STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Recently the populations of patients receiving implant surgery are greatly increase for maintaining oral health. PURPOSE: This study was conducted for implanted patients to assess the chewing ability patient satisfaction level and changes in quality of life before and after the implant surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The current study subjected 109 adult patients, older than 20 years of age, who received implant surgery from December, 2006 to October, 2007 at the 6 dental clinics located at Daegu and Ulsan metropolitan cities. Twice of surveys were conducted for the patients before and after receiving the dental implant surgery. RESULTS: As the motivation of receiving implant surgery, 45.9% of the patients selected the surgery for the chance of "chewing function recovery", and "failure of treatment and complications" was found to be the most worrisome at the time of surgery by recording 38.5%. The satisfaction level before the implant surgery scored 30.37, while the score was increased to 45.01 after the surgery by showing a significant difference before and after receiving the surgery (P < .001). Regard on the surgery, 91.8% of the patients responded as "Satisfy", and 89% of the study subjects responded that they have willingness to recommend the surgery to their families and friends. The chewing ability score measured by using the surveys on edible foods, the score before the surgery was 15.24, while the score was increased to 19.11 after the surgery by showing a significant difference before and after receiving the surgery (P < .001). The quality of life score was also found to be increased to 11.17 after the surgery from 9.99 before the surgery by showing a significant difference (P < .001). CONCLUSION: In a future, the studies on the numbers of implanted loss teeth and the location of tooth loss are necessary, more long-term follow study are needed, and it is thought to be necessary to enlarge the sample size of subjects in conducting the studies.
Adult ; Dental Clinics ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Friends ; Humans ; Mastication ; Motivation ; Oral Health ; Patient Satisfaction ; Quality of Life ; Sample Size ; Tooth ; Tooth Loss

No abstract available.
Heart Valves* ; Heart* ; Return to Work*

The purpose of this study is to verify severity of asthma in asthmatic patients through through the arterial blood gas analysis. Subjects were consisted of 103 patients (74 boys and 29 girls), between 2~13 years of ages. Clinically, asthmatic patients were classified into 6 groups, i, e., group 0(no rhonchi), group 1(rhonchi only), group 2(mild attack), group 3(moderate attack), group 4(severe attack), group 5(respiratory failure with disturbance of consciousness). PH kept normal range in the group 0, group 1, group 1 and group 3,but began decrease in the group 4.There was linear fall in Po2 and began decrease in the group 3. HCO3- maintained normal level through the whole range. BE showed acidemia on the whole, and began distinctive decrease in the group 4 and group 5, especially. Hypoxemia, hypercapnia and acidemia were common in patients in severe attacks with disturbance of consciousness.
Anoxia ; Asthma ; Blood Gas Analysis* ; Child* ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hypercapnia ; Reference Values

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide data to establish an efficient manpower management plan so that the organization can identify the influence of organizational silence and professionalism on job embeddedness among nurses in hospital management. METHODS: Self-report questionnaires were distributed to 150 nurses in hospital management who were working in general hospitals with less than 900 beds but more than 300 beds in the districts of Seoul and Gyunggi, Gangwon province. Of the questionnaires, 127 out of 150 copies were collected and 120 copies were used for final analysis. Seven were not considered sincere in the responses. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 22.0 statistic program, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. RESULTS: Organizational silence and professionalism had significant influence on job embeddedness, which explained 43.4% of job embeddedness. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that in order to raise job embeddedness, it is necessary to provide various programs to change communication patterns in the nurses in hospital management, and to create environments in which nurses in hospital management can present various opinions.
Gangwon-do ; Hospitals, General ; Professionalism ; Seoul

