Intrabile duct tumor growth of hepatocellular carcinoma is an uncommon manifestation, but intraluminal bileduct hepatocellular carcinoma without primary hepatic parenchymal lesions is extremely rare. To our knowledge,only a few case reports have been published. We encountered two cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma arisingin the bile duct; serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were within the normal limits. Both showed the followingcharacteristic radiologic features: 1) Cholangiography revealed filling defects within the dilated bile duct; 2)two-phase abdominal CT showed enhancement during the arterial-dominant phase and washout during the tissueequilibrium phase, as in typical HCC; and 3) hepatic arteriography revealed hypervascular tumor staining. Surgerywas performed and the resected specimen showed no detectable primary hepatic parenchymal mass; on the basis of thepathologic findings, intraluminal bile duct hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed. We cautiously assume that thispeculiar type of HCC may arise primarily from bile duct mucosa.
alpha-Fetoproteins ; Angiography ; Bile Ducts* ; Bile* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Cholangiography ; Mucous Membrane ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Linear sebaceous nevus syndrome, which is the association of nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn in the midfacial area with seizure and mental deficiency, has been reported in at least 100 cases. Hemimegalencephaly is a rare malformation consisting of unilateral hypertrophy of the brain, an abnormal gyral pattern, thickened cortex, white matter abnormality, and lateral ventricular dilatation. The authors report a case of linear sebaceous nevus syndrome with hemimegalencephaly, diagnosed on the basis of clinical data and brain MRI.
Brain ; Dilatation ; Hypertrophy ; Intellectual Disability ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Malformations of Cortical Development ; Nevus ; Nevus, Sebaceous of Jadassohn* ; Seizures

We measured the blood flow velocity of the anterior cerebral artery via anterior fontanelle approach of fifty five preterm neonates with duplex Doppler sonography and analyzed the waveform and calculated pulsatility index were increased with increasing gestational age, birth weight, and age of the neonate, but resistive indices decreased. In sick babies, characteristic resistive index increment were seen in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage, but no statistical difference was seen in patients with respiratory distress syndrome. Our results suggest that duplex Doppler sonography is a use ful noninvasive means of monitoring cerebrohemodynamics in normal pretem neonates and flow change of sick babies.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans