No abstract available.
Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Round Ligament of Uterus*

OBJECTIVE: The HCV seroprevalence rate and the vertical transmission rate in Korean pregnancy women have not been determined until now. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of anti- HCV in pregnant women and vertical transmission rate to assess the role of antenatal screening of HCV and the necessity of following babies from anti-HCV positive mothers. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 21,639 patients who delivered at Ilsin Christian hospital from January 2000 to October 2003. The HbsAg, HbsAb, anti-HCV, HIV test were performed in their 1st trimester of pregnancy and the HCV RNA test was performed by RT-PCR in samples positive for anti-HCV. 38 babies born to anti-HCV positive mothers were tested for anti-HCV and those who were positive anti-HCV were also tested for HCV RNA by PCR. RESULTS: The positive rate of anti-HCV in pregnant women was 0.42% (90/21,639) and that of HCV RNA was 57% (51/90). The positive rate of anti-HCV was 26.3% (10/38) and the result of HCV RNA test was all negative in babies whose mothes were positive for anti-HCV. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anti-HCV in pregnant women who delivered at our hospital seems to be higher than that in the Korean young adult man and it is similar with the whole world prevalence rate. The prevalence of anti-HCV of babies born to HCV PCR positive mothers was higher than that born to HCV PCR negative mothers. None of anti-HCV positive babies was HCV RNA positive. With this, we conclude that the vertical transmission as the transmission route of HCV infection is negligible but routine screening for HCV is acceptable to pregnant women.
Female ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; HIV ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Medical Records ; Mothers ; Moths ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women* ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Prevalence* ; RNA ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Young Adult

Infantile hepatic hemangioma is benign vascular tumor and the most common liver tumor in infants. Small hepatic hemangioma is usually asymptomatic and seldom require therapy. Giant hepatic hemangioma, defined as more than 4 cm in diameter, is rare, but can lead to life-threatening complications such as consumptive coagulopathy, anemia, hemorrhage after tumor rupture and congestive heart failure due to arteriovenous shunting. Neonatal mortality rate is about 70-90%. The differential diagnosis of a fetal liver mass includes hemangioma, hepatoblastoma, and mesenchymal harmatoma. Although hepatic hemangioma represents the most common tumor of the liver in infant, the prenatal diagnosis of this condition has been rarely reported in the literature. we experienced a case of fetal hepatic hemangioma by prenatal sonography and report our case with a brief review of literature.
Anemia ; Diagnosis* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Heart Failure ; Hemangioma* ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Liver ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Rupture ; Ultrasonography*

Complete trisomy 9 is a rare chromosomal aneuploidy in live born infants. The majority of cases of trisomy 9 end in spontaneous abortion in the first trimester. Clinical finding of co-mplete trisomy 9 demonstrate multiple organ abnormalities in the craniofacial, cardiovascular, skeletal, genitouronary systems. We report a fetus with Dandy Walker syndrome which was diagnosed prenatally and was subsequently found to have a complete trisomy 9.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Aneuploidy ; Dandy-Walker Syndrome* ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Trisomy*

Most reports on serious MTX toxicity have focused on hepatic abnormalities, while other effects, including hematologic reactions, have not been emphasized. We experienced a case of pancytopenia secondary to MTX therapy in a patient with RA and renal insufficiency. A 67-year-old woman with a 12-year history of active seropositive RA that was a response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hydroxychloroquinine and intra-articular steroid injections, had been followed up and was diagnosed as early chronic renal failure in October, 1993. Recently, because of significant morning stiffness and polyarthralgia, the decision was made to institute MTX treatment. This was begun as a single oral dose of 5mg/week. After 2 doses, the patient was admitted to the hospital with general weakness. Laboratory tests showed a hemoglobin level of 7.9 g/dl, WBC count 1800/mm3 and platelet count of 64000/mm3. The serum creatinine level was 6.1 mEq/dl and the BUN level was 82 mEq/dl. Liver function test results were normal, but the serum albumin level was 2.7 g/dl. The patient subsequently developed fever and blood transfusions, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and intravenous prophylactic antibiotic therapy were required. Her condition was improved. In summary, Low-dose MTX-related adverse hematologic side effects, including fatal pancytopenia, are rare but are a cause of increasing concern in patients with RA and renal insufficiency. Close monitoring of associated risk factors, particularly impaired renal function, should be mandatory for all patients who are receiving MTX therapy.
Aged ; Antirheumatic Agents/adverse effects* ; Antirheumatic Agents/administration & dosage ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications ; Case Report ; Female ; Human ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications ; Methotrexate/adverse effects* ; Methotrexate/administration & dosage ; Pancytopenia/chemically induced* ; Risk Factors

Mongolian gerbil has been as an model animal for studing the neurological diseases such as stroke and epilepsy because of the congenital incompleteries in Willis circle, as well as the investigation of water metabolism because of the long time-survival in the condition of water-deprived desert condition, compared with other animal species. In order to accomplish this research, first of all another divided the laboratory animals 5 groups of which each group include the 5 animals. In this study of the long term water deprived condition author investigatied the vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamus by using a quantitative immunohistochemistry, measured the plasma osmolalities at the time of sacrifice of indivisual animals, and the body weights every day during water-deprived. The results obtained in this study were summarized as followings: 1. The body weights and decreasing rates of the body weight in water-deprived animal groups were continuosly decreased. 2. The plasma osmolalities were increased from the 5th water-deprived day, after then the gradually increase reached nearly its equilibrium state at the 10th water-deprived day. 3. Vasopressin and oxytocin immunoreactive cells were mainly observed in PVN, SON and a few in the lateral magnocellular area of hypothalamus. 4. The number of VP immunoreactive cells in paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus were abruptly decreas-ed until the 5th day in the supraoptic nucleus in number and until the 10th day in the paraventricular nucleus of water-deprived. 5. The OT secreting cells were severely decreased on the 5th water deprived day in paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus, after than these cells were very slowly decreased until to the 38th water deprived day.
Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; Body Weight ; Circle of Willis ; Epilepsy ; Gerbillinae* ; Hypothalamus* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Metabolism ; Neurons* ; Osmolar Concentration ; Oxytocin ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; Plasma ; Stroke ; Supraoptic Nucleus ; Vasopressins