The incidence of multiple primary cancers is low than that of single primary cancer. In gastric cancer, incidence of occurrence of multiple primary cancer is 3 to 11.3%. Because stomach and lung are unrelated organs, the combination of gastric cancer and lung cancer is rare. Its estimated incidence is about 10% of all multiple primary cancers. The histologic types of secondary lung cancer in one series, squamous cell carcinomas were 49%; adenocarcinomas were 28%; large cell carcinomas were 14%; small cell carcinomas were 9%; others were 6%. This patient had been diagnosed as early gastric cancer 3 years ago, but he refused operation for cancer and wasnt followed up. After 3 years, he revisited us for dry coughing and diagnosed as small cell lung cancer. At this time, previous gastric cancer was remained as well differentiated, early gastric adenocarcinoma. For its rarity, we report this case with review of literatures.
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cough ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Angiography ; Catheters* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Spasm*

Noroviruses have been recognized as the leading cause of epidemic and sporadic gastroenteritis since the advent of molecular diagnostic technique. They have been documented in 5-31% of pediatric patients hospitalized with gastroenteritis. Although norovirus gastroenteritis is typically mild and self-limited, it causes severe, but sometimes fatal, conditions in the vulnerable population such as immunocompromised patients, young children, and the elderly. Bowel perforation due to norovirus infection is rare. We report a case of small bowel perforation with norovirus gastroenteritis in the infant with Down syndrome during the hospitalization with pneumonia. Severe dehydration may cause bowel ischemia and could have triggered bowel perforation in this case. Physicians should be alert to the potential surgical complications followed by severe acute diarrhea, especially in high risk groups.
Aged ; Child ; Dehydration ; Diarrhea ; Down Syndrome ; Gastroenteritis* ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Infant* ; Ischemia ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; Norovirus* ; Pneumonia ; Vulnerable Populations

Extramedullary plasmacytoma involves organs outside the bone marrow, but involvement of the pancreas is very rare. We present the imaging findings of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the pancreas in a patient with multiple myeloma. Mixed echogenecity was noted at US, and marked enhancement at CT and MR.
Bone Marrow ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; Pancreas* ; Plasmacytoma*

BACKGROUND: Cancer invasion is a critical factor for survival and prognosis of patients with cancer. Identifying and targeting factors that influence cancer invasion are an important strategy to overcome cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of fascin known to be associated with cancer invasion. METHODS: Fascin depletion was performed with lentiviral short hairpin RNA against fascin mRNA and stable cell line (Fascin(dep)) was established. Matrigel-Transwell invasion and three-dimensional (3D) culture system were used to observe fascin depletion effects. In order to observe the changes of protease secretion by fascin depleted cancer cells, protease antibody array was performed. RESULTS: Fascin was highly expressed in invasive cancer cells. Fascin-depleted cells showed decreased cancer invasion in Matrigel-Transwell invasion and 3D culture system. In addition, inhibition of proteases secreation and decrease of intracellular proteases mRNA expression were observed in fascin deplete cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicates that fascin is closely involved in proteases activity and cancer invasion. Therefore, fascin is a strategically important factor for controlling cancer invasion.
Cell Line ; Gene Silencing ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Metalloproteases ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Tumor Microenvironment

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the current statistics of professional medical support staffs(PMSSs) working in general hospitals with less than 500 beds. METHODS: This study was conducted on 35 general hospitals with less than 500 beds from September 11th to October 27th, 2017. RESULTS: Four hundred fifty one PMSSs were currently providing medical support. The number of clinical nurse experts was the highest among the roles, followed by Physician Assistants(PA) and Advanced Practice Nurses. The mean job satisfaction score was 3.07 out of 5. In the case of PA group, most of the delegated prescriptions were performed, however the delegated roles were not much documented in written format. The paucity of documentation requires a development of a committee for PMSSs, including a development of selection criteria and a scope of practice in each institution. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggested the composition of a committee for PMSSs in the medical institutions and renaming the specified titles of PMSSs.
Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Nurse Clinicians ; Nurse Practitioners ; Nursing ; Patient Selection ; Physician Assistants ; Prescriptions

