Sjogren's syndrome has been considered to be an autoimmune disease affecting various organs including salivary and lacrimal glands. It occurs most commonly in middle-aged women, and less than 20 cases with primary Sjogren's syndrome have been reported in children. An 11-yim-old boy presented with recurrent annular erythema on the face that had been present for 2 years. A schirmers test showed a positive result. ANA was detected at a dilution of 1:640. Anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies were also detected. On histological examination, lymphocytes were infiltrated in the periappendegeal areas as well as the papillary and reticular dernis. The skin findimg is uncommon in children, but has become a characteristic feature of childhood Sjogrens syndrome with anti-Ro and/or anti-La antibodies.
Antibodies ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Child ; Erythema* ; Female ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Sjogren's Syndrome* ; Skin

Congenital melanocytic nevi are considered to be precursors of malignant melanoma. Although the risk of malignant melanoma with medium and small congenital melanocytic nevi is uncertain, it is important to notice the possibility of malignant transformation in those lesions. We describe a 62-year-old woman who had had a brown soft verrucous tumor on her right lower back since birth. She first noticed a black nodule in the center of the tumor 5 years before which had ulcerated 3 months prior to presentation without healing. A biopsy specimen revealed malignant melanoma arising from a congenital melanocytic nevus.
Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Melanoma* ; Middle Aged ; Nevus, Pigmented* ; Parturition ; Ulcer

This study aims to determine the changes in health beliefs and practices of dental hygienists on infection control after having received special training on that subject. The study population consisted of dental hygienists working at the dental institutions located in Seoul and Gyeonggi areas. The intervention group and the control group each had randomly assigned 26 dental hygienists. The intervention group received training courses on infection control once a week for 3 hours, for a total of 4 training sessions. We used a survey tool to find the changes between the two groups regarding their health beliefs and practices on infection control measures. The survey was conducted prior to the training sessions, 3 months and 2 weeks after the training. The study results revealed statistically significant increases in perceived sensitivity, perceived seriousness, and perceived benefits after the training courses in the intervention group (p<0.05). A statistically significant decrease in perceived barriers was also noted in the intervention group (p<0.05). Additionally, there was a statistically significant increase in the practice of infection control in the intervention group as compared to the control group (p<0.05). Therefore, we conclude that infection control training is crucial in bringing about positive changes to the health beliefs of dental hygienists, and a structured system is necessary for continuous infection management along with training in order to improve infection control practices.
Dental Hygienists ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Infection Control* ; Seoul

Rotavirus is an important pathogen of acute infantile gastroenteritis as well as is suspected of being one of the causative agents of benign convulsion. We evaluated the clinical and laboratory features noted in 9 young children with Rotazyme positive gastroenteritis and afebrile seizure retrospectly. Seventy-seven patients were admitted to the department of pediatrics in Yeungnam University Hospital with a history of Rotazyme positive gastroenteritis between January 1, 1991 and June 30, 1993. Afebrile convulsions have been noted in 9(11.6%) of them (7 boys and 2 girls). Their age ranged from 13 to 36 months. The seizure episodes ranged from 1 to 6 time in cluster within 2 hours. The seizure were all generalized tonic-clonic seizures lasting 1-5minutes. Serum electrolyte, EEG, brain CT and CSF findings were normal except a mild pleocytosis in one patient. Any type of epilepsy was not occurred and psychomotor development was normal in 7 patients who were followed up for 6-44 months Afebrile convulsions are sometimes found in patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis. They are characterized by brief generalized seizure or seizures in cluster, normal laboratory findings and good prognosis. We believe that individualized approach is needed in the management of rotavirus gastroenteritis with afebrile convulsion.
Brain ; Child ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Pediatrics ; Prognosis ; Rotavirus ; Seizures*

No abstract available.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spinal Cord*

PURPOSE: To provide basic data for developing problematic drinking prevention problem through the investigation of the educational needs on drinking of primary students. METHOD: Subjects were 630 fourth, fifth, and sixth grades in 5 primary schools in Seoul. Data were collected from November to December 2000 by using structured questionnaire. RESULT: 1) Among the students under inquiry, 41.2% answered the had educational need about drinking. Educational need about drinking was significantly higher in the students with higher mothers educational level than those of with lower ones. 2) With regard to the appropriate class in providing education, 37.3% selected normal class education. 47.3% of the respondents said experiments would be the most effective education method. 61.8% of the students picked school nurses as the most appropriate person in carrying out the education. As for the most effective media for education, 40.3% chose video/television. The most concerning topic was academic achievement with 51.9% of the surveyed. As for the rate of preference in methods of drinking prevention education, Significant differences were shown in the class, teaching method, instructor, media, memory of education and concerning topic according to the gender. CONCLUSION: The results of the finding suggest that the various programs of drinking prevention education for the primary students should be developed with consider the difference of preference by the grade and the gender.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Drinking* ; Education ; Humans ; Memory ; Mothers ; Seoul ; Teaching ; Child Health

