bilateral cerebellar tuberculomas probably originated from the pulmonary lesion.
Calcium
;
Cerebellum
;
Cerebrum
;
Intracranial Pressure
;
Tuberculoma*
;
Tuberculoma, Intracranial
6.Visualization of Ostium Secundum Atrial Septal Defect by Transesophageal Echocardiography.
Wook Sung CHUNG ; Jong Il YUN ; Sang Hong BAEK ; Seung Suk CHUN ; Chong Sang KIM ; Jae Hyung KIM ; Kyo Bo CHOI ; Soon Jo HONG
Korean Circulation Journal 1990;20(3):446-451
Atrial Septal Defect(ASD) is usually suspected clinically but requires a confirmative diagnostic procedure before surgical repair. Conventional transthoracic echocardiography has relatively high sensitivity and specificity for ASD, but difficulty in visualizing the ASD occasionally. Transesophageal echocardiography has special advantages for investigating the posteriorly located cardiac structures, including the atrial septum, which is imaged perpendicularly at a relatively short distance. We describe a case in which ostium secundum ASD was not visualized by conventional transthoracic echocardiography, but was diagnosed confidently by transesophageal echocardiography. It is concluded that transesophageal echocardiography appears to be a promising diagnostic tools for the evaluation of ASD on the basis of its ability to provide excellent imaging of the entire atrial septum and related posterior cardiac structures.
Atrial Septum
;
Echocardiography
;
Echocardiography, Transesophageal*
;
Heart Septal Defects, Atrial*
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
7.A case of staphylococcal myocaridtis with complete atrioventricular block.
Ho Chul SONG ; Kee Bae SEUNG ; Jong Soon RAH ; Kyo Yung CHOO ; Won Yung LEE ; Dong Hun KANG ; Kyoo Bo CHOI ; Moon Won KANG
Korean Journal of Infectious Diseases 1993;25(4):383-386
No abstract available.
Atrioventricular Block*
8.Studies of the Findings o Fluorescein Retinoangiographic Pictures of Papilledema in the Brain Tumor.
Hak Jong KO ; Byung Kyo CHO ; Hyo Chung SOHN ; Jin CHAE ; Kil Soo CHOI ; Bo Sung SIM
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1974;3(2):151-156
Fluorescein retinal angography has been used in order to make differential diagnosis between true papilledema and pseudopapilledema, and to make early confirmation of the incipient papilledema. After injection of 5 cc of 10% fluorescein sodium into antecubital vein, the fluorescein retinal angiographic findings of 6 normal adults and 17 papilledematous patients of the brain tumor were obtained by Zeiss fundus camera(exciter filter:Kodak Wratten 47 A, barrier filter:Schott GG 14). 1. The characteristic findings of papilledema in the disc are: a. Leakage of fluorescein from capillaries and persistence of the fluorescence till late stage. b. Capillary dilatation. c. Microaneurysm. 2. The massive leakage of the fluorescen is seen in the patients of the 3 rd ventricular or posterior fossa tumors. 3. The decreased visual acuity is prominent in the patients showing marked capillary dilatation and microaneurysm.
Adult
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Brain Neoplasms*
;
Brain*
;
Capillaries
;
Diagnosis, Differential
;
Dilatation
;
Fluorescein*
;
Fluorescence
;
Humans
;
Infratentorial Neoplasms
;
Papilledema*
;
Retinaldehyde
;
Veins
;
Visual Acuity
9.Clinical Observations on Untoward Reactions of Conray Ventriculography.
Hyun Jip KIM ; Byung Kyo CHO ; Jin CHAE ; Kil Soo CHOI ; Bo Sung SIM
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1974;3(2):105-110
Conray ventriculography is a method for the roentgenographic visualization of the cerebral ventricular system with meglumine iothalamate 60%(Conray). Although it has been known that ventriculography using Conray 60% offers definite advantages compared to that with other contrast media and untoward reactions have been reported as mild and transitory ones, a significant disadvantage is the possible development of seizures. Recently we had performed Conray ventriculogrqaphy and analized their untoward reactions in 25 cases which were previously proved hydrocephalic by cerebral angiographies, from march, 1973 to August, 1974. They included twenty cases of brain tumor and five cases of hydrocephalus. Untoward reactions were analized with respect to the different concentration of the contrast media used, communicating or noncommunicating pathway of the cerebrospinal fluid and the different sites of obstruction in the cerebrospinal fluid pathway. The results were as follows: 1. Headache and convulsion were more frequently observed in cases of ventriculography using undiluted Conray. 2. High frequency of vomiting was observed in cases with communicating pathway of the cerebrospinal fluid. 3. There seemed to be no difference in untoward reactions between the levels of obstruction in the cerebrospinal fluid pathway.
Brain Neoplasms
;
Cerebral Angiography
;
Cerebrospinal Fluid
;
Contrast Media
;
Headache
;
Hydrocephalus
;
Iothalamate Meglumine
;
Seizures
;
Vomiting
10.Expression of MUC5AC and Trefoil Peptide 1 (TFF1) in the Subtypes of Intestinal Metaplasia.
Joo Yong SONG ; Byung Wook KIM ; Ah Won LEE ; Kyo Young LEE ; In Sik CHUNG ; Bo In LEE ; Hwang CHOI ; Jeong Seon JI ; Hiun Suk CHAE ; Kyu Yong CHOI
Clinical Endoscopy 2012;45(2):151-154
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Alterations of the expression pattern of mucins and trefoil peptides have been described in gastric adenocarcinomas and in their precursor lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the progression patterns of intestinal metaplasia (IM) subtypes by analyzing the expression patterns of TFF1 and MUC5AC in different subtypes of IM of the stomach. METHODS: Endoscopic gastric biopsies of the antrum and body were obtained from patients with dyspepsia and endoscopic IM. Alcian blue/periodic acid-Schiff staining and the high iron diamine technique were used to classify the subtypes of IM. Immunoreactivity for MUC5AC and TFF1 was estimated in different types of IM. RESULTS: IM was detected in 128 samples from 80 patients; type I was found in 48 samples, type II was found in 37 samples, and type III was found in 43 samples. There was a gradual decrease in MUC5AC and TFF1 expression during the progression of IM from type I to type III via the type II intermediate. CONCLUSIONS: This downregulation of MUC5AC and TFF1 expression may challenge the sequential progression of IM from type I to type III via the type II intermediate, and it might be associated with gastric carcinogenesis.
Adenocarcinoma
;
Biopsy
;
Down-Regulation
;
Dyspepsia
;
Humans
;
Iron
;
Lotus
;
Metaplasia
;
Mucins
;
Peptides