PURPOSE: To investigate utilization patterns and cost of medical treatment of complementary alternative therapy in children with atopic dermatitis. METHODS: A self-reported questionnaire concerning utilization pattern and cost of medical treatment of complementary alternative therapy was completed by 196 children <12-year-of-age diagnosed with atopic dermatitis for over 1 year. Descriptive, t-test, and analysis of variance analyses were performed. RESULTS: About 70% of children reported the use of alternative therapy methods including, in order of frequency, bath, herbal medicine, supplemental foods, aroma therapy, massage, and acupuncture. During the previous 12 months, direct costs for these hospital treatments averaged 596,300 Korean Won (KRW, the currency of South Korea). The time cost averaged 657,000 KRW and transportation expenses averaged 598,000 KRW of indirect cost of hospital treatment. The direct cost for complementary alternative therapy averaged 741,000 KRW. The time cost averaged 340,000 KRW and transportation expenses averaged 810,000 KRW of indirect cost of complementary alternative therapy. There was a statistically significant relationship between direct cost of complementary alternative therapy and family income. CONCLUSION: The cost of complementary alternative therapy exceeded the cost of hospital treatment, and indirect costs exceeded direct costs. Analyses of cost-effectiveness of patient treatment should include complementary alternative therapy.
Acupuncture ; Aromatherapy ; Baths ; Child ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans ; Massage ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transportation

The neuromuscular blocking effect of pipecuronium was evaluated in 35 patients under N2O-O2-isoflurane anesthesia with visual and/or tactile counts for the twitch of the adductor pollicis muscle in response to train-of-tour(TOF) stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the wrist. Group I, II and III were classified according to the initial dose of pipecuronium of 50, 80 and 100ug/kg, respectively. The additional dose, 30 ug/kg, was given in all three groups when the first twitch of TOF(T) reappeared. The onset time in Group I, II and III was 361.4+/-98.6, 218.7+/- 80.8 and 239.0+/-73.7 seconds, respectively. The onset time in Group I was significantly slower(p<0.005) than those in the other groups. All three doses of pipecuronium provided good to exceUent intubating condition in about 4 to 6 minutes after the administration of the initial dose. The time interval from the disappearance of T1 to the reappearance of T1 was 39.0+/-20.8 min in Group I, which was significantly longer(p<0.05) in Group II(67.7+/-26.4 min) or III(63.8+/-20.8 min). The cumulative effect of pipecuronium was evaluated by comparing the mean time intervals of an additional dose to the succeeding ones. The intervals between additional doses were independent of the size or duration of the initial dose. There were no significant differences in the intervals between additional doses. Heart rates, rhythms and mean arterial blood pressures were not significantly changed in any groups following the administration of pipecuronium In conclusion, pipecuronium bromide can be recommended as a long-acting neuromuscular blocking agent with an absence or minimum of cumulative and cardiovascular effects for patients in whom a long operation is scheduled and the cardiovascular stability is required.
Anesthesia ; Arterial Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Pipecuronium* ; Ulnar Nerve ; Wrist