While anomalies of the pancreaticobiliary system are not uncommon, drainage of the common bile duct into the bulb of the duodenum has rarely been reported. The awareness of ectopic drainage of the CBD is stressed to prevent surgical damage and improve medical management in this area. We reported one case of anomalous drainage of the CBD and pancreatic duct associated with nonvisible gallbladder or agenesis of gallbladder and cystic duct diagnosed by ERCP, ultrasonography and upper abdominal CT.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Common Bile Duct* ; Cystic Duct ; Drainage* ; Duodenum ; Gallbladder ; Pancreatic Ducts* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

While anomalies of the pancreaticobiliary system are not uncommon, drainage of the common bile duct into the bulb of the duodenum has rarely been reported. The awareness of ectopic drainage of the CBD is stressed to prevent surgical damage and improve medical management in this area. We reported one case of anomalous drainage of the CBD and pancreatic duct associated with nonvisible gallbladder or agenesis of gallbladder and cystic duct diagnosed by ERCP, ultrasonography and upper abdominal CT.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Common Bile Duct* ; Cystic Duct ; Drainage* ; Duodenum ; Gallbladder ; Pancreatic Ducts* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

Hypertension is a well-known degenerative disease whose prevalence rate increases with age. Management of high blood pressure is a critical concern in preventive strategies to reduce the morbidity and mortality for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary characteristics of hypertensive program participants, and to establish strategies based on their nutritional needs. Hypertensive patients were enrolled in the program in a public health center or in a local elderly center, at Suwon, in 1999-2000. Trained dietitians interviewed 62 enrollees(24-hour recall) and related variables. Mean body mass index of the subjects was 25.0kg/m2. 30.7% of the subjects had a family history of hypertension. The majority of them ate regularly and partook of all available side dishes. They consumed grains and vegetables regularly, but seldom ate dairy products or food prepared with oil. Male enrollees frequently consumed more processed food and animal fat than did female enrollees(p<0.05). An analysis of the percentage of RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowances of Korea 1995) showed that but for ascorbic acid, enrollees consumed nutrients below the RDA. The food group intake pattern was not diverse, thus only 8.1% of enrollees consumed all food groups in a day. An analysis of eating attitude showed that 64.5% of enrollees always added salt to beef soup. Male enrollees showed low food-related self-efficacy compared to female enrollees, especially with reference to reduction of instant food intake(p<0.01), increase in vegetable intake(p<0.01), reduction of monosodium glutamate(MSG) intake(p<0.01). and not overeating(p<0.05). Their perceived barriers for participating in hypertension nutrition programs included lack of time, program necessity non-recognition, and program comprehension difficulty. These results suggest that nutrition education program necessity non-recognition, and program comprehension difficulty. These results suggest that nutrition education programs for community hypertensive patients should focus on increasing participant consumption of foods, expecially dairy products, and desirable eating attitudes. It also suggests that the program should consider should consider encouraging self-efficacy in changing eating behavior.
Aged ; Animals ; Ascorbic Acid ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Edible Grain ; Comprehension ; Dairy Products ; Eating ; Education* ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Male ; Mortality ; Nutritionists ; Prevalence ; Public Health* ; Self Efficacy ; Vegetables

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of chronic total occlusion has been limited by a relatively low success rate and a high restenosis rate. This study investigated procedural outcome, factors predictive of procedural success and safety of coronary angioplasty for chronic total coronary occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population was composed of 45 lesions attempting PTCA with or without stent implantation for recanalization of chronic total coronary occlusion between January 1997 and July 1999. The clinical and angiographic data of the 45 lesions were reviewed. The results of successful PTCA in 28 lesions were compared with those in 17 lesions whose PTCA was failed. RESULTS: The overall success of balloon angioplasty and stenting was achieved in 28 lesions (62.2%) and did not differ significantly by clinical variables. The most common cause of failure of balloon angioplasty was inability to pass the guide wire across the occlusion( 14 of 23 lesions, 61%). Procedural success was more common in patients with occlusions with a tapered entry configuration(77.2% vs. 47.8%, p=.042), with lesions without side branches(82.3% vs. 50%, p=.03). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified the absence of side branch(p<0.01) and the presence of a tapered entry configuration(p<0.05) as independent predictors of procedural success. One case(2.2%) needed emergency coronary bypass surgery after failure to recanalize the occluded vessel. There was no Q wave acute myocardial infarction, death. CONCLUSIONS: The favorable cases(>60%) of chronic total coronary occlusions can be successfully dilated by balloon angioplasty with or without stent implantation, with a major complication rate of 2.2%. Therefore, with careful patient selection, we need to try the aggressive recanalization for chronic total coronary occlusion.
Angioplasty ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary* ; Coronary Occlusion ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Myocardial Infarction ; Patient Selection ; Stents