PURPOSE: This study was designed to construct a structural model for explaining model health-related quality of life in acquired people with physical disabilities. METHOD: The hypothetical model of this study was consisted of 6 latent variables and 14 observed variables. Exogenous variables included in this model were physical status and economical level. Endogenous variables were social attitudes, family function, self-esteem, and health-related quality of life. Data were collected from 226 acquired people with physical disabilities residing in Seoul and Kyunggi-do from January to February, 2005. The collected data were analyzed using SAS 8.2 version and LISREL 8.32 version program. RESULTS: The results of the fitness test of the modified model were follow as; chi-square=67.479 (df=50, p=.05), GFI= .959, AGFI=.914, SRMR=.049, NFI=.961, NNFI=.979, CN=249.244. Health-related quality of life was influenced directly by physical status, economic level, and social attitudes and accounted for 88.8% of the variance by these factors. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that physical status is the most significant effect on health-related quality of life, and social attitudes and economic level are important factors having influences on health- related quality of life. Therefore improving physical status and economic level, and modifying negative attitudes are necessary to increase health-related quality of life of acquired people with acquired physical disabilities.
Disabled Persons ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Models, Structural ; Quality of Life* ; Seoul

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the training effectiveness and behavior towards the elderly of 180 caregiver trainees. METHODS: Data were collected from five caregiver training institutions located in G city. All subjects were surveyed about the training effectiveness and behavior towards the elderly by using the Training Effectiveness Scale and the Behavior towards the Elderly Scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. RESULTS: The study subjects gained a training effectiveness score of 3.84 out of 5 points and a behavior towards the elderly score 3.40 out of 4 points. The training effectiveness differed significantly depending on subject's characteristics, intention to work as a caregiver, and hours of training. There were significant differences in behavior towards the elderly depending on their age and hours of training. The training effectiveness was significantly correlated with the level of behavior towards the elderly. CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrated the necessity of developing a level of educational training that will help improve caregiver trainees' care by positively changing their behavior towards the elderly.
Aged ; Caregivers ; Humans ; Intention

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a tool to measure job stress related to occupational characteristics of infection control nurses. METHODS: The tool was developed through the steps of literature reviews, preparatory questions, and a test of validity and confidence. The participants were 212 infection control nurses from 145 Korean hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, item analysis, factor analysis. RESULTS: Through factor analysis, 38 items in four domains and nine factors were derived. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the final instrument was .95. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the measurement tool is reliable and valid to measure the job stress of infection control nurses.
Infection Control*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate effects of aroma foot bath on urination status (Prostatic Symptom and bother score due to urinary symptoms) and stress related to urination in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: This study consists of pre- and post-tests in a non-equivalent group design. The 52 BPH patients selected by random sampling in G City were assigned to two groups (experimental group=26, control group=26). Data of their general characteristics, urination status and stress related to urination were collected using self-reported questionnaires. Aroma Foot Bath was performed to the experimental group for 15-20 minutes every day for a week. Descriptive statistics and independent t-test were used for the analyses in this study with the SPSS/WIN 21.0 version program. RESULTS: Prostatic symptom and bother score due to urinary symptoms in the experimental group were improved than those in the control group (t=-7.94, p<.001). Compared to the control group, the stress related to urination in the experimental group (t=-8.78, p<.001) was significantly reduced (t=-5.21, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that aroma foot bath is effective in improving urination status and reducing stress related to urination in BPH patients.
Aromatherapy ; Baths* ; Foot* ; Humans ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Urination Disorders ; Urination*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether subjective health and social support influence depression directly or indirectly through self-control of the physically disabled. METHOD: A five item General Health Short Form (SF-36) Health Survey Questionnaire was used to measure subjective health. Social support and self-control were measured by Social Support Questionnaire 6 and Mastery Scale. The level of depression was measured by CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression). RESULT: The level of depression was high (M=22.23). Seventy percent of the subjects were depressed. Subjective health and satisfaction with social support influenced self-control. Subjective health influenced the level of depression directly and indirectly, but self-control influenced the level of depression only directly. CONCLUSION: Subjective health and satisfaction with social support influenced depression through self-control in physically disabled persons. Therefore, when we manage these subjects' depression, it is seemed that program which lowers the level of depression by assessing and correcting these factors should be prepared.
Depression* ; Disabled Persons* ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting sleeping patterns among hospitalized elderly. METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was conducted. Participants were 121 hospitalized elderly in a hospital located in a county. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: Almost a half of hospitalized elderly in this study suffer from sleep disturbances. As results of univariate analyses, physical symptoms, anxiety, depression, and environmental factors disturbed sleep among hospitalized elderly. However, the result of stepwise multiple regression analysis identified that anxiety and environmental factors were significant predictors of sleeping patterns for hospitalized elderly and these two factors accounted 32.5% of variance of sleeping patterns among hospitalized elderly. CONCLUSION: Sleep assessment should be conducted on admission to identify sleep difficulties and thereby to improve quality of nursing care. Nurses and other health care personnels should make efforts to decrease anxiety and to eliminate environmental barriers of sleep among hospitalized elderly. Educational programs for nursing staff that offer information about sleep and sleep promoting interventions for the elderly patients are critical. Moreover, sleep promotion intervention program should be developed, applied and evaluated.
Aged ; Anxiety ; Data Collection ; Delivery of Health Care ; Depression ; Humans ; Nursing Care ; Nursing Staff ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of a self-help management program which strengthens self-efficacy on the self-efficacy and the activities of daily living(ADL) in stroke patients. METHODS: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group, pre and post design was used. The subjects consisted of 47 stroke patients. Twenty-six patients were assigned to the experimental group and 21 patients were assigned to the control group. The self-help management program by strengthen self-efficacy and general hospital care were carried out on the experimental group. General hospital care was performed on the control group. The data was collected before and 5 weeks after the program. All subjects were questioned about the self-efficacy and ADL before and after the program. RESULTS: The scores of the self-efficacy and ADL in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group. CONCLUSION: The self-help management program by strengthen self-efficacy is effective in increasing the self-efficacy and ADL. Therefore this program may be a useful intervention to increase the ADL in stroke patients.
Activities of Daily Living ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Stroke