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Generally, we try on nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding in brain-injury patients with impaired swallowing. It has been known that percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube feeding is less complicated than NGT feeding. However, there is no accurate report for gastroesophageal reflux as complication following PEG and NGT. Therefore, we measured esophageal acidity before and after changing NGT feeding into PEG feeding in management of brain-injury patients, and then evaluated the degree of gastroesophageal reflux. METHODS: Thirteen patients with impaired swallowing in brain-injury were included in this study. They all underwent NGT followed by PEG. Before and after PEG placement, 4 variables of acid exposure were evaluated with 24 hour ambulatory pH monitoring. RESULTS: Number of acid reflux episodes decreased in 5 cases. Number of long acid reflux episodes decreased in 3 cases. Total and fraction time pH below 4.0 decreased in 6 cases. There was no significant difference in improvement of acid reflux between before and after PEG feeding (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed that acid reflux had a tendency to decrease in patients undergoing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy feeding, but it was increased in some of them.
Deglutition ; Enteral Nutrition ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Gastrostomy* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

A right atrial and inferior vena caval thrombus in a structurally normal heart is a very rare condition. We report a case of such a thrombus in a 66-year-old woman. She was admitted to our hospital with recent onset dyspnea. Based on echocardiography, we suspected that she had myxoma. We performed an excision of a mass, which was found, by pathologic examination, to be an organized mural thrombus.
Aged ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Myxoma ; Thrombosis ; Vena Cava, Inferior

The role of neuropeptides in the central nervous system (CNS) has received increasing attention. Numerous peptide molecules are found in the mammalian CNS and many of them are thought to act as either neurotransmitters or neuromodulators. The neuropeptides found in high concentration in the hypothalamus include vasopressin (VP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, somatostatin, and oxytocin. The main approches to assess the involvement of neuropeptides can be focused on functions affecting the aging of the brain. Morphological aging of the CNS has been characterized by degenerative changes of fiber connections and cell loss, although degeneration does not always occur to the same extent throughout various parts of the brain and, moreover, varies for different cell types. Despite of many studies in VP containing neurons , there exist discrepancies in results about the changes of aged rat brain. The aim of the present study is, therefore, to investigative possible changes in the number and morphology of VPimmunoreactive neurons with aging in each area of the hypothalmus of the aged rats. As a result, the number of VP-immunoreactive neurons was decreased in hypothalamus nucleus of aged group. Especially, in VP-immunoreactive neurons of hypothalamus, the size of neuronal cell body and nuclei in aged group is larger than in young group and the fiber density of immunoreactivity neurons of median eminance (ME) in aged group is stronger than in young group. But, the total number of VP-immunoreactive neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the aged group is larger than in the young group. These studies indicate the involvement of VP-immunoreactive neurons in aging process of hypothalamus, and aging process may affect the synthesis of VP in the neurons of hypothalamic nuclei. Whereas, in VP expression, aging process induces an enlargement of the cell size of surviving neurons to compensate.
Aging ; Animals ; Brain ; Cell Size ; Central Nervous System ; Hypothalamus* ; Neurons* ; Neuropeptides ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Oxytocin ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; Rats* ; Somatostatin ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ; Supraoptic Nucleus ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; Vasopressins

Crohn's disease is a rare inflammatory bowel disease requiring a differential diagnosis with intestinal tuberculosis in Korea. There have been several problems in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease due to the much higher incidcnce of intestinal tuberculosis and the clinical similarities between the two diseases. Therefore, in many cases, treatment involveed anti-Tb drugs based upon empirical diagnosis, This study presents a case of Crohn's disease treated with anti-Tb drugs for about 9 months after intestinal tuberculosis was misdiagnosed.
Crohn Disease* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ; Korea ; Tuberculosis*