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Internet addiction is an increasing problem in Korea. The previous studies in this area have targeted adolescents and young adults. This study was conducted to examine the risk of internet addiction in Korean adults and the effect of internet addiction on circadian rhythm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this study, 508 subjects were chosen through population proportional sampling to represent the adult population in Korea, 325 of whom were included based on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Korea (Audit-K), Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), drug use in the past year, and suicide attempts. In these subjects, sociodemographic factors including age, gender, and residential area were analyzed, and Young's Internet Addiction Scale (IAS), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and an online survey examining sleep onset time on weekdays and weekends, wake-up time, and caffeinated drink intake were executed. RESULTS: Of the 325 subjects, 136 (41.8%) belonged to a high-risk internet addiction group (IAS > or = 40), and 189 (58.2%) belonged to a normal group (IAS < 40). There was a high proportion of male subjects (p = 0.03) in the high-risk group compared to the normal group. There was a high proportion of younger subjects (p = 0.055) in the high-risk group compared to the normal group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Compared to the normal group, there was a high proportion of the evening type (MEQ < or = 41) in the high-risk group (p = 0.024), who also showed a high proportion of caffeinated drink intake (p < 0.001). Also, the high-risk group was found to go to bed and wake up late, but there was no statistically significant difference with the normal group. CONCLUSION: This study showed that many adults have a high-risk of internet addiction, and there was a significant correlation between internet addiction and sleep in adult, as has been found in adolescents and early adults. In the future, a longitudinal study will be needed to verify the causal relationship between internet addiction and morningness-eveningness.
Adolescent ; Adult* ; Circadian Rhythm* ; Depression ; Humans ; Internet* ; Korea ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Suicide ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: To report two cases of ocular ischemia following scleral encircling. METHODS: A 21-year-old man with glaucoma and a 76-year-old woman without any medical problem were transferred to our department for surgery to treat retinal detachment. After retrobulbar anesthesia and limbal peritomy of conjunctiva, the 4-rectus muscles were isolated. Scleral encircling was performed with No. a 42 band (4.0 mm in width) after cryotherapy done completely around retinal tear. RESULTS: Following surgery, One patient experienced ophthalmic artery occlusion and while the other patient experienced central retinal artery occlusion. Vision was not restored in either cases despite IV injection of 250 ml of 15% mannitol solution and anterior chamber paracentesis. CONCLUSIONS: In the cases where patients are of old age or suffer from glaucoma, we strongly recommend that the surgeons perform the scleral encircling carefully.
Aged ; Anesthesia ; Anterior Chamber ; Conjunctiva ; Cryotherapy ; Female ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Ischemia* ; Mannitol ; Muscles ; Ophthalmic Artery ; Paracentesis ; Retinal Artery Occlusion ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: We investigated the effectiveness and safety of DA-3030 for prophylatic use in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy cancer patients were randomized to receive chemotherapy alone (36 patients) or with DA-3030 administered (34 patients) after stratified block randomization according to chemotherapeutic regimen. DA-3030 was subcutaneously administered at the dose of 100 pg/m/day for 10 days from 24 hours after the completion of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Of the 70 enrolled patients, 62 patients were evaluable. The neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count [ANC] <1,000/mm) occurred in 9 of 32 (28.1%) of the DA-3030 group and 21 of 30 (90.0%) of the control group, giving relative risk for control group of 0.154 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05 to 0.45; p-0.0001). Severe neutropenia (ANC 500/mm') occurred in 4 of 32 (12.5%) of the DA-3030 group and in 20 of 30 (66.7%) of the control group (relative risk for control group of 0.316 [95% CI, 0,18 to 0.55]; p=0.0001). The mean duration of neutropenic period (+/-standard error) was 1.13+/-0.34 days in the DA-3030 group and 6.73+/-0.69 days in the control group respectively, and was significantly shorter in the DA-3030 group (p<0.0001). And, there was higher nadir ANC in the OA-3030 group than that in the control group (p=0.0001); the mean nadir ANC was 2,547+/- 343/mm and 442+/-120/mm, respectively. The DA-3030 group had significantly higher incidence of myalgia in comparison to the control group (43.8% compared with 3.3%; p=0.001). However, it was tolerable and was easily managed by conservative therapy CONCLUSION: The use of DA-3030 was effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.
Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Myalgia ; Neutropenia* ; Neutrophils ; Random Allocation

BACKGROUND: Intermediate filaments as well as microtubule and microfilament are major components of cytoskeleton of human cells. Melanocytes have vimentin intermediate filament, which have not been well investigated as other cytoskeletons, especially in their function. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to observe the motile characteristics of vimentin intermediate filament in living B16 melanoma cells. METHODS: The motile properties of vimentin intermediate filament have been studied in living B16 melanoma cells using green fluorescent protein(GFP). cDNA expressing GFP-vimentin fusion protein was cloned and transfected into living B16 melanoma cells. Living cells were observed under fluorescent microscope and confocal microscope. Time-lapse images were collected and analysed. RESULTS: GFP-vimentin is incorporated into the endogenous vimentin networks. Time-lapse observations of vimentin fibrils demonstrate that they are constantly changing their configurations. Intersecting points of vimentin fibrils, or foci, frequently move towards or away from each other, indicating that the fibrils can lengthen or shorten. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching shows that bleach zones across fibrils rapidly recover their fluorescence. During this recovery, bleached zones frequently move, indicating translocation of fibrils. Short filamentous structures('squiggle') are also seen actively translocating. Melanosomes also are changing their position back-and-pro constantly. They are co-localized very well with kinesin molecules in B16 melanoma cells. CONCLUSION: The vimentin intermediate filament and melanosomes in B16 melanoma cells have very active movement, which seem to have close relation with kinesin motor proteins.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Clone Cells ; Cytoskeleton ; DNA, Complementary ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching ; Humans ; Intermediate Filaments* ; Kinesin ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma, Experimental* ; Melanosomes ; Microtubules ; Vimentin*