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the state of unmarried cohabitation and to compare the differences of loneliness and family function among university students with cohabitation experience and those with no experience in Korea. METHODS: A convenience sample of 213 university students was recruited from three universities located in G city and the Chonnam area of Korea. Data collection methods included: (a) a demographic questionnaire, (b) a questionnaire related to cohabitation, (c) UCLA scale: 20 items on a 4-point scale (c) Family APGAR questionnaire: 5 items on a 3-point scale. SPSS/WIN 17.0 was used for descriptive analysis, chi2 test, t-test, and Pearson correlation. RESULTS: In this study, 21.1% of the subjects had experiences of unmarried cohabitation. The cohabitation experience was related to gender, age, and monthly income. There was significant differences in family function between the two groups. Loneliness scores were significantly correlated with family function scores in the non-cohabitation group. CONCLUSION: To improve sex life of the university students, healthcare providers including school nurses may consider family function.
Data Collection ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Korea ; Loneliness ; Single Person ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to happiness in first year women nursing students. METHODS: The sample consisted of 209 first year women nursing students in three colleges located in S and C cities. Data were collected during October and November 2011. The major variables for this study were depression, self-esteem, optimism, interpersonal relation, and happiness. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation coefficient, and multiple stepwise regression with SPSS/WIN 17.0. RESULTS: There were significant differences in student happiness according to economic status, satisfaction with major, satisfaction with the present college, and health status. Happiness was significantly correlated with depression, self-esteem, optimism, and interpersonal relations. Self-esteem, optimism, interpersonal relations, and satisfaction with major were significant predictors of happiness for first year women nursing students and these four factors accounted for 71% of the variance in happiness. CONCLUSION: Self-esteem, optimism, interpersonal relations, and satisfaction with major should be considered when addressing ways to increase happiness in first year women nursing students.
Depression ; Female ; Happiness ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Students, Nursing

PURPOSE: This study is to identify factors affecting on the level of practice on nosocomial infection management of operating room nurses. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 155 nurses who worked in operating rooms of six medical centers in located Gwangju and Chonanam area. Data were collected during October, 2006 by the questionnaire including a total of 124 questions. Data collected were analysed with use of SPSS 12.0 program. RESULTS: There was a significant difference of the level of practice by marital status(t=3.957, p=.048), education level(F=3.691, p=.027), position(F=6.588, p=.002), type of hospital(t=4.857, p=.029), number of nurse(F=4.243, p=.007), education about nosocomial infection management(F=3.069, p=.030), management council(t=6.397, p=.012) and management manual(t=6.961, p=.009). There were significant correlations between knowledge and practice (r=.389, p=.000), and between awareness and practice(r=.389, p=.000). Knowledge on nosocomial infection management, awareness of hands washing and positions were affecting factors on the level of practice. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that knowledge and awareness on nosocomial infection prevention and management of operating room nurses should be improved through consistent education. and support of administrator's of hospitals is needed.
Cross Infection ; Hand ; Infection Control ; Operating Room Nursing ; Operating Rooms ; Surveys and Questionnaires